<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="159" > foreword: Time magazine once commented on Deng Xiaoping, saying that he changed the world. As a very tough person who dared to fight, Deng Xiaoping did not hesitate to face the "Iron Lady" Thatcher. Such a person who is more "iron" than the "Iron Lady", who can become his best friend? Interested partners don't forget to like and pay attention, let's explore it together! </h1>
Comrade Deng Xiaoping
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="114" > pro-pro</h1>
They were both compatriots and comrades-in-arms, and both contributed their strength to China's revolutionary cause.
When it comes to Deng Xiaoping's friends, I believe many people will think of Nie Rongzhen. Both are from Sichuan and have worked together for more than 70 years. The friendship between them has experienced ups and downs. Nie Rongzhen was five years older than Deng Xiaoping and was born in 1899 in Jiangjin County, Sichuan Province. Nie Rongzhen has been very fond of reading since he was a child, and often tells his classmates that when he grows up, he will make contributions to the rise of the Chinese nation. After the outbreak of the May Fourth Movement, Nie Rongzhen was hunted down for actively participating in various patriotic movements, and then went to France for work-study.
When he was a child, Deng Xiaoping was named Deng Xiansheng by his parents, and when he went to school, he changed his name to Deng Xixian. It was not until 1927, when the first Kuomintang-Communist cooperation broke down, that it was renamed Deng Xiaoping. In 1920, under the influence of the May Fourth Movement, Deng Xiaoping decided to go to France for work-study. It was also during his work-study in France that Deng Xiaoping became acquainted with Nie Rongzhen. After arriving in Paris. Among the people who welcomed them was a Fellow from Sichuan, and he was Nie Rongzhen. From that day on, these two Fellow Sichuan compatriots. They forged a deep friendship, and for more than 70 years, they both regarded each other as confidants.
Young Deng Xiaoping
During his stay in France, just after the end of the First World War, the economies of Western countries were depressed and unemployment was gradually rising. These work-study students, who came to France, soon lost their jobs and were forced to drop out. In order to continue their studies, they went to find new jobs, and most of them went to work in factories all over France, as did Deng Xiaoping.
Under this harsh reality, students also experienced the cruelty of Western capitalist society. Not only do they face unemployment and school dropouts, but more seriously, and they can also die of hunger or even death. After a series of struggles to temper and test, the political consciousness of these work-study students in France has been greatly enhanced, coupled with their very deep feelings about the decay of the capitalist system and a deeper understanding of the bourgeoisie, a group of advanced young people have firmly chosen communism in the process of seeking truth.
In June 1922, Zhou Enlai, Zhao Shiyan and others organized the establishment of the Young Communist Party of China in Europe. Soon Nie Rongzhen, Deng Xiaoping and a number of other progressive students joined the European branch, and since then Nie Rongzhen and Deng Xiaoping have not only been fellow villagers, but also comrades-in-arms. In the same year, Nie Rongzhen went to Belgium to study. In 1923, Nie Rongzhen joined the Communist Party of China, and the following year, Deng Xiaoping successfully joined the Communist Party of China. Later, according to the arrangements of the party organization, Nie Rongzhen transferred to the Soviet Union to study, and did not return to China until 1927.
After returning to China, they threw themselves into the forefront of the Chinese revolution and participated in the civil revolutionary war. In 1926, Nie Rongzhen participated in the Northern Expedition. After the collapse of the first Kuomintang-Communist cooperation, Deng Xiaoping followed the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to Shanghai. Nie Rongzhen participated in leading the August 1 Nanchang Uprising and the Guangzhou Uprising. In 1929, Deng Xiaoping went to Guangxi under a pseudonym to lead the Baise Uprising.
After the outbreak of the Longzhou Uprising, the Eighth Army of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army was formed. Nie Rongzhen and Deng Xiaoping fought together again, and they successively entered the Central Soviet Region and took part in our party's struggle against encirclement and suppression. After the failure of the fifth anti-"encirclement and suppression" campaign, Deng Xiaoping followed the Red Army and began the Long March. Before the Long March crossed the meadows, Deng Xiaoping was transferred from secretary general of the Central Committee to the Red First Army as propaganda minister. At this time, the political commissar of the Red First Army was Nie Rongzhen. From then until the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japan, Deng Xiaoping and Nie Rongzhen fought together.
Once, Deng Xiaoping in Gansu fell seriously ill. In his coma, Deng Xiaoping could not eat anything, and the situation was very critical. At that time, Zhang Xueliang and the Communist United Front sent two truckloads of condolences, including some milk. When Nie Rongzhen saw this, he immediately decided to give all the milk to Deng Xiaoping. Deng's daughter said that Deng Xiaoping survived on the milk.
