Prison Wall
Tan
Looking at the door to stop Thinking Zhang Jian, he endured death and waited for Dugan.
I smiled at the sky with a horizontal knife and went to leave the liver and gallbladder for two kunluns.
Some life values need to be accumulated in length, but Tan Sitong has reached an unprecedented height with a short life of 33 years, leaving a great personality for China and even a great personality for the world.
Although the cause of reform in which he was involved failed, he was undoubtedly successful in this regard. It is said that behind every successful man there is a great woman, who is the great woman behind Tan Sitong?
01 Fate
She was born in Beijing on April 20, 1865, the fourth year of Tongzhi (1865), and was good at reading expo books and winning poetry from an early age.
Li Yan's father, Li Huangxian, was a veritable talent.
Li Huangxian (1825 ~ 1894), formerly known as Shou Rong, character Mengying, the number of the Tianying Nunnery, for the xianfeng six years of jinshi, the head of the household department, work in the Lefu poetry, especially the joint language of the battle neat, quoting the scriptures, profound meaning, and the sentence is majestic, fresh and bright, elegant and elegant, impressive, is a first-class couplet master of the Qing dynasty, known as "Changsha talent".
It's just a pity that this righteous and idyllic talent has encountered a really lamentable encounter.
The original Bear clan died at the age of 25, leaving no son and half daughter. In October of the ninth year of Xianfeng (1859), Sushun was imprisoned on the grounds that the subordinates of the household department were "difficult to ensure that there was no private fraud".
Li Huangxian was sent to the prison of the Punishment Department together with the hubu officials, and then he was raided, and most of the poems he wrote were copied and inspected, and then he did not know the end.
At that time, his step-wife Jiang Shi was pregnant with Liujia, and was anxious and died of a bloodslide two days later, at the age of 29.
Later, he remarried Wang Renhua of Wanping County, Hebei, the biological mother of Li Yan. Poorly, when Li Yan was 6 years old, his birth mother Wang Shi died, and he was only 29 years old, leaving three daughters.
Fortunately, the Li Sisters met the nanny Gao Shi. Entrusted by Lady Wang on her deathbed, Gao regarded the three sisters as if they were their own, and asked them to learn poetry and etiquette, and taught them the rules of virtuous women, and later the sisters were known as sages.
Tan Sitong and Li Yan are typical parental arranged marriages.
Li Huangxian and Tan Si were both fellow townspeople and colleagues with their father Tan Jixun, and they were not far from each other in their Beijing apartments, so they had very close contacts and an extraordinary friendship.
The two families were about to marry very early. In March of the ninth year of Guangxu (1883), Tan Jixun was promoted from Gongqin Jiedao in Gansu to the post of envoy of Gansu, and the two families set a good birthday and auspicious day for the two to complete the marriage.
Tan Sitong was ordered by his father to go to Hankou, thousands of miles away, and arrived at the Hubei Hanhuangde Road and Jianghan Customs Supervision Office on the third day of April (May 9) to meet the eighteen-year-old Li Yan. Shortly after their marriage, the two returned to Lanzhou, Gansu.
Li Yan is a typical old-fashioned woman, virtuous and gentle, acting decently, and the Tan family praises her virtuousness. Once, Tan Jixun met with his relative Li Huangxian, and the first sentence was: "Your daughter is a good daughter, and my daughter-in-law is also a good daughter-in-law!" After saying that, the two clapped their hands and laughed.
02 Deep affection
Because it is an arranged marriage, Tan Sitong, who has a sense of freedom and equality, is not satisfied with this conformist lady in the early days after marriage. When passing through the ancient Blue Bridge in Lantian, Shaanxi, he thought of the legendary story of Pei Hang and Yunying's free love, and he wrote a poem to laugh at himself:
Xiangxi Yunshu joined Qinxi, and the second brother mingshan entered the horseshoe.
Laughing at the jelly without a point, Blue Bridge thin wine drunk as mud.
