Chen Yinke's father, Chen Sanli (1853-1937), was born in the third year of Xianfeng in the Bamboo Fengzhu Hall of Qidu (now Xiushui) in Taixiang, Yining Prefecture, Jiangxi, or the Chen Family House.
At that time, the Taiping army was prosperous, spreading to the two Chu, and several times invaded Yining Prefecture, grandfather Chen Weilin, uncle Chen Shunian, and father Chen Baozhen organized regimental training to defend Sangzi; mother Huang often betrayed Chen Sanli, mixed in with the fleeing crowd, and ran in the mountain forest pass to avoid military disasters and prepare for extreme hardships. In the mid-autumn, her grandfather Chen Weilin died of war fatigue.
In the first year of Tongzhi (1862), his father Chen Baozhen built the Four Senses Grass Hall at the western foot of Miwang Peak, about five miles away from the "Fengzhu Hall", thinking that it was a place to study and ask questions, and set up a private school, inviting the famous wuning teachers Li Fu (Qi Fu) and Huang Yunlan of Youdun to teach together, and Chen Sanli and his eldest sister (Deling) and younger brother (Sanwei) studied here.
In the tenth year of Tongzhi (1871), Chen Sanli was in the Tiyun Academy (grandfather Chen Weilin was one of the volunteers), in the seventh year of Guangxu (1881) in Xiucai, in the eighth year, in the fifteenth year (1889), he was appointed as the head of the official department.
In fact, Chen Sanli's article has already reached Xi Zhen's ability to be hired. As early as the sixth year of Guangxu, Guo Songtao saw Chen Sanli's article and was very optimistic about his literary style. However, Chen Sanli was deeply disgusted with the "Eight Strands of Literature", and when taking the exam, he did not use the style specified in the examination room (eight strands of text) to answer the questions, but used the ancient prose form that he was good at to write the examination papers.
After Chen Sanli's father, Chen Baozhen, took up the post, from his assistant father running the township bravery and defending Sangzi, to entering the Zengguo provincial shogunate to cooperate with Xi Baotian, and then to going out of the mountains, becoming an official in politics, and making friends with Xianda, providing Chen Sanli with an educational environment and teachers that were beyond the reach of ordinary officials' children.
In addition to Mr. Chen Guanlan, Chen Guanli, Huang Yunlan, and Li Qifu, Mr. Chen Guanlan, Mr. Zhou Xue, Mr. Tu Jiajie (Juren) and Zheng Lanfen (Juren), there are also his father Chen Baozhen, as well as his father's former Inspector of Guangdong, Libu Shilang, and Guo Songtao, Minister of Public Affairs in England and France.
Guo Songtao (1818-1891), an official of the late Qing Dynasty, one of the founders of the Xiang Army, and China's first envoy abroad. After living in Changsha for twelve years, he was closely related to Chen Baozhen and Chen Sanli, and both father and son had great respect for Guo's extensive knowledge and Ji Shi.
Chen Baochen (1847-1935), a native of Min County, Fujian Province, was a famous advisor of the Qing Dynasty. At the age of 20, he was a scholar and lecturer of the Han Academy, and later promoted to a cabinet bachelor and a waiter of the Ministry of Rites, and was a pioneer, practitioner and founder of modern education in Fujian.
Chen Baochen was Chen San's master (chief examiner) and was his great nobleman. Chen Sanli participated in the township examination four times, but failed to achieve his wish in the first three times. In the eighth year of Guangxu (1882), the fourth township examination, I had the honor of meeting Chen Baochen, Zhongju.
In the eleventh year of Guangxu (1885), Xiangfu Bian Songchen heard that Chen Sanli was long in literature and was anxious to recruit him into the shogunate and visited him. During the conversation, Chen Sanli felt that Lord Bian 's words were vain and untrue, and yu foreign affairs were especially far away", so he resolutely refused. Chen Sanli and Zou Daijun were recommended by the chancellor to enter Beijing at the same time, and both of them encouraged themselves to change their legal persons. Between Ding You, Wu Shu, Huang Zunxian, Luo Zhengjun, Xiong Xiling, Zou Daijun and other reformers were regular guests in the "MingshiXing" of the Chen father and son.
In the fifteenth year of Guangxu (1889), Chen Sanli was appointed as the head of the official department. However, not long after, he resigned his official post and returned to Xiang to serve his father, which was puzzling. Originally, he hated the working environment of the officials who were dull and dead.
Chen Sanli was influenced by his family's learning, cherished the aspirations of the world, discarded all the ideas of fame and fortune, and respected Yangming scholarship.
On the sixteenth day of the first month of the twenty-first year of Guangxu (1895), Chen Baozhen and the Guangxu Emperor Weng Tongsu discussed the defense of Gyeonggi, which was extremely praised. On the fourth day thereafter, the Guangxu Emperor summoned Chen Baozhen to inquire about the defensive strategy. In March, Chen Baozhen went to Baoding to take up the post of directly subordinate envoy. On the twenty-fourth day of July, the Guangxu Emperor issued a decree: "The Inspector of Hunan is supplemented by Chen Baozhen, and he admires this." ”
Chen Baozhen went to Changsha to perform his duties, and then Chen Sanli took his family to Changsha to paint a new policy for his father.
