In November 1951, the 13th Corps of the Northeast Border Defense Army entered the Korean War, according to the combat plan of the Volunteer Army Headquarters, General Wu Xinquan's 39th Army attacked the South Korean First Division in the Unsan area, and the result was that it did not encounter the target, and encountered the FIRST CAVALRY Division halfway through, thus having the first great victory in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea.
Korean
In fact, according to the UN Army's plan, it was to let the US First Cavalry Division take over the South Korean First Division in the Unsan area, and then attack the Sino-Korean border, and the result was that it met with the narrow road of the 39th Army, General Wu Xinquan knew about it and immediately reported it, the Volunteer Army Headquarters changed its plan, the 39th Army changed its plan, the 39th Army attacked the US First Cavalry Division instead, the 38th Army attacked the north bank of the Cheongcheon River, cutting off the rear road of the US First Cavalry Division, and the 40th and 42nd Armies attacked the Tokugawa area to prevent enemy reinforcements.
Korean battlefield prisoners
The battle lasted for three days, the U.S. Cavalry First Division lost its heavy weapons and fled, and finally ended the battle with the annihilation of 15,000 enemy troops, the commander-in-chief of the United Nations Army, MacArthur, after knowing it, was furious at the headquarters, because he couldn't figure out why the U.S. Cavalry First Division would be defeated by the volunteers when the weapons and equipment were so superior. However, this "blood sent from a thousand miles" to resist US aggression and aid Korea is genuine.
It is reasonable to say that as the first great victory in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, whether it is domestic or international, it should be well publicized and can play a role in boosting morale, but the actual situation is that General Manager Peng ordered: "Appease the US prisoners of war, release them, and withdraw the whole army, leaving behind some daily utensils, only withdrawing and not fighting, and not confronting the US troops head-on." ”
What is even more incomprehensible is that after Receiving Mr. Peng's war report, Chairman Mao personally called the person responsible for publishing the war report and ordered that the number of annihilated enemies should be changed from 15,000 to 6,000.
One: paralyzing MacArthur's light enemies
After the prisoners of war of the U.S. 1st Cavalry Division returned, MacArthur personally came to interrogate him, and the answer was that "the Chinese soldiers said that they had completed their mission in a big victory, and there was no need to make any more sacrifices." "The other side is not the main force at all, and the equipment is backward and there is almost no food to eat." "The Chinese soldiers said that because they occupied the hydropower station in the northeast, they only sent troops, as long as they protected the hydropower station and did not want to fight."
U.S. prisoners
Although MacArthur concluded that this defeat was the good fortune of the Chinese army, but still cautiously sent troops to harass our army, and the volunteer army all chose to avoid the battle, MacArthur's doubts disappeared a lot, coupled with the Chinese newspaper, announcing that the number of annihilated enemies in the Yunshan Victory was only 6,000 people, and how many people were actually lost, MacArthur knew very well, is this not the Chinese army's lack of heart?
The second is to lure the enemy to catch big fish deeply
MacArthur was very optimistic about the situation on the Korean battlefield, and had declared to the outside world that he would end the war before Christmas, and at the same time wanted to encircle our army and annihilate it in one fell swoop, but Mr. Peng and Chairman Mao wanted to give MacArthur a Christmas gift. Later, chairman Mao personally changed the number of enemies in the Great Victory of Yunshan Mountain, in order to make MacArthur take it lightly.
MacArthur
Third: Buy time for the Ninth Corps of the Song Dynasty to enter the DPRK
At that time, the United Nations army that crossed the 38th Line had more than 200,000 people, and the 13th Corps was also about the same strength, air supremacy, sea control and equipment did not have the advantage, we could only rely on the superiority of troops, Chairman Mao ordered the Ninth Corps of song Shilun to quickly enter the Korean War, and then there was the famous encirclement and annihilation battle "Battle of Chosin Lake".
Battle of Chosin Lake
Why was the Battle of Chosin Lake said to be a turning point in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea?
In this campaign, the Ninth Corps of the Volunteer Army, composed of the 20th, 26th and 27th Armies, consisted of nearly 150,000 troops; the U.S. army participated in the battle, including the 1st Marine Division, the 3rd and 7th Infantry Divisions, and the South Korean First Army, with about 100,000 people. Due to the severe cold at that time of minus 40 degrees, the non-combat personnel of the Volunteer Army were reduced by more than 30,000 people, and the non-combat personnel of the United Nations Army were reduced by more than 7,000 people, which shows that our army has paid a very high price.
However, the results of the battle were also rich, the FIRST Division of the US Army was crippled, the Polar Bear Regiment was annihilated, and its undefeated myth was defeated; the eastern region north of the 38th Parallel was all recovered, shattering McAsa's dream of occupying Korea before Christmas; at the same time, after the war, McAsa was recalled by Truman to resign.
Even Chairman Mao said: "The Ninth Corps of the Volunteer Army has completed a huge strategic task under extremely difficult conditions when it fights on the Eastern Front this time. ”