The famous person in history today , the dramatist Brecht

Brecht and Mei Lanfang

Bertold Brecht, a famous German dramatist and poet, died on 14 August 1956.

Berto Brecht was born on 10 February 1898 in Augsburg, Bavaria. His father was the director of a paper factory, and his mother suffered from breast cancer at a young age. As a child, Brecht was a frail child, who was sent to a nursing home due to congenital heart disease, went to the church at the age of six to study in the primary school, received latin and humanities education, and began to write during the school period, becoming the publisher and editor of the student magazine Harvest. At the age of sixteen he began writing for local newspapers and wrote his first play, The Bible.

In 1917, Brecht went to Munich to study medicine at the Ludwig-Maximilian University, where he attended Artu Kucher's theatrical studies, during which time he began to write the play "Barr".

Before becoming a dramatist in Munich, Brecht found a job writing a play review at a newspaper, The Will of the People. In 1922 Brecht's Midnight Drums was staged in theaters in Munich and Berlin, where brecht won the prestigious Kleist Award for Best Young Playwright. Brecht also began to stabilize his relationships, marrying opera singer Marianne at the age of 24. The following year they gave birth to their first daughter, Hannah. After moving to Berlin in 1924, he met the Viennese communist actress Helena Weigel and pursued him actively. Helena also bore him an illegitimate child named Steinfen. Brecht later met Elizabeth Hauptmann and worked with her. Brecht divorced Mariana in 1926 and married Helena in 1929. In 1933, he was exiled to the European continent for 15 years due to Nazi persecution in Germany. He returned to Germany in 1947 and settled in East Berlin in 1948. In 1951, he was awarded a national prize for his contributions to theatre. In 1955, he was awarded the Lenin Peace Prize. On August 14, 1956, while studying Beckett's Waiting for Godot, he died of a heart attack and was buried in the Doroyan Cemetery in Berlin.

China's theater theory circles call the theatrical theories of Stanislavsky, Mei Lanfang and Brecht as the world's three major theatrical performance systems.

1. Stanislavsky's performance system emphasizes the principle of realism, advocating that the actor and the role are one, and the actor should be immersed in the emotions of the role.

2. Brecht's performance system promotes a new theory and method of acting, that is, the "separation method". As far as the performance method is concerned, the "divisive method" emphasizes the rational factor in the performance, requiring the actor to maintain a certain distance from the role, do not integrate the two into one, and the actor should be higher than the role, control the role, and perform the role.

3. Mei Lanfang's drama system, that is, the Chinese opera performance system. It differs from Stanislavsky's realism, but rather a freehand performance. For example, the closing of the door on the stage does not need to be set up another door, as long as the actor does an image of the closing action can achieve accuracy and perfection.

The three major performance systems are the concept of drama theory proposed by China, and Mei Lanfang's performance system still needs more theory support.

Brecht's love poems

Remembering Mary Ann

It was a blue September day

I was in the slender shadow of a plum tree

Quietly put my arms around her, my lover is like this

Pale and silent, as if it were an immortal dream

Above us, in the bright summer air

There was a cloud, and my eyes stared at it for a long time

It was white, tall and far from us

When I looked up, I saw that it was gone

Since that day, a lot of moons

Quietly move across the sky and fall

The plum trees were probably cut down for firewood

And if you ask, what happened to that love?

I must admit: I really can't remember

Yet I know what you're trying to say

I don't know what her face looks like

All I know is: I kissed her that day

As for that kiss, I had long forgotten

But the cloud that floated in the air

I still remember, and I will never forget

It was white and moved in the air very high

Those plum trees may still be blooming

The woman may have had a seventh child

However, the cloud only appeared for a few minutes

When I looked up, it was gone