As a result, there are rumors that their husband and wife have a bad relationship. This is not the case.
After the death of his mother, Tan Sitong was often lonely because of the reluctance of his stepmother Lu Shi and the fact that he had to travel back and forth between the north and the south.
After marriage, Li Yan, who can compose poetry and chanting, gave him meticulous care and warmth, and the couple's feelings were loving day by day.
After marriage, except for Guangxu's eleventh year (1885) when he returned to Hunan to participate in a township examination, Tan Sitong spent most of his time in Lanzhou, and the two spent five years of harmonious and happy times.
Later, Tan Sitong embarked on the road of changing the law and restoring the new law, and the two of them gathered less and left more. Although Li Yan has also been dissatisfied, she clearly knows that her husband cherishes the homeland and regards wealth as a floating cloud. She recognized that her husband's righteousness was more important than her personal feelings, and she was unwilling to use her children's love and family trivia to bind him, so she regarded herself as a happy sheep wife and silently supported her husband.
When Tan Sitong initiated the Women's Non-Foot Binding Campaign, she led the big-footed servant women in her family to the streets to publicize the benefits of not binding feet; when Tan Sitong initiated the establishment of the Chinese Women's Association, she served as a director and undertook many specific tasks...
Similarly, Tan Sitong also gave his wife the deepest affection.
From the time he left Liuyang in Beijing to the time of the failure of the Penghu Reform, Tan Sitong wrote more than ten letters to his wife, more of them children.
In a letter from Wuchang he wrote:
"My father was more kind than ever, and he missed me and so on, and he asked me where my family lived. I said to Yun: It is very good to live in Liuyang for the time being, and if Liuyang is not calm, you can make him come to live in Zhongyang. The grown-ups thought so..."
Tan Sitong participated in the preparatory activities for the women's school, and also donated 100 gold to the women's society in the name of his wife Li Yan, and often paid ten gold per year, ranking first.
Later, a stone seal donation book was sent to Liuyang's home, and Li Yan's format was "Enjoying the flowers and plume in Jiangsu supplemented the wife of the prefect Liuyang Tan Sitong, and Li Yan, who was a courtesan of Changsha, donated perennial funds for the establishment of a hundred yuan of foreign silver and silver."
With the encouragement of her husband, Li Yan was listed as the director of the China Women's Society (the Women's Society founded the Women's School in November 23).
There are also a few small things that can be seen that Tan and Li are deeply in love and like-minded.
Although Tan Sitong's skin is dark, he has a long jade body, a handsome face, and a pair of eyes that are even more dazzling, like a great husband who is charming. Although Li Yan was dignified and demure, with a kind face, he was not tall, fat, and had freckles on his face, and he never whitewashed.
Occasionally uncles and brothers get together, and they will joke with each other, who is prettier than their wives. Once they ridiculed Tan Sitong: "Seventh uncle, seven aunts are pretty good, right?" Tan Si replied frankly with the same face: "More than Enough for me!" ”
Tan Sitong opposed concubines, and he not only wrote propaganda articles, but also strictly disciplined himself and practiced what he preached. The couple originally had a son, Lan Sheng, but died early, and Li Yan never got pregnant. But Tan Sitong resolutely refused to take concubines.
When he arrived in Nanjing as an official, he took Li Yan, his second sister-in-law, his nephew and niece with him. When Ying Chen Baozhen returned to Hunan to participate in the Restoration Movement, he first sent Li Yan back to Liuyang and carefully settled them before rushing to Changsha.
Although it was an arranged marriage, they lived a life of love and peace, and became the bright colors in their respective lives.
03 Farewell
Another parting.
On the night of the second day of April in the 24th year of Guangxu (May 21, 1898), in the face of the impending separation, the husband and wife took out the "CrashIng Thunder" and "Residual Thunder" Erqin to play against each other. Like the sound of water, it is like a lover's hand, soothing the other party's hurting heart.
They looked forward to getting together again as soon as possible, but they never expected that this would be the last night of the loving couple's companionship.
