Lao Yan is an immodest person, who likes to ridicule, thinking that he laughs and scolds into articles. During this time, poetry appreciation articles were written a lot, ridiculing Li Bai, ridiculing Fan Zhongyun, ridiculing Su Dongpo, and ridiculing all the way down, so that people criticized me for ruining the sages. In fact, to tell the truth, Lao Yan still has a bottom line, and some people will not be ridiculed by Lao Yan. For example, Yue Fei, such as Xin Abandoning The Land Tour. Some poems are also not ridiculed, such as "Qinyuan Spring Changsha", such as today's "Thatched House Broken by the Autumn Wind Song".
As we all know, the Tang Dynasty was the second golden age in China. And the watershed of this dynasty's transition from prosperity to decline is the Anshi Rebellion. During the Anshi Rebellion, Du Fu's fate was up and down, and he was the highest to achieve Zuo Shiyi, which was an official of the rank of deputy minister. The lowest is Huazhou Sigong, which is a bureau-level official. However, this official did not go on, resigned himself, and after several turns, came to today's Sichuan.
Jiannan Jiedushi made Yan Wu also a poet and had special admiration for Du Fu. He built a house for Du Fu to live in, which is the Du Fu Caotang in Chengdu today. But soon, Yan Wu was transferred to Chang'an as Jing Zhaoyin, and Du Fu had no one to rely on and lived a wandering life for two years. Two years later, Yan Wu returned to Chengdu to serve as the envoy of Jiannan Jiedu again, and Du Fucai came to him again and re-lived in Du Fu Caotang.
I don't know how many readers of this article have been to Du Fu Caotang, which is now a famous attraction in Chengdu. In fact, the current grass hall has been rebuilt many times, and it looks very tidy. However, when Du Fu lived at that time, it was much tattered than it is now. In that dilapidated house, one day, in a violent storm, the thatch on Du Fu's grass hall was blown to pieces, and the rain flowed down the crevices, making it difficult to sleep at all. Du Fu therefore wrote the poem:
In August autumn, the wind was furious, rolling up the triple grass on my house. Mao Fei crosses the river and sprinkles the outskirts of the river, the high one hangs on the long forest tops, and the lower one floats to the sinking pond pass.
The Nancun group of children deceived me old and weak, and endured to face the thief. Blatantly hugging mao into the bamboo, his lips burning and dry mouth, he returned with a cane and sighed to himself.
The Russian wind is fixed in the clouds and inky colors, and the desert turns to darkness in autumn. The cloth has been cold as iron for many years, and the delicate child is lying down and cracking. The bedside house leaks out of nowhere, and the rain feet are like numbness. Since the mourning chaos less sleep, long nights wet how to do it!
Ande Guangsha tens of millions of rooms, shelter the world's cold people are happy! The wind and rain do not move like mountains. alack! When I suddenly saw this house in front of my eyes, I was alone and froze to death!
Under normal circumstances, when classical poetry is translated into modern languages, it often loses a lot of originality and will be much inferior to the original. But Du Fu's ancient style was an exception. Here's a lot of knowledge. Although classical poetry seems to us to be a very elegant thing, in ancient times it belonged to folk creation and was not on the table. Because classical poetry is written in a folk language, that is, in the colloquial language of ancient times, it does not show a profound use of words. Du Fu's ancient style, which is a model of oral use, will only use some more written language when he is forced to do so.
Let's start with a few words to explain. On the outskirts of Jiujiang, the so-called river is actually a small river, that is, Huanhua Creek, this river is not far from Du Fu Caotang, the name is very good, but when Lao Yan saw it, it was actually dirty.
Twist, wrap. Oh yes, for a moment, very quickly. It is more difficult to understand, probably these two words, and then you can read through from beginning to end.
