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Moderator: Hello everyone, this is "Rural Micro Classroom". Today we are very honored to invite Teacher Wang Hua of the Institute of Edible Mushrooms of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Hello, Teacher Wang.
Teacher Wang: Hello host, hello everyone.
Host: In the last episode, we talked about the bagging of white spirit mushrooms, so after bagging, which step should we take?
Teacher Wang: After bagging, sterilization and inoculation will be carried out, and the bag of bacteria can be sterilized in two ways: one is atmospheric pressure, and the other is high pressure. At high pressure, the pressure should be maintained at a pressure of 1.47 times 155 pascals, if it is atmospheric pressure sterilization, it should be sterilized for 10 to 12 hours, and then naturally cooled in a sterile room or inoculation box, and then connected to the species of white spirit mushroom. Practice has proved that bailing mushroom generally 500 ml of wheat seeds, it can be inoculated 20 to 25 bags, it is best to inoculate at both ends, but it is not advisable to make the bacteria very broken when inoculating, after bagging, it is necessary to quickly enter the stove to sterilize, when this bag is placed, there should be a certain gap between the bags and around the bag, so that the steam can circulate. At the beginning is the rapid heating of the fire, try to keep the temperature within 4 to 6 hours to rise to 90 degrees, this time to open the exhaust hole to put the cold air in the stove, let it come out of the very hot hot air, and then close the exhaust valve, in the heating to 100 degrees when the start of recording time, to more than 14 hours, you can spend the night. If it is a high-temperature and autoclaving box, at this time, when the air pressure in the pot reaches 0.05 mega pascal, open the exhaust valve, release the cold air, and then wait until the pressure drops to 0 megapascals, then re-boost, and then when the air pressure rises to 0.15 megapascals, keep it for 3 to 4 hours to meet the sterilization requirements. After the sterilization is over, wait until the temperature in the pot drops to 60 degrees to 70 degrees, and then the bacteria bags and material bags can be moved directly to the inoculation room while they are hot.
Moderator: Okay. Teacher Wang, do you think there are any precautions in this sterilization process?
Teacher Wang: Yes, the precaution is that there are the following aspects that we must appropriately extend the time of steaming, for example, one is that the material is relatively old and lumpy or found to have mildew, this time to extend 2 to 3 hours. The second is that if the amount of steamed material exceeds 3,000 bags, the pile is relatively large, and this time is to extend 2 to 3 hours for every 500 to 1,000 bags added. Third, if in the process of steaming, the fire is extinguished or cooled down, this time should be extended for some time as appropriate. Fourth, if the bag infected with miscellaneous bacteria is returned to the furnace and the pot, it should be extended for 5 to 8 hours. Mixing is the foundation, steaming is the key. When steaming material, it is necessary to do a fire attack head, a fierce tail, control the middle, under the premise of ensuring safety, try to increase the temperature in the steaming chamber, and its constant temperature must be above 100 degrees. Observe the water consumption of the gas cylinder per hour in 60 kg to 80 kg or more, this water level must be maintained at more than half, if the gas production is large, it is more difficult to replenish the water, steaming enough for 8 to 10 hours after the temperature drops to about 70 degrees, then quickly move the bag material out, in the process of transportation must be laid on a relatively clean woven bag, maintain hygiene and the material bag should be taken lightly, if it is found that the broken bag should be glued to it in time with glue. After being transported to the vaccination room, it is necessary to discharge six or seven layers alone, do not lean against the wall, leave a walkway, and wait for the temperature to drop below 30 degrees before starting to inoculation. The purpose of the steaming material is to achieve thorough sterilization, which is a very critical part of the success or failure of planting, and it is necessary to eradicate the bacteria. In this process, you can't just drop the fire or lower the temperature, you must keep the temperature.
Moderator: Okay, at the end of the program, I would like to thank Mr. Wang Hua once again for being a guest of our program. This episode ends here, and we'll see you next time.