On March 26, 2021, "Fang Hua Yong Zai - Jin Opera Master Ding Guoxian Historical Video Exhibition" was grandly launched at the Guandi Temple at No. 88 Nanxiao Wall in Taiyuan. During this period, it received great attention from theater practitioners, opera fans, and ordinary citizens, and the visitors flocked to the scene, where the citizens recalled the time when they watched the drama when they were young, the appearance of the old Taiyuan Theater, the story of living in a courtyard with Ding Guoxian, the same stage with Ding Guoxian, and the situation of going to school at the Taiyuan Drama School... It's like one old Taiyuan memory salon after another. Time travels, the years are like songs, and a generation recalls the dreams of a generation. And Master Ding Guoxian is always worth remembering.
The costume that Ding Guoxian wore
With a love for Jin opera and his admiration for Master Ding Guoxian, Duan Xingwang, a fan of the play, interviewed hundreds of people, collected thousands of materials related to Ding Guoxian, and supplemented and improved Ding Guoxian's life. It is basically determined that Ding Guoxian was born in Hanlinzhuang Village, Wangkou Town, Shulu County (now Xinji City), Hebei Province. Ding Guoxian was born on the fifth day of the first month of March 1909, the father of Qian Liufeng, and the mother of Liu Ni.
In the 1950s and 1960s, it was the period of development, inheritance and prosperity of theater culture, and it was also during this period that Ding Guoxian passed on her life's learning to future generations, and her art, her character, and her spirit have been learned by future generations and have become a role model for generations to come.
Ding Guoxian instructs students in opera movements
Ding Guoxian, a famous performance artist of Jin opera, was formerly known as Ding Buyun, and his stage name was "Guozihong". The "Ding Pai" singing voice she created for Jin opera Xusheng has pushed the performing arts of Jin opera Xusheng to a new stage, with the reputation of "Shanxi Zizi King".
People will grow old, drama will not grow old; people will die, but opera, as a part of the long river of human history and culture, is like a stream and a giant river, converging into the sea, it will never die; if Shanxi Jin opera is the melting pot of traditional Chinese culture, Ding Guoxian is the amber that does not melt in this furnace. In people's hearts, she is still alive and will never be buried by popular elements such as trendy songs and fresh fashion.
In 2012, he held a concert to commemorate ding guoxian jin opera masters
After the founding of New China, Ding Guoxian led the vast number of artists of Jin opera to participate in the democratic reform movement with her exemplary actions, and formed a new type of art group headed by her, the Taiyuan "New New Theater Troupe". Participated in condolence performances on the front lines to North Korea and Fujian. In art, she is unremitting and strives to climb new heights. Her artistic achievements have been appreciated by the people and highly valued by the party and the state.
Ding Guoxian when participating in the condolence performance
After 1949, she successively served as the head of the Taiyuan Jin Opera Troupe, the vice president of the Shanxi Jin Theater, the principal of the Taiyuan Opera School, and the principal of the Shanxi Provincial Opera School. He joined the Communist Party of China in April 1959. She is a member of the Standing Committee of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd CPPCC National Committee of Shanxi Province, and a deputy to the 1st and 2nd People's Congress of Shanxi Province.
In September 1952, Ding Guoxian participated in the country's first opera observation performance, and her performances of "Hitting the Golden Branch" and "Butterfly Cup" caused a sensation in Beijing and won the first prize for performance. "Hitting the Golden Branch" has also become a bright pearl in the crown of Jin opera art. At that time, he was personally received by Premier Zhou.
Premier Zhou
In 1955, she starred in "Hitting the Golden Branch" and was made into a movie. In 1956, she was received by Chairman Mao and sang a passage of "Ode to Orange" from the Jin opera transplant play Qu Yuan to Chairman Mao. When the Kunqu opera "Fifteen Guans" was staged in Beijing, Premier Zhou invited her to Zhongnanhai by name to attend a conference, and she listened to Premier Zhou's important speech on literary and artistic issues. After that, she became more active in the jin opera reform activities.