On this day in August, the sky was cloudless, but in the evening, there was a sudden strong wind. The fierce wind rolled up the thatch on my house layer by layer, blowing it all the way to the other side of Raccoon Creek before it gradually fell to the river. Falling on a high place, wrapped around the branches, making the treetops higher. Falling low in the drifting around, some fell into the pond. The children in the south village bullied me into being old and weak, and even had the heart to be a thief in front of me, openly picked up the thatch, and ran into the bamboo forest. I cried out so hard that I couldn't stop it, so I had to come back on crutches and sigh long.
Understand as you say, and explain the words "the hut was broken by the autumn wind" clearly: Why is there no defense? Why didn't I get it back and put it back on?
After a while the wind stopped, the sky was full of black clouds, and the autumn sky was overcast and gradually darkened. Quilts made of cloth have been covered for years and are as cold as iron. And some time ago, the child slept dishonestly and kicked the cotton wool inside to crack. It was raining at night, the roof was leaking, and there was no dry place at the head of the bed. The rain water leaked down like a twine and never broke. Since experiencing the Anshi Chaos, I have rarely had time to sleep well, and in this long night, everywhere is soaked, how can I survive until dawn?
Here need to interject, Lao Yan has a history that has not been clear, if there is a trouble to know to reply to it. After Du Fu resigned from Huazhou, he settled his family in Yanzhou and came to Chengdu himself. However, this poem appears again as his child, and in the poem "Wen Guanjun Collects Henan and Hebei", it is also written that "but look at what his wife is worried about", which can be determined that his wife and son were in Chengdu at that time. Who sent his family to Chengdu?
Old Yan had read this poem for an unknown number of times. Sometimes I can't help but cry when I read this. I remember once participating in the activities of the Recitation Association, reading this suddenly choked up, for a long time can not recover, had to go down in the applause. As a middle-aged man like Lao Yan who has experienced a lot, when he sees this scene, he can't help but feel sad, can't help but pity, and can't help but be sad. Du Fu really has nothing, even this house that cannot be covered by wind and rain is still sent by others.
Some people may say that Du Fu can still work hard to write poetry when he can hardly survive, so what reason do we have not to work hard? However, Lao Yan wanted to say that Du Fu, as a poet through the ages, as the pinnacle of Chinese historical poets, was very famous at that time, but people like this can fall into a desperate situation, which is the key point to understand this poem.
Of course, Du Fu, as a poetic historian, and Du Fu, as a poet saint, are much higher in realm than Lao Yan. Although he was poor and huddled up on the outskirts of Chengdu, what he thought in his heart was how many people in the whole world were as poor as him, so bullied by the wind and rain?
How can you get tens of millions of wide houses, so that people in the world who are cold and frozen can cover the wind and rain, and all show a cheerful smile? No matter how big the wind and rain can not be blown, it is as stable as a mountain. ah! When such a house suddenly stood up in front of me, even if my house was broken, even if I was frozen to death, I was satisfied.
From ancient times to the present, there is a guiding ideology among scholars, that is, "the poor are good at themselves, and the masters are also good at helping the world", and such people are considered to be the most virtuous people. However, Du Fu's thought transcended this nobility, and in the case of his own poverty, he still thought of helping the world, "poor also helps the world." When Lao Yan was tearing his heart and lungs out for Du Fu's encounter, Du Fu was tearing his heart and lungs for the whole world. Old Yan pities the individual, and Du Fu pities the world. Although Du Fu was thin and weak, he was incomparably tall and mighty in Lao Yan's heart. Of course, Such a person, Lao Yan, does not dare to ridicule, can only respect, can only admire.
If it is said that it is a high person who insists that "the poor are good at their own, and the masters are good at helping the world", then Du Fu is the high man among the high people, that is, the saint. It seems that the title of shisheng is not only because of Du Fu's poems, but actually his heart.
As for the artistic techniques, those are all side-by-side and do not need to be analyzed. When Lao Yan wrote this article, he only hoped to relive this poem with readers and relive Du Fu's greatness.