The three-kingdom period writer Li Kang wrote in the "Theory of Destiny":
Wood shows in the forest, and the wind will destroy it; the pile will come out of the shore, and the flow will be turbulent; the deeds will be higher than the people, and the multitudes will not be.
Lao Tzu also said in the Tao Te Ching:
I have three treasures, and I keep them, one is kindness, the other is thriftiness, and the third is not daring to be the first in the world. Kindness can be courageous. Frugality can be broad. Don't dare to be the first in the world, so you can become a long.
In the minds of many people, this has become "the head bird shot out of the gun" and "the rafters that come out of the head rot first".
But there are always some people who have to do something, and because of these things, they become great.
There are always birds who come into this world to do what they are supposed to do, not to hide from guns.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="12" >01 "popular" Su Shi</h1>
In 1057 AD, the second year of jiayou in the Northern Song Dynasty.
In this year, Fan Zhongyan, a famous minister of the Northern Song Dynasty who once wrote the "Record of Yueyang Lou", died, and since then"Wenzheng" has become the highest praise for the literati after their deaths.
In this year, Wang Anshi was still working as a small official in the local area; Su Xun, who was far away in Sichuan, led his two sons Su Shi and Su Rui to Beijing to take the examination.
This year, two disciples of Zhou Dunyi, who wrote the "Sayings of Eileen", Cheng Yi and Cheng Hao, came to the capital, and before taking the exam, they listened to a lecture, and the main speaker was named Zhang Zai.
"Ercheng" and later Zhu Xi created the "Cheng Zhu Lixue", and Zhang Zai shouted out the slogan of "establishing a heart for heaven and earth, establishing a destiny for the people, continuing to learn for the saints, and opening up peace for all the worlds".
In this year, the chief examiner of the imperial examination was Ouyang Xiu, the leader of the literary world, the deputy examiner was Mei Yaochen, the "originator of Song poetry", and Zeng Gong, a student of Ouyang Xiu, also took the examination.
This year's imperial examination was called Zhang Heng, he was the only person who ranked ahead of Su Shi in the township test, the provincial test, and the temple test, and this year, there was another person named Zhang Heng, who was Zhang Heng's uncle.
Because he took the exam with his nephew, the result was that his nephew won the title, although he was also in high school, he still felt very faceless, so he was angry, withdrew from the competition, and re-took the exam.
Nine of the scholars served as prime ministers in this year, so the imperial examination for the second year of Jiayou was called the "first examination of the millennium examination".
After the examination, Ouyang Xiu and Mei Yaochen, as the chief examiners, saw that Su Shi quoted an allusion to Emperor Yao in the article, and the two did not know where they came from, and when Su Shi came to pay respects, Ouyang Xiu asked: Where did this sentence come from.
As a result, Su Shi raised his head and replied: I made it up!
Such a bold momentum made Ouyang Xiu very appreciative, so Ouyang Xiu, as a "generation of Wenzong", made a comment to Su Shi:
"Reading Su Shi's book, I don't feel sweating, and I am fast and fast." The old man should avoid the road and let him out of the place of a head also. ”
Mom, this melon doll is so powerful, I have to make way for him and let him fly higher.
With Ouyang Xiu's praise, Su Shi soon made a name for himself in the literary world.
However, as Ouyang Xiu of Bole, he actually has his own troubles.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="84" >02 guilty of words? </h1>
The civil servants of the Northern Song Dynasty often had the characteristics of "just and upright".
The same was true of Ouyang Xiu.
In that year, Ouyang Xiu served as an advisor.
With his personality, the natural grand duke was selfless, and thus offended many people.
In the third year of the celebratory calendar, Fan Zhongyan implemented the "New Deal for the Celebratory Calendar", and Ouyang Xiu, as a good friend, naturally responded positively.
At that time, the conservatives in the DPRK attacked them as "friends."
As a result, Ouyang Xiu very happily wrote a "Theory of Friends":
However, the courtiers are said to be villains without friends, but gentlemen have them. Why?
The villain's favor is profitable, and the greedy are also rich. When they share the same interests, the Temporary Party regards them as friends, and the hypocrites, and when they see the benefits and compete for the first, or when the benefits are exhausted, they are thieves, although their brothers and relatives cannot protect themselves.
Therefore, the subject is said to be a villain without friends, and he is temporarily a friend, a pseudo-friend.
Not so with a gentleman. The morality of the keeper, the faithfulness of the deeds, and the honor of the despised. With self-cultivation, we benefit from each other in the same way; in the country of things, we help each other with one heart; and we are always the same, and the friends of this gentleman are also the same.
Therefore, he who is a man is a king, but when he is a false friend of a villain, and uses the true friend of a gentleman, then the world will be ruled.
Don't say anything, the brothers are "friends", and the brothers are called "gentlemen's friends".
Such a statement naturally made the political enemies grit their teeth in hatred, but there was no way, who let the big boss Emperor Renzong weigh him heavily.
