Zhang Wentian, formerly known as Ying Gao, former pseudonym Luofu, character Wentian, was born in August 1900 in Nanhui County, Jiangsu Province. In 1914, Zhang Wentian was admitted to the Jiangsu Provincial Aquatic School, in 1916, he entered Pudong Middle School, and in 1917, he went to Nanjing Hehai Engineering College to study.
From 1920 to 1923, he studied and worked in Tokyo, Japan, and San Francisco, USA. He joined the Communist Party of China in Shanghai in June 1925. In the winter of the same year, he was sent to Moscow Sun Yat-sen University and the Red Professors' Institute to study knowledge, and served as a teaching assistant, translator, and reporter of the Eastern Department of the Comintern.
He returned to Shanghai in February 1931 and soon became the head of the Propaganda Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. In the summer of the same year, the Comintern decided to establish a provisional Central Committee, and he was appointed as a member of the Provisional Politburo and a member of the Politburo Standing Committee. In 1933, he entered the Central Revolutionary Base Area, and in January 1934, he was elected as a member of the Politburo and the Secretariat of the Central Committee at the Fifth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, and in October of the same year, he participated in the Long March and attended the Zunyi Conference. After the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, he was concurrently appointed as the president of the Yan'an Marxist-Leninist College in May 1938.
After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, he went to work in the northeast and became the secretary of the Provincial Party Committee of Hejiang Province in the spring of 1946. In the spring of 1948, he was appointed as a member of the Standing Committee and Director of the Organization Department of the Northeast Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, and deputy director of the Northeast Financial and Economic Committee. In the following year, he was transferred to the secretary of the Liaodong Provincial Party Committee, and made contributions to the opening up and construction of the northeast base area.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he worked on the diplomatic front. In April 1951, he became ambassador to the Soviet Union, and at the end of 1954 he returned to China as First Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs. He was mistakenly identified as a member of the anti-Party clique in 1959 and suffered a shock during the Cultural Revolution, where he died on July 1, 1976. In August 1979, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China rehabilitated Zhaoxue.
Zhang Wentian's wife is Liu Ying, her original name is Zheng Jie, born in Changsha in 1905. He joined the Communist Party of China in 1925 and served as secretary of the party branch of Changsha Normal School and director of the Women's Department of the Hunan Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China. After 1929, he studied at the China Labor University and the International Radio School in Moscow, and after returning to China in 1932, he served as the secretary of the Fujian Provincial Committee of the Communist Youth League, and the director of the Propaganda Department and the Organization Department of the Central Bureau of the Young Communist Party. In 1934, he participated in the Long March, served as the director of the Political Department of the Third Echelon, the secretary general of the Central Team, and after arriving in northern Shaanxi, he served as the director of the Propaganda Department of the Central Bureau of the Communist Youth League and the director of the Secretariat of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. In the autumn of 1935, he formed a revolutionary partnership with Zhang Wentian in northern Shaanxi.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he served as assistant minister of foreign affairs, deputy representative to the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations, counselor of the Embassy in the Soviet Union, member of the Party Committee of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, assistant minister and director of the Personnel Department, secretary of the Ministry of Supervision, member of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, and member of the Standing Committee of the Fifth National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. He died in Beijing on August 26, 2002 at the age of 97. They had an only son, Zhang Hongsheng.
Zhang Hongsheng was born in 1939 in Dihua, Xinjiang. When he was young, he was sent to his hometown for foster care, and at the age of 3, Zhang Hongsheng was arrested and imprisoned with Chen Tanqiu, Mao Zemin, Lin Jilu and a group of other people, and worked as a small political prisoner for four years. I saw my father for the first time at the age of 10. In 1957, 18-year-old Zhang Hongsheng graduated from high school. In response to the call to go to the countryside, with the support of his father Zhang Wentian and his mother Liu Ying, he signed up to go to a youth farm on the outskirts of Beijing to "be a new generation of farmers". In 1962, he was put on a "right-leaning" hat at the Beijing Normal College where he was studying, characterized as a "bad student," and was dropped out of school and sent to the Xinjiang Construction Corps To work in the First Agricultural Division. Planted fields, drove carts, and herded cattle. When the father died, the son did not see the last side of the father. After Zhang Wentian was rehabilitated, Zhang Hongsheng was assigned to work in the library of Nanjing University until his retirement in 1997.
Zhang Wentian also wanted to live the original wife in his hometown. When he was 18 years old, he became intimate with a kind and hard-working local woman, Wei Yuelian, under the arrangement of his parents. Soon after his marriage, he returned to Nanjing to continue his studies and actively participated in the May Fourth New Culture Movement, and then traveled east to Japan and then to the United States. After returning to China, he devoted all his energy to literary creation. In 1925, he joined the Communist Party of China in Shanghai and embarked on the revolutionary road from then on. Wei Yuelian has given birth to two daughters for Zhang Wen: the eldest daughter Zhang Weiying and the second daughter Zhang Yindi. The eldest daughter, Zhang Weiying, lives in Shanghai and is an ordinary person. The second daughter, Zhang Yindi, worked as a typist in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 1953. In 1955, when the central government called on all directly subordinate organs to streamline their institutions, Zhang Wentian asked his daughter to take the lead in leaving the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and returning to Shanghai to work as an ordinary clerk in a bicycle factory.