Figure 1 Deng Xiaoping
Speaking of Deng Xiaoping, we probably all know him as a good revolutionary, a politician, and a diplomat. He joined the revolution at the age of 18 and has firmly believed only in Marxism all his life; the principle of "reform and opening up" and "one country, two systems" put forward by him has made great contributions to China's economic development.
However, he was also an excellent military expert, and the command of war was no problem for him; we knew very little about this aspect, and Mao Zedong once said: "When it comes to fighting wars, Xiaoping is also a good hand, don't look at him as small, he knows very well about military affairs."
Liu Bocheng also praised him:
Even several well-known military experts in our country have praised Deng Xiaoping's military ability in this way, which shows that Deng Xiaoping's ability to fight wars is not generally strong, but in the public's impression, his ability in other aspects is more prominent, so little attention is paid to his military ability.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="18" > a lifelong firm believer in Marxism</h1>
In 1920, when Deng Xiaoping came to France to study, he was exposed to Marxism, and in 1922, he successfully joined the Young Communist Party of China, when he was only 18 years old, which was the "golden age" of a person's life.
In 1927, after a year of study in the Soviet Union, he returned to China and became the secretary general of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China at the end of the year. Several years of study not only allowed him to grow ideologically, but also allowed him to use his strengths to advance step by step in his work.
Figure 2 Deng Xiaoping
Deng Xiaoping did a very good job in guiding the reform work within the party, both before and after the founding of the People's Republic of China. So much so that in later diplomatic activities, some reporters directly said that he was a reformist, but Deng Xiaoping's witty remarks turned and said: "Therefore, his excellence is not only in reform, and his positioning should not be a simple reformist."
As an excellent military expert, Deng Xiaoping once said: "I am a soldier, and my real profession is to fight." At the age of 25, he led the Guangxi Baise Uprising and the Longzhou Uprising, establishing the Red Seventh Army and the Red Eighth Army.
In terms of commanding operations, he not only fully comprehended Chairman Mao's operational strategy and applied it, but also had his own unique operational policy, and he not only studied Marxism well, but also used it very flexibly in light of reality.
Since then, he has been in charge of the military aspect, even if his military talent is little known to the public, but from leading the uprising to the War of Resistance Against Japan, from the War of Liberation to the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, he has personally commanded or fought dozens of battles of all sizes.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="25" > the armed forces of the War of Resistance Against Japan</h1>
The outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression in 1937 caused a sudden change in the situation of the civil war, and the national War of Resistance began. In order to arm our army behind enemy lines and provide favorable conditions for the conduct of the frontal battlefield, in September of the same year, Deng Xiaoping, under the instructions of Zhou Enlai, began to prepare for organizing and arming the local masses.
Figure 3 Deng Xiaoping
Finally, under the leadership of Deng Xiaoping, in only three months, mobilization meetings at all levels were established in the vast areas of northeastern Jin and northern Jin, laying a solid foundation for the establishment of China's largest anti-Japanese base area behind enemy lines, that is, the Jinji-Hebei Luyu Anti-Japanese Base Area. Favorable conditions were provided for the conduct of a protracted war.
Because he always believes: "The victory or defeat of the war between the enemy and ourselves depends on the attitude of the people, first and foremost the attitude of the people in the enemy-occupied areas." Therefore, in the early stage of the full-scale outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japan, he established mobilization meetings and organized the masses, and at the same time, the three major disciplines and eight points of attention within the Party were carried out throughout and the comrades in the Party were supervised to a certain extent. It is precisely under such circumstances that there will be a "military-civilian fish and water situation" between our army and the people.
In addition, Deng Xiaoping even switched to the tactic of "the enemy advancing and we retreating" to the tactic of "the enemy advancing and we advancing" to encircle and encircle the Japanese army. When the Japanese army found out that our army was using the tactic of "the enemy advancing and we retreating," Deng Xiaoping and Liu Bocheng unanimously decided to switch to "the enemy advances and we advance," that is, when the Japanese army launched an offensive, our army also launched an attack, but only went around the rear of the enemy army to attack, and then launched an attack head-on under favorable conditions to encircle them.
Regarding combat, he once said: "If you dare not fight with a white blade, you cannot count as an excellent unit, and if you cannot defeat a strong enemy, you are an incompetent commander." In January 1938,
Figure 4 Deng Xiaoping (left)
After several ambushes against the Japanese army, which dealt a heavy blow to the combat strength and morale of the Japanese army, they became ashamed and angry, and prepared to launch a larger offensive, using the tactic of "attacking separately" to gather a large number of troops in an attempt to annihilate our army.
In order to win the victory in this war, Deng Xiaoping and Liu Bocheng made arrangements wholeheartedly, not only holding oath-taking meetings many times, but also communicating with the masses so that they could evacuate the countryside and leave no way back for the Japanese army. So when the Japanese came to attack, the empty village did not help them at all, and Deng Xiaoping broke through them individually, and at the same time withdrew in time when the Japanese reinforcements were about to arrive.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="6" > thousand miles close to Dabie Mountain</h1>
By February 1947, with the wisdom of the commanders and the stalwart of the people's will, they smashed wave after wave of offensives by the Kuomintang reactionaries in the liberated areas of our army, and the kuomintang's position was precarious and it had lost its initiative on the battlefield.
Figure 5 Advancing into Dabie Mountain
Therefore, in order to disintegrate this offensive, our Party made a timely strategy. In order to consolidate the liberated areas of our army and reduce the sacrifices, it was decided to lead the war to the Kuomintang liberated areas, and then to make a breakthrough in the middle court. At the moment, I was ready to fight south and reach the old lair of the Kuomintang.