However, the innovation in history is bound to experience some twists and turns.
Later, the innovation failed, Fan Zhongyun was degraded, and his good friend Teng Zijing sent a picture of himself after repairing yueyang lou, and Fan Zhongyun wrote "Yueyang Lou" with a pen:
The world is worried and worried, and the world is happy and happy.
Broad-minded!
Fan Zhongyan was degraded, and Ouyang Xiu was also caught up in the biggest "incest scandal" of his life.
The reason for the story is that Ouyang Xiu wrote a small poem "Wangjiang Nan, Jiangnan Liu":
Jiangnan willow, leaf small not yin. The man is light and the silk is folded, and the warbler is too tender to groan. Leave it to the depths of spring.
Fourteen and five, idle to find the pipa. Walk up the stairs and down the steps, and pay attention when you see each other. Not to mention today.
About Ouyang Xiu saw a fourteen or fifteen-year-old girl learning to play the pipa, in the early spring, the willow warbler cried, and the little girl jumped up and down the steps holding the pipa.
This is a very fresh and natural scene.
But when it comes to other people, the matter changes its taste.
One day, Ouyang Xiu was shouted into the palace by Emperor Renzong: "Old Ou, how can you do such a thing!" Incest scandal, incorruptibility!
Ouyang Xiu only understood after listening to the emperor's reprimand that someone had accused him of having an "unkind love" with his niece.
Moreover, the person identified was his niece herself.
Well, the affairs of men and women have always been extremely private, and once they are made public, it is often difficult for the authorities to prove their innocence.
His niece identified him as "incest," as evidenced by the little words he had written.
Ouyang Xiu was confused, where to reason.
This niece was born to his sister's deceased husband Zhang Guizheng and his ex-wife, and after her husband's death, her sister came with her 5-year-old daughter to defect.
The kind Ouyang Xiu took the mother and daughter in, and when the niece grew up, he also gave the promise to his distant nephew Ouyang Sheng.
It is said that this niece was not very careful, so she had collusion with her subordinates, and Ouyang Sheng, in a fit of rage, sent his wife to Kaifeng Province.
At that time, the name of the Kaifeng governor was Yang Riyan.
Coincidentally, Yang Riyan was impeached by Ouyang Xiu that year, and he saw that Ouyang Xiu's niece was sent in, so there was a story behind it.
According to the Notes of the Song Dynasty, some people said that it was because the niece, in order to alleviate the crime, talked nonsense, mentioning that Ouyang Xiu had ulterior motives for himself when he was not married, so he was used by political enemies to play a false accusation.
Others say it was because her niece was beaten up in prison.
No matter what the matter was, this matter still had a great impact on Ouyang Xiu.
Although Ouyang Xiu was later dismissed from the charge of "incest" under the outspoken words of an upright official, he was eventually deposed as The Governor of Chuzhou.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="94" >03 drunkard</h1>
After watching more of the experiences of literati, sometimes I have to feel that suffering is the greatest tempering of talent.
Sima Qian once said in the Book of Baoren An:
King Wen performed "Zhou Yi"; Zhongni'er wrote "Spring and Autumn"; Qu Yuan exiled, Naifu "Leaving Sorrow"; Zuo Qiu was blind and had "Chinese"; Sun Tzu's feet were blinded, and the "Art of War" was revised; Bu Wei Qianshu, the hereditary "Lü Lan"; Han Fei imprisoned Qin, "Speaking Difficulty", "Lonely Anger"; "Poems" three hundred, most of which were also the works of Xiansheng's anger.
Those great people in history, because they have experienced suffering, have blossomed into a different kind of brilliance.
During the Northern Song Dynasty, Su Shi was degraded and wrote countless classic poems as a result, while Ouyang Xiu was demoted to Chuzhou, where he governed very harmoniously, and in his spare time, he and his friends traveled to the suburbs.
There, there is a pavilion.
The pavilion was seen by the monk Zhixian, and the people invited Ouyang Xiu to name the pavilion.
Ouyang Xiu picked up the pen, pondered for a moment, and wrote down the "Drunken Pavilion Record" with a stroke of the pen:
The meaning of drunkenness is not in wine, but also in the mountains and rivers. The joy of the landscape, the heart and the wine of the apartment.
This short travelogue has been passed down through the ages.
Those classic travelogue works are never because of how amazing and brilliant the author uses in them, but because in them, there is a full of emotion.
Reading "The Tale of drunken Pavilion", even if it is thousands of years away, you can still read Ouyang Xiu's mood and emotional ups and downs at that time.
The most beautiful words are often because they record an emotion that is never cut off by time and space.
This is the charm of literary poetry.
Some people say that the best state of a person is that his eyes are full of stories, but his face is not full of wind and frost.
In the hard journey of life, we will not go all the way, but it is important to be able to take the next step firmly in those bumpy encounters.
Perhaps, this is the enlightenment that Ouyang Xiu gave us.