The War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression
In 1955, Nie Rongzhen was awarded the rank of marshal. For a long time after that, Nie Rongzhen was in charge of the scientific and technological work of the state and the army. Especially for the two bombs and one star, a lot of energy was poured. Deng Xiaoping always attached great importance to scientific and technological work, and he once proposed that "science and technology is the primary productive force" and gave great support to Nie Rongzhen's work.
After the 1980s, Deng Xiaoping voluntarily demanded that he retire from leadership positions. When Nie Rongzhen learned about it, he felt very sorry. Deng Xiaoping rarely went out after he retired, but he still visited Nie Rongzhen frequently, and the topic of conversation between the two was never separated from the party, the state, the people and the army.
On Nie Rongzhen's 92nd birthday, Deng Xiaoping's wife Zhuo Lin went to visit Nie Rongzhen on behalf of Deng Xiaoping, and Nie Rongzhen's heart also remembered Deng Xiaoping. He said to Zhuo Lin that he must say hello to Xiaoping for me when he goes back. In early 1992, Deng Xiaoping made an important speech on his southern tour. Nie Rongzhen asked the secretary to read the contents of Deng Xiaoping's speech repeatedly, and if he did not hear clearly, he would carefully inquire about it, and then ask the secretary to read it again word by word. After listening to Deng Xiaoping's speech, Nie Rongzhen was deeply touched.
In April 1992, Nie Rongzhen became seriously ill, and he asked his secretary to bring the radio and record his last words. Nie Rongzhen said that he had joined the Communist Party of China for more than 70 years and had also struggled all his life for the cause of the party and the people; although he had not made great contributions to the party, the tasks entrusted to him by the party had been satisfactorily accomplished, and he also very much agreed with Deng Xiaoping's policy of reform and opening up. Nie Rongzhen's last words showed an old Communist Party member's love for the country and the people and his trust in Deng Xiaoping!
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="128" > intimate confidant</h1>
During Deng Xiaoping's study in France, in addition to Nie Rongzhen, he also gained a confidant.
Long before Deng Xiaoping went to France, Li Fuchun had already come to France. During his stay in France, Li Fuchun often made field trips to the French workers' movement and organized students studying in France to participate in various patriotic movements. Later, Li Fuchun became acquainted with Marxists such as Cai and Sen. In 1922, the "Young Communist Party of China in Europe" was established, and Li Fuchun was one of the initiators.
Deng Xiaoping and Li Fuchun
The "Young Communist Party of China in Europe" was organized by Zhou Enlai. Although Zhou Enlai came to France later than Deng Xiaoping, his goal was clear. After the two met, Deng Xiaoping was deeply attracted by Zhou Enlai's ideas. He affectionately called Zhou Enlai "Big Brother." Under the influence of Zhou Enlai, Deng Xiaoping's ideological realm was greatly improved.
While in France, Deng Xiaoping worked with Li Fuchun and was responsible for propagating communism. The ideas of Li Fuchun and other advanced classmates deeply attracted Deng Xiaoping and made him firm in his desire to devote himself to the revolution. In 1923, Li Fuchun and Cai Hesen's sister Cai Chang married in France. During his time in France, Deng Xiaoping lived with Li Fuchun and Cai Chang. Li Fuchun and Cai Chang regarded the young Deng Xiaoping as a younger brother and were like a family. Deng Xiaoping's daughter also affectionately called Cai Chang "Mother Cai", which shows the deep friendship between Deng Xiaoping and Li Fuchun.
Although the days of several people in France were bitter, they were also full of passion. After the Kuomintang began its first cooperation, Nie Rongzhen went to the Soviet Union to study, and Deng Xiaoping also returned home. Since Deng Xiaoping was not yet an important leader of the Party Central Committee at this time, at first, Deng Xiaoping's name did not appear on the transfer list of the headquarters. It was at this time that Li Fuchun was working in the Political Department, and after his persuasion, Deng Xiaoping joined the ranks of the Long March.
Deng Xiaoping and Zhuo Lin
In 1939, Deng Xiaoping and Zhuo Lin decided to marry, and the two married in a cave in Yan'an. Although the wedding was very simple and the table was still made of wooden planks, everyone's hearts were full of enthusiasm, and Chairman Mao also came to attend the wedding of the two. The people who came to the wedding were all dressed in plain Eighth Route Army uniforms, and these long-standing revolutionary fighters also played with their hearts and began to play tricks on the groom's officials.