Liu Deng's army's horizontal insertion of Dabie Mountain played a decisive role in the trend of the war, but there were many unfavorable conditions. One is that the road is long, and the morale of the subordinates will become weaker and weaker; the second is that there is no reinforcement force, which can be said to be isolated and helpless, and if it is surrounded on the way, it will be fierce. However, chairman Mao's urgent secret telegram that "northern Shaanxi is very difficult" made Liu Deng and them immediately decide to leave early.
Deng Xiaoping knew that Chairman Mao did not say anything easily, and that the word "he" had already indicated that the situation was very urgent, so he immediately led his troops south after studying the operational meeting in August and reached Dabie Mountain. In order to boost morale, Deng Xiaoping held an oath-taking meeting before the departure, explaining the importance of this southward march and informing him that there would be many difficulties during this period, but that the task must be completed in any case.
Figure 6 Deng Xiaoping (left)
From the beginning of the War of Resistance Against Japan, Liu Deng cooperated with each other in combat command, and Deng Xiaoping showed cooperation and coordination with the opinions and tactics put forward by Liu Bocheng. The high degree of coordination of command not only allowed them to command more than 40 battles together, before and after,
When rushing to cross the Yellow River, Deng Xiaoping's clever use of the gourd meter not only showed his extremely high military ability, but also dealt a heavy blow to the other side with minimal casualties. There were 6 reorganized divisions of the Kuomintang stationed on the edge of the Yellow River, and in addition to having sufficient troops, they also possessed advanced weapons, and if they directly crossed the Yellow River head-on, they would undoubtedly lose a large number of troops of our army.
On the night of preparing to cross the river, the Nationalist troops found the troops swimming over the river with steel helmets on the south bank of the Yellow River, but decided to wait until they approached before firing. So when the "river crossing troops" approached, for a time the artillery bombardment, the river surface was red, and they were overjoyed.
It turned out that the so-called "river crossing troops" were fake, that Deng Xiaoping had his subordinates tie a gourd under a steel helmet, and tie a pig urine bubble underneath, filled with red water, and when the Kuomintang focused on this fake river crossing unit, Deng Xiaoping took the opportunity from upstream to cross the river by boat and wooden row, and went around their rear. Afterwards, the enemy division commander sighed and said, "Thirty-six counts, I haven't heard of the gourd count yet!"
Figure 7 Crossing the river
The Huai River is the last hurdle, and Deng Xiaoping said: "After crossing the Huai River, you will enter the Dabie Mountains, and if you enter the Dabie Mountains, you will be victorious." When Deng Xiaoping and them came to the Huai River, the Kuomintang pursuing troops were only a dozen kilometers away from them, but there were only a dozen small boats at the port, and the conditions for the ferry were very inadequate.
There is a rushing river in front of them, and then there is an enemy pursuit, and they either fight backwaters or rush to cross the Huai River. At the Critical Juncture, Deng Xiaoping proposed that Liu Bocheng first lead some of his troops to find the shallowest walkable passage to cross the river, while leaving some people at the bottom for the enemy to pursue.
Then, after Liu Bocheng crossed the river smoothly, Deng Xiaoping also crossed the river smoothly along the passage. But afterwards, Deng Xiaoping sighed and said: "We just finished crossing the river, the water rose, just a little time, good luck wow!"
Mao Zedong once said that after they entered the Dabie Mountains, they would face three situations, that is, they could not stand, they could not stand steadily, and they would stand firm. It can be seen from this that entering the Dabie Mountains was only a preliminary victory, and there were enemy encirclement and suppression, and there were situations in which the local masses had not yet been organized.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" Data-track="10" > the Battle of crossing the river and won the battle</h1>
"Zhongshan stormed and stormy, and a million heroic divisions crossed the great river..." This poem vividly describes the momentum and fighting spirit of our army in rushing to Taiwan; as the last battle in the War of Liberation, our army not only planned for a long time, but also made up its mind to win victory.
Figure 8 Battle of the River Crossing
Preparations for the Battle of the Crossing River began even during the Battle of Huaihai, and when the Battle of Huaihai was in progress, our army adopted the tactic of dispersing and annihilating the enemy, with Deng Xiaoping and Chen Yi commanding the first, third, fourth, and ninth columns to march east into Longhai and attack Zhengzhou.
In February 1947, the Central Military Commission decided that five comrades, Liu Bocheng, Chen Yi, Deng Xiaoping, Su Yu, and Tan Zhenlin, would form the WuqianWei and come to Sunjiaxu to prepare for the battle of crossing the river. Because Sun Jiawei's geographical location was relatively hidden, it was used as the general headquarters. During this period, Deng Xiaoping personally wrote the "Outline for the Implementation of the Beijing-Shanghai-Hangzhou Campaign" on the advice of other commanders.
Figure 9 Deng Xiaoping
As our army broke through the situation and launched a fierce attack on the Kuomintang Liberated Areas while consolidating the Liberated Areas, the Kuomintang's ruling position gradually became precarious, but the Kuomintang generals Bai Chongxi and Hu Zongnan were still stubbornly resisting.
While trying to resist the attack of our army, we retreated to the south of the Yangtze River and the northern part of the river, trying to retain military strength and wait for the opportunity to make a comeback.
Figure 10 Deng Xiaoping
In fact, the general trend of the Kuomintang has gone, which is not only a historical trend, but also the fruit of the victory of the soldiers of our army in heroic combat. And Deng Xiaoping was almost never absent in so many wars in our country, and his military talent is obvious to all and should not be ignored.