Fugua Duanyan Fu Qi Sheng Wen / Black Wang Hui

Fugua pattern end stone

　　"Duanzhou masonry is as skillful as a god, stepping on the sky to sharpen the knife to cut the purple cloud." The servant hugged the water and filled her lips, and the cold blood marks of Cang hong were darkly sprinkled. The yarn curtain warms the ink flower spring in the day, and the lightly floating foam pine musk lavender. These verses are excerpted from the Tang Dynasty poet Li He's "Yang Sheng Qinghua Purple Stone Yan Song", depicting an image of a Yantai. Because this kind of Yantai came from Duanxi in Duanzhou (today's Zhaoqing, Guangdong), it was called Duanyan, and it was called "The Four Famous Yans of China" together with Gansu Taoyan, Anhui Sheyan and Shanxi Chengniyan.

　　According to historical records, Duan Yan was first collected during the Wude period of the Tang Dynasty. By the time of Wu Zetian, Duan Yan had become a tribute, and Empress Wu Zetian had given the famous Minister Di Renjie the Duan Yan carved with five-star beaded ornaments. When Li Zhao, a scholar who lived in the late Tang Dynasty, wrote the Supplement to the History of the State, he wrote: "Duanzhou Purple Stone Stone, no noble and lowly in the world." "It seems that at that time, the amount of mining of Duan yan was still relatively large, and it was relatively cheap, and both rich and poor could buy it. During the Northern Song Dynasty, with the development of the economy and the enrichment of the spiritual world of the literati, Duan yan not only became a permanent object of the literary room, but also had the value of appreciation and collection, and became an important object for the comparative evaluation of literati and inkers. Therefore, during this period, Duanyan began to be enriched in both shape and ornamentation, so that the "Duanxi Yan Genealogy" written during the Southern Song Dynasty Gaozong Shaoxing period included nearly fifty styles. Ouyang Xiu, Su Dongpo, Mi Fu and other university scholars were all loyal fans of Duan Yan, and successively wrote poems for Duan Yan. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, the importance of Duan yan reached an unprecedented level, on the one hand, the literary and noble nobles liked to collect ancient stones, on the other hand, in the use of materials, pay attention to the shape of the stone, on the basis of natural stone, natural ornaments on the basis of a little carving, to the Duan Yan to bring a fresh and elegant wind.

　　The author has a Ming Dynasty duanyan in my collection, which is oval in shape, 15.1 cm long, 9.3 cm wide and 3.5 cm thick. On the surface of the yantai, there are relief leaves and vines, and on the vines are a fat and fat fukua. The heart of the stone is on the fugua, because of its age, the number of people who handle it is very large, the number of times it is used, the wear of the heart looks like a fire that is rotating counterclockwise. Above the Fugua, around the Yanxin, there are stars and dots, which set off the Yanxin, just like the stars in the sky setting off a round bright moon.

　　Fugua is a kind of round pumpkin, looks like the incense burner commonly used in the temple, so it is also called incense burner pumpkin, which also looks like a lantern, so it is called "lantern melon". Fugua has a beautiful shape, good color, great ornamental value, and the name is full of blessings and excellent meaning, so it has become a commonly used decorative theme in the folk. Jade jade has a Fugua pendant, a harmonic Fu hanging, porcelain has a Fugua ornament, which means the spread of blessings, boundless, and another Fugua-shaped porcelain, which means ShengFu Nafu. This Fang Duan Yan takes the Fugua as the theme, and also expresses the wish of the maker, hoping that the owner can come with purple qi, be blessed, and enjoy happiness like the sea after using this stone.