In the face of the enthusiasm of the crowd, Deng Xiaoping naturally could not resign, and almost had to drink with respect. For the sake of his friend's health, Li Fuchun quietly put white water into a bottle and asked Deng Xiaoping to "toast" everyone. Everyone looked at Deng Xiaoping's "a thousand cups not drunk" and admired his amount of alcohol. Later, I learned that it was Li Fuchun who came up with this idea and helped Deng Xiaoping to cover up.
After the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japan, Deng Xiaoping and Li Fuchun went their separate ways for the revolution. Deng Xiaoping went to the 129th Division to command the soldiers and fought bloody battles against the enemy. Li Fuchun, on the other hand, remained in Yan'an and took on the role of financial worker. Deng Xiaoping had contact with not few people in his lifetime, but those who could be called close friends were these three friends who worked and studied together.
In 1952, Deng Xiaoping was transferred to Beijing as vice premier of the Council of State. At that time, Deng Xiaoping and Nie Rongzhen were neighbors, and the two families often walked together and talked. Every time Deng Xiaoping brought his family to "rub rice", Nie Rongzhen would always take out the snacks from his hometown to entertain his friends. Deng Xiaoping also often brought kimchi made at home to Nie Rongzhen.
Two years later, Mr. Li became a colleague of Mr. Deng's. Once again, Deng Xiaoping lived with his "brother." At work, the two help each other. In life, the two families often get together for entertainment. Deng Xiaoping's daughter said that when she went to Uncle Li's house, Cai's mother would often make a supper for herself to eat.
In 1975, Li Fuchun died of illness. Deng Xiaoping often brought his family to visit Cai Chang and often helped her in life. More than 60 years have passed since Deng Xiaoping went to France to study, and the friendship and affection between them have not faded. When Deng Xiaoping's daughter asked who her father was closest to, Deng Xiaoping said without hesitation: "Premier Zhou, and you Uncle Li and Uncle Nie." ”
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="140" > "golden partner" with tacit cooperation</h1>
Fighting side by side, friendship is deep, "Liu Deng" in the middle of the two words, not even one" and "can not be added."
Liu Bocheng was 12 years older than Deng Xiaoping, and he was Deng Xiaoping's comrade-in-arms and his role model. Deng Xiaoping and Liu Bocheng met in the war-torn era, and in the long revolutionary struggle, the friendship between the two became deeper and deeper. During the War of Resistance Against Japan, Deng Xiaoping and Liu Bocheng were in the 129th Division. One is the political commissar, the other is the division commander, one article and one weapon, tacit cooperation, leading the 129th Division, fighting a lot of beautiful victories.
Because Liu Bocheng was older, he suffered more serious injuries in his early years. In his daily life and work, Deng Xiaoping always tried to reduce Liu Bocheng's pressure and provide him with plenty of rest time. When directing operations, Deng Xiaoping always took the initiative to undertake most of the work. Sometimes, because he was on duty and slept late, Deng Xiaoping went to the courtyard to make a phone call, just so as not to disturb Liu Bocheng's rest.
Liu Bocheng
In 1940, before the Hundred Regiments War began, Liu Bocheng often read the map until late at night in order to deploy the strategy as soon as possible, and Deng Xiaoping would prepare sufficient kerosene lamps in advance. Liu Bocheng's eye was injured, and Deng Xiaoping personally held up a candle to illuminate Liu Bocheng. Some of the place names were smaller, and Deng Xiaoping took the initiative to read them out.
When Deng Xiaoping was ordered to inspect the Taiyue area, Liu Bocheng tirelessly instructed his entourage to take good care of Political Commissar Deng. After Deng Xiaoping left, Liu Bocheng ordered the troops along the way to report Deng Xiaoping's safety to the headquarters in a timely manner. It was not until Deng Xiaoping and his party arrived safely in the Taiyue area that Liu Bocheng was relieved.
During the Liberation War, the two led a large army to participate in the Shangdang Campaign and the Battle of Handan, and fought with the enemy with wisdom and courage. The relationship between Liu Bocheng and Deng Xiaoping, which has experienced the tempering of war, has long since transcended friendship and become family affection. Although the two are not related by blood, they both say that the eldest brother is like a father, and Liu Bocheng's meticulous care for Deng Xiaoping is not like a father like a brother? Even the name of Deng Xiaoping's son was taken by Liu Bocheng himself, and it is no wonder that there was a saying that "Liu Deng's family is close" at that time.
