Skinner's system of operational behaviorism

The following is the content of the second part of the third chapter of behaviorist development theory compiled by Xiao Aoi for everyone

Skinner's system of operational behaviorism

(1) A perfect experimental analysis of behavior is actually a behavioral technique that relies on behavioral techniques to manipulate behavior for a certain purpose.

Behaviors can be divided into responding and manipulative behaviors.

Manipulative behavior is spontaneous and by no means triggered by stimuli, and the study of manipulative behavior does not examine the factors that may affect the occurrence of behavior within the body but cannot be directly determined, and operational behavior is not a separate reaction but a type of reaction.

(2) Reinforcement is the core concept of operational behaviorism, and reinforcement is the stimulation that enables organisms to enhance the frequency of behavior in the learning process.

Reinforcement is divided into continuous reinforcement and intermittent reinforcement, fixed reinforcement and occasional reinforcement, positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement.

Children's behavior can be shaped by reinforcement.

Whether it is positive reinforcement or negative reinforcement, the result is an enhanced probability of response.

Positive reinforcement is due to the addition of a stimulus, and negative reinforcement is due to the exclusion of a stimulus.

(3) Behavior Shaping: Skinner calls the process of gradual acquisition of the operational behaviors that people want to learn as shaping, also known as the approach method.

The unit of measurement for operational behavior is the rate of response.

In order to control children's behavior, the research work should specifically consider changes in four conditions: the first baseline, the first laboratory, the second baseline, and the second experimental period.

Skinner advocates the use of procedural pedagogy, which embodies its principles of small steps forward, active participation, and timely feedback.