After the new defeat of Jia Wu and the signing of the treaty by Ma Guan, all the new policies were carried out at the same time, and the three sides went to the side of the attendant, and xiang and xiang were drawn. Put into practice the political ambition of "striving to restore the new and strive for change". Assist his father to run an industry, open up mining affairs, open up profits, recruit talents, promote education, change scholars, build societies, run newspapers, open up people's wisdom, and realize the ideal of "a corner of the camp for the world", and the rule of Hunan is called the world.
A man of the world, and Tan Sitong, Xu Renzhu, Tao Jucun as friends, style and hair, look forward to the return, then known as the "four princes of the restoration", the following picture is Tan Sitong.
For a time, sages, such as Zhu Changlin, Huang Zunxian, Tan Sitong, Yang Rui, and Liu Guangdi, either tried to do things or recommended them to the dynasty. He also extended Tan Sitong, Xiong Xiling, Liang Qichao, etc., and founded the Shiwu School, the Arithmetic School, the Xiang baoguan, and the Southern Society. Inspired by the atmosphere, those who have aspirations can not help but work hard and make corresponding harmonies, so Hunan Shi xi changed for it. At that time, those who talked about the New Deal took Xiang as the first initiative and ruled the world's best.
In the twenty-fourth year of Guangxu (1898), Cixi detained Guangxu and killed the "Six Gentlemen of Wushu" at Caishikou, wanting Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao, who were still at large. The Hundred Days Restoration failed.
Chen Sanli and his father were punished with "immediate dismissal, never to be used", and two years later, his father died. A series of blows, the pain of the homeland, the pain of the creation of great pain, from then on stand by the hands of the gods, with integrity as a strong point, Lai Shiwen to dispatch himself. Therefore, he took the name of Sanyuan Mountain (Nanchang Xishan), where his father was buried, and called himself "Sanyuan Old Man", and "Sanyuan Jingshe" as the name of the chamber.
Chen Sanli's "arm-and-handed Shenzhou" showed that he was "no longer involved in politics", but in fact he did not cooperate with the late Qing court and no longer acted as an official of the Qing Dynasty. However, we will not stand idly by when it comes to matters of national survival.
For example, on the issue of the right to build the Nanxun Railway, he and the township sages of Gan Province "felt that the day of foreign insults was urgent, but also felt sorry for corrupt officials and corrupt officials, who were barren of public wealth and private property, borrowed money to build roads, lost power and humiliated the country, and in order to save the people, they took the initiative to build their own roads to prevent covetousness." ”
In August of the thirty-third year of Guangxu (1907), Li Youdi, the premier of the railway, took a boat to Jiujiang to inspect the railway project on a rainy night and accidentally drowned, and Chen Sanli was ordered to be promoted by everyone to be the premier by everyone.
In April of the twenty-sixth year of qing guangxu (1900), Chen Sanli's family moved to Jinling.
At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the People's Republic, there was another boom in the history of Chinese poetry. The poetry is lined up and the stars are shining. The "poetry revolution" school, represented by Liang Qichao, advocates changing the vocabulary and artistic conception of Chinese poetry under the premise of maintaining the style of ancient poetry. The Nanshe, represented by Liu Yazi, was a revolutionary literary group with the main purpose of overthrowing the Manchu Qing Dynasty. The Tongguang body poetry school, represented mainly by Chen Sanli, is that since the Tongzhi Guangxu, poetry has not been dedicated to the Tang Dynasty, called "Tongguang Body".
The "same light body" is divided into three tribes. The first "Min faction" is represented by Chen Yan, Zheng Xiaoxu, Chen Baochen, Lin Xu, and others; the second is the "Gan faction", represented by Chen Sanli; and the third "Zhejiang faction" is represented by Shen Zengzhi. They all took Song Shi as their teachers, and Zong Wang Anshi, Su Shi, Huang Tingjian, Yang Wanli, and Chen Shidao as teachers.
Chen Sanlizong of the Song Dynasty Jiangxi Poetry School, admired Su Huang, learned the ancient and not the mud ancient. He once said: "If I imitate Tang, then I am Tang Gu; if I imitate Song, then I am Song Domain." It will make it even more able to transcend the tang and Song dynasties without losing its roots. "Both borrow from tradition and create your own style.
With the pursuit of innovation, depth and curiosity, the artistic pursuit of the arrogant and thin and the unique aesthetic vision show the lonely and sad feelings engraved in the poet's heart. Its sad feelings of dryness and depression are the embodiment of its jerky and tough style.
"Miscellaneous Feelings of River Travel"
Chen Sanli is famous all over the sea, and he has gathered a large number of outstanding poets. Especially for the support of the younger generations, Ru Lin has always been well-known. Among them, the most famous were Yuan Siliang, the son of Yuan Shuxun, the governor of Liangguang, Li Hongzhang, Sun Li Guosong, and Chen Yishu, the grandson of Chen Fuen, one of the eight ministers of Xianfeng, all of whom were chen Sanli's disciples.