Chairman Mao shook hands cordially with Ding Guoxian
In addition to doing a lot of new work on the traditional repertoire of Jin opera, it has also made many useful attempts to perform modern opera. Wang Renhou, an old poor peasant played in "Blood and Tears Vengeance", an old teacher who played in "Flowers Under the Red Flag", and the ugly Dan Chen Kuaileg in "Little Son-in-Law", all won the praise of the audience, and in 1962, the literary and art circles of Shanxi Province and Taiyuan City solemnly held the "Ding Guoxian Stage Career 40th Anniversary Commemoration Activity" to commend her artistic achievements. At that time, Ding Guoxian delivered a nearly one-hour report speech, and the passionate speech won bursts of applause, and Ding Guoxian claimed that when he caught up with the good times, he must follow the party and be the most industrious opera gardener of the party and the people. At the end of the speech, Ding Guo also said: "I would like to thank the senior artists who have helped me for a long time, the brothers, sisters and staff who performed with me on the same stage, and the comrades who love Shanxi Zizi." I still have to live to be eighty years old, and even to be more than ninety years old like Old Man Qi Baishi. ”
Niu Guiying Cheng Yuying Ma Yulou
After the Cultural Revolution began, Ding Guoxian was beaten as a "cow ghost snake god".
The "Cultural Revolution" was broken, traditional plays could not be sung, only modern operas could be sung, the gates of the Jin Theater were smashed, and Ding Guoxian's home was also raided. At that time, Duan Xingwang lived in his sister's house during the winter vacation, and one day he saw many things that were thrown out at the door of the Jin Theater, and when he saw the name of Ding Guoxian, he packed these things back, there were photos, documents, forms, records, and so on. At this point, he began his lifelong arduous journey of collecting all the information of Ding Guoxian.
Fans of the play duan thrive
Later, in the process of watching the play, he met Liu Baojun, learned that Liu Baojun was Ding Guoxian's apprentice, and talked about picking things at the door of the Jin Theater. Liu Baojun also talked about the process of his master's criticism during the "Cultural Revolution". At that time, Ding Guoxian's home had been looted by the people who came to criticize her, including all the information about Jin opera, the articles written by Ren Xiufeng, and some valuable things. A generation of Jin opera masters at that time can be described as poor and poor, hungry and cold. During this period, ding guoxian's closest disciples also often visited their mentors. At that time, Ding Guoxian was locked up in a small house in the Provincial Drama School of Milk Shengtang, with two big dogs on a leash at the door, and no one could get close. Liu Baojun's son is not afraid of dogs, so Liu Baojun bought old tofu and eggs for his son to send. Every day when criticizing the fight, Liu Baojun was afraid that others would recognize him, so he wrapped himself tightly in a scarf, only showing his eyes, and followed behind the big truck pulling Ding Guoxian, crying all the way. The most hateful thing was that the "Red Guards" who participated in the fight against Ding Guoxian at that time were some of the students who had taught Ding Guoxian to sing opera.
After surviving the ups and downs until nearly 1972, Ding Guoxian's emphysema worsened, because the fog of the Cultural Revolution had not yet dissipated. Admitted to the hospital for treatment, coupled with the physical and mental destruction, the old lady was a bit unable to hold on. In the early morning of the second day of the Chinese New Year in 1972, he left this world forever with full of regrets.
