Author: Zhao Xinfang
(A set of pictures of Song Dynasty costumes)
Although Zhu Shuzhen and Li Qingzhao are both recognized as talented women in the Song Dynasty, in terms of their lives, Li Qingzhao is clear and clear, but Zhu Shuzhen is confused. Not only is the history of the canon unclear, but there are also many theories in the history of the wild. Why?
Baidu is introduced in this way, Zhu Shuzhen is a resident of youqi. The place of origin is generally believed to be Qiantang (present-day Hangzhou, Zhejiang), but the Siku Quanshu is believed to be Haining in Zhejiang, whose ancestral home is Shezhou, Anhui (present-day Shexian County, Anhui). His father was an official in western Zhejiang and came from a well-off family. You Yinghui, Botong Jingshi, Nengwen Shan Painting, Jing Xiao Music Rhythm, You Gong Poetry. Known as a talented woman.
Wenyou Chen Erhu Brother (pen name Hongye) once published an article about Zhu Shuzhen, describing such a thing, Zeng Bu's wife Wei Play is also a talented woman, able to poetry and good endowment, the first time I heard Zhu Shuzhen did good poetry, no matter how I did not believe it, so I set up a table of food and wine to invite Zhu Shuzhen to come, to personally confirm the authenticity. Ask her to rhyme with the five words of "flying snow full of mountains", Zhu Shuzhen studied the ink and wrote five sentences according to the rhyme. Mrs. Wei played with a clap of her hands in amazement.
Zeng Bu was the prime minister at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, and according to this legend, Zhu Shuzhen was a person at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty.
However, there are also sources that confirm that Zhu Shuzhen's handwritten "Xuanjie Tuji" is "Shaoding Third Year Spring and February" (Song Lizong era number, that is, February 1230), which concludes that Zhu Shuzhen was a person of the late Southern Song Dynasty.
What era Zhu Shuzhen lived in is a matter of wonder.
According to relevant information, Zhu Shuzhen's father was an official in western Zhejiang and had a good family. But in a story about Zhu Shuzhen, mentioning her father does not feel like an official.
It is said that one day, Zhu Shuzhen's father rode a donkey into the city to buy something, and the donkey knocked down the official. The official ordered the donkey to be taken away and confiscated, and zhu Shuzhen's father's board was also beaten. Zhu Shuzhen rushed to the city to intercede for her father. Old Master Guan had long heard that Zhu Shu was really a talented woman with quick thinking and outstanding talent, so he wanted to take this opportunity to test her in the lobby, so he said to Zhu Shuzhen: "I have a question, if you can write a poem on the spot with the question, the meaning of the words should express eight not to type, but there can not be a single type on the literal face." Then I will release your father and return the donkey to him. If you can't do it, you're guilty."
Zhu Shuzhen nodded in agreement.
At this time, the sky was close to dusk, and the official lord took the title of "night".
Zhu Shuzhen thought about it for a moment and began to chant in the bento hall:
The moon moved to the west building more drummed, and the husband collected the fishing net and turned it home.
No umbrella is needed after rain, and the blacksmith is drinking tea after the furnace is extinguished.
Woodcutters carry firewood down the mountain early, and moths circle the lanterns.
The swing in the courtyard has stopped, and the oil lang has changed his career.
When Old Master Guan heard this poem, he couldn't help but clap the case and exclaim, and Old Master Guan kept his promise and let go of Zhu Shuzhen's father and his donkey. The poem does not have a single "type" word, but eight do not. Please look at the order next to each other: no more fighting, no fishing, no umbrellas, no iron, no firewood, no cocoons, no swings, no oil. The whole poem does not have a single "typing" word, but every sentence is saying not to fight, really worthy of the talented woman!
Back to the point, don't talk about the wrong topic!
If Zhu Shu's father really had experience as an official, then the official master could not have treated him like this, right? The author believes that although Zhu Shuzhen is not from a Shi family, her studiousness from a young age is definitely inseparable from her excellent living environment, and her father may be a merchant with a certain culture but low social status. In ancient times, it was advocated that heavy agriculture and light commerce were advocated, and although merchants had money, their social status was low.
Chen Tingzhuo, a famous lyricist in the late Qing Dynasty, once commented: "There are many Song women who can write poetry. Yi An (Li Qingzhao) is the crown, the second is Zhu Shuzhen, and the second is Lady Wei (Wei Play). ”
Zhu Shuzhen's most famous work is the Na Que "Sheng Cha Zi. New Year's Eve:
On New Year's Eve last year, the flower market was lit up like day.