After the Hunan New Deal was stifled, Chen Sanli entertained himself with poetry, encouraged himself with integrity, took the responsibility of inheriting traditional Chinese culture, took the initiative to undertake the sacred mission of "former Confucian entrustment", and realized the value of life in the kingdom of poetry creation. Genius and enlightenment enabled him to ascend to the peak of the poetry kingdom from a unique level, and became another master of the Jiangxi poetry school after Huang Tingjian.
With his genius imagination and otherworldly ability to temper language and writing, his poems leap out of new and extremely dynamic pictures.
Chen Sanli's achievements in the field of poetry are well-known at home and abroad.
Yang Shengzhao said: "Guangxuan poetry, the first to promote Chen Zheng, if the theory of Obo profound, great and strong, self-reliance is the most important." Sanhara was lonely and self-congratulatory, disdainful of the times, and the leader of the poetry circle, the name is rich. ”
Qian Zhongshu once said that the great poets after the Tang Dynasty can be summarized in a geographical word, called "Linggu Mountain Plain". "Ling" has Du Shaoling, "Valley" has Yellow Valley, "Mountain" has Li Yishan, and "Yuan" means Chen Sanyuanye.
In the thirteenth year of the Republic of China (1924), the Indian poet Tagore came to China and met Chen Sanli at the Jingci Temple in Hangzhou's West Lake.
In the nineteenth year of the Republic of China (1930), Chen Sanli proposed to re-edit the Lushan Zhi and entrusted Wu Zongci with the task. In order to make the zhishu more perfect, he specially invited the famous scholars Li Siguang and Hu Xianyin to write relevant articles. In the process of specific editing, Chen Sanli particularly emphasized the issue of revising the style of the case, emphasizing that the style of the zhi should respect science, and the style of the zhiwen should be different according to the different times, and put forward the scientific compilation concept of "the old from the old, the new from the new".
In the twenty-first year of the Republic of China (1932), Chen Sanli's close friend Zheng Xiaoxu joined Puyi in Japan and established a pseudo-"Manchukuo", chen Sanli scolded Zheng Xiaoxu for "seeking utilitarianism and betraying China!" When the "Scattered Plain Jingshe Poem" was reprinted, the preface of the original Zheng Zuo was deleted, the robe was cut off, and the love for the monk was clear.
In the twenty-second year of the Republic of China (1933), Chen Sanli left Lushan, where he had lived for four years, and went to Beiping.
Chen Sanli's eldest son, Chen Hengke's widow Huang Guoxun, stayed in Beiping with Feng Xiong and Feng You, and Chen Yinke's family lived in Qinghua Garden, and the two families took care of each other. After the old man enters Beijing, he can not only meet friends, write poems, write articles, but also have to make his grandson happy, and there is no lack of fun in life. However, the war in the north was becoming more and more urgent, and Chen Sanli could not help but feel uneasy. Chen Sanli in Beiping Yaojia Hutong.
In the twenty-fifth year of the Republic of China (1936), an international PEN conference was held in London, England, and Chinese representatives were invited to participate. At that time, two deputies were sent: one was Hu Shizhi, who represented new literature, and the other was Chen Sanli, who represented old literature. This shows the great fame of Chen Sanli's learning and the high status of the literary world. But at that time, Chen Sanli was already 84 years old, and finally did not make the trip.
On July 7, the 26th year of the Republic of China (1937), the "Lugou Bridge Incident" broke out and Peiping fell, and the Japanese Kou learned that Chen Sanli lived in Beiping, well aware of its influence and value, and went to great lengths to send people to lobby, but was strictly rejected. He also sent spies to the gate of the Chen family to spy on him in an attempt to force him to obey, but Chen Sanli was furious and called on the servants to drive them away with brooms.
Since then, the old man has been worried, and then he is bedridden and increasingly haggard. Painstakingly supporting, always "asking questions about war", hoping that good things will appear to turn the corner. One day, it was said: "China is not a Japanese enemy, and it will eventually be conquered." The old man indignantly rebuked him: "Chinese, if the dog is not good, he will eventually let people slaughter him?" He did not speak with his back, was filled with grief and indignation, refused to take medicine, and went on hunger strike for several days. He died on December 31, 2012 at the age of 8
Hu Xianxiao commented in the article "The Poet Chen Sanli" that "he refused to wear clothing with the symbol of servility, and he only remained loyal to the ancient Chinese excellent tradition... Refused to write biographies of Marshal Zhang Zuolin and General Sun Chuanfang, refused to receive generous honorariums... He was a true Confucian scholar who would not betray himself or tarnish his pen under any circumstances. ”
After suffering many blows such as the failure of the law change, the dismissal of his post, and the loss of his father, Chen Sanli vowed not to ask about politics and became the leader of the "same light body" in the poetry circle of the late Qing Dynasty. At the same time, send their children to study abroad and receive advanced Western culture education. Heng Ke carved seals for modern calligraphy and painting, and Yin Ke was a master of modern historiography,...... Among his grandchildren, He was a famous botanist and one of the founders of the Chinese Botanical Garden... The other descendants of the Yining Chen clan, adhering to the family style and extending the world, can also be said to be a gathering of people and continue to write brilliant.