According to duan xingwang's many research, Ding Guoxian died on the second day of the Chinese New Year in 1972, and when he died, only the nanny Liu Aiying was around. (There are more detailed versions, and I will not repeat them here)
Liu Aiying walked from the Milk Birth Hall to the home of the Temple of Heaven and Earth to report the letter. Ding Guoxian's husband, Ren Xiufeng, rushed to the hospital, searched Ding Guoxian's body first, found the 28 yuan he carried with him, and put it back on himself. Later, he and his ex-wife's son Ren Jiliang and Ding Guoxian's son Qingxi (Wang Jingcheng) used a three-wheeled flatbed to pull the old lady home, and at six o'clock Ding Guoxian's son came to find Comrade Wang Yi of the Enlightened Photo Studio. Because during the Cultural Revolution, the photos in Ding Guoxian's home were basically copied away. At that time, Wang Yi had a lot of photos of Ding Guoxian in his home, and he wanted to choose one to use as a posthumous portrait. Wang Yi hurried to Ding Guoxian's house and sat with Ren Xiufeng for a while to discuss how to deal with the aftermath. After coming out, Wang Yi met Liu Baojun. Chinese New Year's Eve Liu Baojun visited Master and sent dumplings to Master, because the family was busy at the beginning of the New Year, he did not go to the hospital, and was about to rush to the hospital to visit Master. Wang Yi informed his master that he had died of illness and was transported home. Liu Baojun, who was extremely sad, quickly informed Wu Zhong and Yan Huizhen and his wife. They came to Master's house and changed Ding Guoxian's clothes. Yan Huizhen and Liu Baojun each put a sock on their master to cover their injured feet.
Ding Guoxian stills
A generation of grandmasters thus completed their last journey. As a result of Liu Baojun's application and many appeals, Guo Shixing (later deputy director of the Shanxi Provincial Department of Culture), who was still an officer of the Cultural Affairs Bureau at the time, approached Wang Daren, the executive secretary of the Shanxi Provincial Party Committee, and agreed to publish an obituary in the newspaper to Ding Guoxian. The obituary at that time was also drafted by Guo Shixing. Because of the special social background at that time, without obituary, it showed that it was still a "cow, ghost, snake god", and it was impossible to hold a memorial service, and no one dared to mourn.
At that time, the provincial leader Wang Daren attended Ding Guoxian's memorial service, as well as Ding Guoxian's disciples and many of Ding Guoxian's colleagues in the opera industry during his lifetime. After the body was cremated, it was first placed near the Twin Pagoda Temple. Later, Ren Xiufeng's son transported the ashes back to his hometown in Xinzhou to be temporarily buried in Linggui Village (the reason for the "temporary" is not described).
After smashing the "Gang of Four," the party and the government completely rehabilitated Ding Guoxian. In 1979, a symposium on the "70th Anniversary of Ding Guoxian's Birth" was held, and Guo Shixing made a report to the provincial party committee and approved a piece of land for Ding Guoxian near the Twin Pagoda Temple, which moved the master's ashes back from Xinzhou. On January 14, 1981, the relevant departments held a solemn burial ceremony for Ding Guoxian at the Taiyuan Twin Pagoda Temple Martyrs' Cemetery. Provincial leaders Wang Daren and Liu Shuxia attended the ceremony. Literary and art circles Ma Feng, Li Shuli, Xi Rong, Sun Qian, Hu Zheng; dramatists Jia Ke, Deng Yan, Zhang Huan, Zhang Wanyi; painters Li Qun Music and Jia Xia Hongfei also came to mourn and reminisce. Ding Guoxian's friends and disciples also came to commemorate it. In 2006, the cemetery expired and was reburied, and people from the literary and art circles in the provincial city, drama colleagues and opera lovers participated in this activity. In 2020, in accordance with the unified planning of Taiyuan City's urban construction and the requirements for the construction of the Twin Towers Scenic Area, the Shanxi Jin Theater held a ceremony for the relocation of the tomb of Jin opera master Ding Guoxian at the Taiyuan New Twin Towers Revolutionary Cemetery on April 22. The ceremony was short and solemn, and everyone presented flowers to Master Ding Guoxian one after another, expressing the memory and respect of Jin opera workers for Mr. Ding Guoxian.
Tomb of Ding Guoxian
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