Early the next morning, Tan Sitong departed from Changsha for Wuchang. This day is the fifteenth anniversary of the wedding. Tan Sitong was overwhelmed with emotion, and gave his beloved wife the "Penghu Beibei Beibei Beineizi":
On the third day of the first month of April, Yu Zhigui will travel, recalling that he and his son Li Jun were married on the third day of the first month of the fourth month of The First Month of Yan wei, exactly fifteen years. The praise of Garter, also rejoiced, not caught in the Western Elysium that has been born. In all lifetimes, the same lotus flower, such as the Biga Ling Piga bird, can congratulate each other. I hope to strive for more refinement, self-esteem, and double cultivation of blessings and wisdom. Shi Yun: The world of the Pure Land is full of sages, and the Pure Land is born of this relationship. For fifteen years, his classmates have raised relatives and raised their nephew Lai Junxian.
Tan Si Tong regarded himself and his wife as the kalinga of the Buddha's world, and lived together in the lotus flower. I hope that both of them can "establish a relationship" of love in their lifetimes. Looking at the long-distance wooden boat, her husband's gentle words still echoed in her ears, and Li Yan's tears were hazy, and she did not give up, but there was no word to keep. She knew that her husband had a bigger home in his heart.
After Tan Sitong arrived in Beijing, he immediately wrote to his wife to report that he was safe. He said that he was in good health and in good spirits, and everything could be assured. At the same time, he told his wife that the imperial court resolutely changed the law and that state affairs were promising. After that, he was too busy to write a letter home often and asked his wife not to worry about it.
He also specially sent a package of "Women's Journal" and "Women's School Books" and told his wife that in the future, he wanted to see his friend Tang Caichang and others to buy it.
From June 11, 1898 to September 21, 1898, the Penghu Reform Law, also known as the Hundred Days Restoration.
After the failure of the reform, Tan Sitong resolutely did not flee and died at the age of 33.
When her husband died suddenly, Li Yan was devastated and hated not being able to follow her dead husband. However, she understood that she could not be willful, because her father-in-law Tan Jixun made Tan Sixiang's son Chuanwei and his heir, and then gave his two daughters to his education and marriage, and solemnly warned her:
"Your brother and sister-in-law are honest and illiterate, and you will manage the housework and educate your children in the future, and you will bear all the responsibilities!"
The responsibility is great, only strong. She hid her sorrow in her heart, hung a portrait of Tan Sitong on the wall of her bedroom, and changed her name to "Zhensheng" according to her husband's prison poem "Endure Death and Wait for Shegen", indicating that she was sad and humiliated and temporarily lived.
After Tan Sitong was killed, the situation of the Tan family was declining day by day, but fortunately Li Yan ruled the family and was orderly. In order to supplement the family, she opened several houses on the street of the old mansion in Liuyang as an inn. She treats her brother and sister-in-law Lai like sisters, sleeping in the same room and supporting each other to maintain the size of the family.
She taught her children, and she was also strict and kind, leading by example. Before Tan Si and Wu Shu set out for the north, they borrowed 400 taels of silver from Liuyang's Liutong Silver As travel expenses. After her husband was martyred, Li Yan did not pay it off until after the Tan family separated.
She also deliberately added a comment to the IOU: Benley is clear, the date is clear, and this document should be preserved forever. Later, Tan Chuanwei committed suicide, and she took on the heavy responsibility of raising her two grandchildren.
More often, it is harder to live than to die. In this way, she gave her husband and the Tan family the truest and deepest love.
04 Monument
Li Yan, who had participated in the establishment of the women's school with her husband Jun, has always paid attention to local education, and seeing that liuyang education cannot be popularized, let alone girls' education, she resolutely decided to run a school.
At the beginning of 1912, Li Yan and Liu Shanhan began to organize the Liuyang Girls' School. Li Yan first donated part of his family property as a school fund, and asked Liu Shanhan to preside over the restoration of the dilapidated Yingfo Temple in Chaijia Lane as a school building.