Battle of the Hundred Regiments
In life, the two take care of each other and make progress together. In the battle, the two tacitly cooperated, achieving a good story that the world relished. Among them, the deeds of leaping thousands of miles into the Dabie Mountains made the name of Liu Deng's army resound throughout the land of China. In June 1947, in accordance with the instructions of the Central Military Commission, Liu Deng's army crossed the Yellow River south and launched the Southwest Lu Campaign, annihilating more than 60,000 enemy troops and dealing a fierce blow to the arrogance of the enemy army.
Subsequently, according to the orders of the Party Central Committee, the two men led a large army straight to Dabie Mountain. Between the Lunan area and the Dabie Mountains, in addition to natural dangers, there are also enemy encirclement and blockade. What is even more dangerous is that after crossing the Yellow River, Liu Deng's army will have no reinforcements, but Deng Xiaoping and Liu Bocheng have no complaints. Under their command, the army experienced more than 20 days of combat marching, successfully advanced into the Dabie Mountains, and inserted a knife in the enemy's abdomen, laying the groundwork for the victory of the Liberation War.
The enemy did not sit still, and soon launched an attack on the base area of Dabie Mountain. From the moment Liu Deng's army entered the Dabie Mountain area, the enemy launched several attacks in succession. Although the enemy's attack was repelled, the situation of the struggle was still not optimistic. In early December, the enemy army made a comeback, and Chiang Kai-shek sent Bai Chongxi to lead a large army to besiege the Liberated Area of Dabie Mountain.
Bai Chongxi
The situation is extremely critical, in order to better persist in the struggle and consolidate the Liberated Areas. After consultation, Deng Xiaoping and Liu Bocheng decided to divide the troops into two routes. Some of the troops were transferred to the outer line, while the rest were stationed in the Dabie Mountains. On the question of who stayed, the two had a rare dispute. Because the Dabie Mountains are more dangerous, Liu Deng and Deng both had to stay. In the end, at The insistence of Deng Xiaoping, Liu Bocheng had to move his troops to the outer line, while Deng Xiaoping stationed the rest of the troops at Dabie Mountain.
When fighting separately from Deng Xiaoping, in order to protect Deng Xiaoping's safety, Liu Bocheng insisted on keeping his own guard regiment. On the way to the transfer, Liu Bocheng encountered the enemy army and fell into a siege. When Deng Xiaoping found out, he immediately ordered the Sixth Column to go to support and successfully rescued Liu Bocheng.
It was not until February 1948, when the war situation changed, that the two met again. Later, the two participated in the Battle of Huaihai together. The battle was called an "incredible battle" by the United States Military Academy at West Point, annihilating more than 550,000 enemy troops and laying the foundation for the liberation of the country.
Liu Deng's army
After the founding of New China, the two of them participated in and commanded the campaign to liberate the southwest together. From the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression to the founding of New China, the two fought side by side for 13 years. Although the two are separated because of the needs of work, the friendship between them that has experienced the baptism of fire will not be diluted by the distance.
In 1955, Liu Bocheng was awarded the rank of marshal, and the happiest person was Deng Xiaoping. During the long years of the Southern Expedition to the North, Liu Bocheng was also wounded many times because of the battle. The recurrence of injuries has a very big impact on Liu Bocheng. In his old age, Liu Bocheng, who was suffering from illness, became weaker and weaker. The generals who used to be full of spirit on the battlefield and command thousands of troops and horses now even need to be helped by others to walk.
Most of the time, Liu Bocheng stayed in the ward to recuperate. But what he often thinks about in his heart is Deng Xiaoping. After 1982, Liu Bocheng basically resigned from all positions in the party and recuperated with peace of mind. His only wish before his death was that Deng Xiaoping would preside over his memorial service.
On October 7, 1986, Liu Bocheng passed away, and Deng Xiaoping was deeply saddened. At Liu Bocheng's memorial service, Deng Xiaoping choked up and could hardly speak. After bidding farewell to the body, Deng Xiaoping stood where he was, unwilling to leave for a long time. The friendship between the two also touched many people present.
Since joining the revolution in 1922, Deng Xiaoping not only protected the country and the people, but also gained a lot of friendship. His life was full of ups and downs, and because of such friends, he added a lot. Whether it is Nie Rongzhen, a friend of fellow villagers, Li Fuchun, a confidant who talks about everything, Premier Zhou, who is also a teacher and a friend, or Liu Bocheng, who fought side by side, these people all have extraordinary significance to Deng Xiaoping. No wonder when his daughter asked about his friends, Deng Xiaoping said their names without hesitation. The sincere and profound friendship between the older generation of revolutionaries will never be erased in the long river of history!
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