The moon is on the willow tip, and the person is about after dusk.
On New Year's Eve this year, the moon and lights are still there.
Not seeing last year's people, tears wet spring shirt sleeves.
The story narrated in the whole word is similar to the "human face peach blossom" of Cui Hu's "title capital City Nanzhuang". It has high artistic value. "The head of the willow on the moon, the person is about after dusk", this Bixing technique is full of the beauty of the texture of the "Book of Poetry", and is an immortal male and female dating famous sentence for eternity.
Marriage in the old days was the word of the matchmaker, the order of the parents. Some say that she was unfortunate enough to marry a mercenary petty official, some say that she married a city well, and some say that she... Anyway, Zhu Shuzhen was unlucky, and did not meet Li Qingzhao's kind of male and female appearance, Qinse harmonious and happy married life. Zhu Shuzhen, who is full of ideals and reality but has a bone feeling, is full of sadness and complaints. Look at her two poems.
Part 1: "Sorrow"
Gulls and herons make a pool, and it is necessary to know that the wings are not suitable.
Dongjun is not mainly with flowers, how can it be like Hugh Sheng lianli branches?
Second: "Mid-Autumn Festival Flute"
Whoever crosses the flute to clarify the sound and evoke the love on the pillow of the person.
Since the broken intestine can not hear, non-dry blowing out of the broken intestines.
Pathetic! Pulling gulls and herons as companions, without a common language, cannot be a family. Hearing the mournful flute on the night of that mid-autumn festival evoked the sorrow of the man who guarded the empty house alone, and he could not hear the sound of the broken intestine, but how could he blame the flute? ay! Zhu Shuzhen, who was unhappily married, often had such broken intestines in her poems after she became an adult.
It is said that after Zhu Shuzhen's death, his parents burned the manuscript of his life. After the disaster, the remaining articles were edited and compiled by a man named Wei Duanli into "Broken Intestine Words" and "Broken Intestine Poems".
Zhu Xi's theoretical thought advocated "preserving heavenly reason and destroying people's desires." According to the corrupt Confucians of all generations who regard Zhu Xi's theoretical thought as a classic, a woman's talentlessness is virtue, and it is necessary to ensure that the door does not go out of the second door. "Man is about after dusk" is a great rebellion! Zhu Shuzhen's such poetic sentences are lascivious words, how can they be praised? But this song was praised and exposed after it was circulated in the world, and it cannot be erased. The author sees that the corrupt Confucians came to "transfer flowers and trees" and installed it in Ouyang Xiu's collection of essays.
At the same time, it is deliberate not to record Zhu Shuzhen's situation in detail in the main history, so that posterity can look at the flowers in the fog of many wild histories to speculate. This technique was not a new creation of corrupt Confucians, and Sima Qian's "Records of History" set a precedent. The biography of the princes and princes in the "Records of History" is mainly based on singing merits and praises, and many negative historical facts are either not recorded or understated.
To tell the truth, the ancient scholars were very interested in the "Sheng Cha Zi. The words "New Year's Eve" also have their own views.
In his "Commentary on Words", Yang Shen of the Ming Dynasty clearly pointed out that it was written by Zhu Shuzhen, and at the same time cited another poem by Zhu Shuzhen with the same content and similar style, accusing Zhu Shuzhen of always being an undignified woman.
Wang Shizhen, a famous scholar of the Qing Dynasty, used another tune to talk about this matter, and in his "Chibei Occasional Talk", he said that this phrase in the one hundred and thirty-one volumes of the "Ouyang Wenzhong Gongji" was somehow falsely written by Zhu Shi, making the world suspect that Shu Shu was really lost in women's morality, and the record must not be careless. Ha! Wang Shizhen's method of whitewashing is not rigorous at all.
The author once published a clumsy article on the "Writing Hu" platform, recounting that Zhu Xi almost killed another talented woman in the Song Dynasty, Yan Rui. In Zhu Xi's eyes, the Song Dynasty talented women only recognized Li Qingzhao and Wei Play, and did not count Yan Rui. Why? It is not that Zhu Xi is a noble person who forgets things, but that Yan Rui is from a lowly background.
Why is Zhu Shu really confused? The best answer is because his poems violate the theoretical idea of "preserving heavenly reason and destroying human desires", and contrary to the traditional concept that no talent is virtue, they are from a low birth and have been intentionally caused by the corrupt Confucians of all generations.
【About the author】Zhao Xinfang, pen name Zhao Shi, is a member of the Chongqing Nan'an District Writers Association.
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