She did not idle, walking on a pair of small feet, running around advocating for people to donate money to promote education. Because Tan Jixun and Tan Si were in the same village, many enlightened people donated funds one after another and reported to the county government for approval. At the end of the year, the school opened and opened a primary school class, a high school class, a teacher training class and a sewing class, which became the predecessor of the current Changsha Vocational and Technical College.
Li Yan concentrated all his energy on running the school. She not only clothed and walked, rough tea and light rice, used the money saved in the school, but also insisted on going to the school every day to be busy with school affairs, and sometimes personally took the stage to give lectures to female students, instilling the concept of self-reliance and self-reliance. Despite her busy schedule, she couldn't forget to visit the students' dormitories at night.
Within a few years, the school achieved remarkable results, and it became a common practice for local girls in Liuyang to enter the school or teach. In his later years, Liu Yuxuan once wrote a poem recalling the life of a female teacher: "I remember that when I was eight years old, I entered the church with my sister. The school supervisor looks up to Ci Yan and is busy with teaching day and night..." The student supervisor in the poem is Li Yan.
After the permanent residence of the doctor, Li Yan often heard that there was a phenomenon of abandoning babies and drowning babies in the four townships of Liuyang, so he took the lead in donating some family property and set up a baby care bureau in the city. Under her strong advocacy, the compassion of many local people was aroused, and they donated idle gifts and family surpluses, and many girls survived.
But no matter how busy and tired, when the night is quiet, as long as he thinks of his deceased husband, Li Yan can't always love himself. Fifteen years of acquaintance is the best memory of her life, looking at the portrait of her husband, she feels that she should do something for him.
In 1912, the Beiyang government allocated 500 Guangyang to build the Tan Si Tong Memorial Temple. But this was far from enough, Li Yan resolutely sold part of the family property and gathered craftsmen to start construction. She tiptoed on a pair of small feet and ran around her home and construction site day after day. It wasn't until the autumn of the following year, when the ancestral hall was finally built, that she stood in front of the gate and cried.
Every time the moon was looking, Li Yan wrote the poem of remembering her husband on the paper money, then untied the bamboo hairpin inserted in her hair, wrapped it in paper money, and slowly burned it with candles in the Tan Si Tong Ancestral Hall.
The Seven Laws of Mourning, when the liver and intestines were severed, were impressively visible-
Xu Heng Yu Gong did his best to do the thorn hazel, and the enemy of the country and the family cried new.
Drink and hate the trombone mourning concubines, singing and sighing short and composing loyal subjects.
There is no longer a grand ambition to reward the Lord, and there is nothing left to do.
The bleak and deep sorrow of the night is eternal, and the undead are sad in front of the lamp!
Seven absolute "Mourning the Dead", expressing their intention of living with sorrow and humiliation for the time being——
The past cannot be traced, and a layer of acacia is a layer of ash.
In the next life, he transformed into a lotus picker and met the King in Hengtang Water.
Li Yan's self-help link ——
This world is already like this, and has been complained a hundred times by the world, and how can it be hated once it dies;
He must remember that in the face of many tribulations in the ground, he must not bring sorrow with him.
She also spent time and effort to collect Tan Sitong's last words and compiled them into a volume of "Supplements". In the third year of Xuanun (1911), he and Tan Chuanzan republished the "Four Kinds of Old Learning" in Changsha, and the following year published the "Liuyang Xingsuan Discussion" and the "Supplement to the Book of the Pavilion of the Autumn Rain Years" in Changsha.
In the thirteenth year of the Republic of China (1924), on the eve of Li Yan's 60th birthday, Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao specially sent a banner with the inscription "Complete People". In the hearts of the Tan family, she could bear this praise and hung the plaque in the "Doctor's First" hall to express her highest respect.
However, due to years of anxiety and overwork, Li Yan's health deteriorated, and he died in the fourteenth year of the Republic of China (1925) at the age of sixty-one.