Neighbors with thieves
Ancient situation
The Xiongnu, whose ancestors were miao descendants of the Xia Hou clan, were also known as Chun Wei. Above Tang Yu there were Shanrong, Xiǎn yǔn], and Meat Porridge with xūnyù (xūnyù), living in Northern Man and moving with livestock.
The Xiongnu were descendants of the Xia Dynasty royal family, and their ancestors were named Chunwei. Tang Yao, Yu Shun, and their predecessors, there were nomadic tribes such as Shanrong, Fox, and Meat Porridge who lived in the wild lands of the north; they lived by water and grass.
There are two understandings of this sentence.
First, the Xiongnu were descendants of the Xia Dynasty royal family, and before Yao Shun, they were also called Shanrong, Xiǎn yǔn, and Meat Porridge. The xia dynasty appeared after Yao Shun, which is obviously contradictory because of the confusion of the chronological order.
In the second case, Xia Jie had no way, and Shang Tang exiled him to Mingtiao (陳条, in present-day Yuncheng, Shanxi Province, west of AnyiXia County, which at that time did not belong to the administrative area of the Huaxia Alliance, but to the margins), and died three years later. His son, Yue Yu, married Xia Jie's concubines, and in order to avoid the invasion of Shang Tang and his allies, he fled north, moved with his animals, and became a nomadic herder.
If you understand the history of the Chinese tribes and the non-Chinese alliance tribes around them, you will find that the second statement is reasonable.
First of all, the nomadic peoples actually migrated from non-steppe tribes to the past; this is credible, for example, the ancestors of the Zhou Dynasty (because the Zhou Dynasty has a clear written history) were changed from members of the Huaxia Alliance to Xirong, and from Xirong to members of the Huaxia Alliance. For details, see the "Records of History" and "Zhou Benji": Hou Ji 卒, Zi Bu Li. In the last year of the Bu Qi, the Xia Hou clan declined, and it was not necessary to go to Ji, and it was not to lose his official and run to Rong Di. Not a pawn, but a bow. Bow pawn, zigong Liu Li. Although Gong Liu was between Rong Di and Di, he restored the business of Hou Ji, cultivated, practiced land, painted himself, depressed Wei, used materials, had funds for practitioners, had livestock accumulation for residents, and the people relied on Qiqing.
Surviving by farming or grazing (note that grazing is not nomadic) is actually the result of local conditions, and there were no strict boundaries in ancient times. In the beginning, before humans learned to cultivate and domesticate animals, they could only rely on picking and hunting, without horses, without advanced tools, weapons and methods, and hunting on the grassland was unimaginable. Therefore, the earliest humans should live in non-grassland areas, both agriculture and animal husbandry, so humans are omnivorous animals. Later, the animals were domesticated to a certain stage before migrating to the grasslands. At the same time, the planting industry matured, and the agricultural civilization and the nomadic civilization began to part ways.
Secondly, after nomadism and farming are separated, they can still communicate with each other and transform each other. For example, Zhou's ancestors could go from farming to nomadic and then back to farming. Nomadic tribes can also become farming tribes, such as the nomadic peoples who migrated inland during the Eastern Han and Jin dynasties. In general, farming is more conducive to fighting natural disasters than nomadic farming; however, this is not the case for tribes, which are affected by their own small environment, and sometimes switching from farming to nomadic may be more suitable for their own tribes. Just like East Asian Europeans and Americans go to Africa to settle down is a truth.
There are a few more points to understand.
First of all, in and around our territory today in ancient times, there were countless tribes of all sizes; many tens of thousands, as few as hundreds, or even only a few dozen. Different tribes and tribal alliances are independent of each other and communicate with each other and influence each other. Different tribes form alliances, and different tribes attack and annex each other.
Second, there is a relatively powerful tribal alliance directly related to us, with a relatively developed civilization and a written record. This is the alliance between Xia Shang Zhou and Huaxia in ancient times recorded in our history books.
Third, at that time, the various tribes lived in a staggered area, and even among the major tribes of the Huaxia Tribal Alliance, there were many Rongdi tribes that did not belong to the Huaxia Alliance. The history of the Zhou Dynasty is described in detail.
Fourth, it is not only the Huaxia tribes that are settled farming peoples (the Huaxia tribes themselves also have livestock), such as the Yiqu tribal alliance that began to occupy the Luohe River and gradually unified the Loess Plateau (Yiqu and its predecessors were even closer to the Chinese Alliance merchants or Zhou in the Central Plains than the Western Zhou and later Qin), Yiqu was not only an agricultural and pastoral ethnic group, but also a large settlement scale. In the fourteenth year of Qin Huiwenjun,Qin Fayi Canal took twenty-five cities, and later when the Yiqu was destroyed, he took more than seventy cities (which should be a larger settlement).
Fifth, the Central Plains Huaxia Alliance fought and annexed with each other, and the surrounding Rong, Yi, Barbarian, Di, and Qiang were also divided into many areas for annexation; even the tribes within the Huaxia Alliance and the tribes outside the Huaxia Alliance allied to attack other tribes within or outside the Huaxia Clan. For example, the most representative example is inuyasha and Shen Hou together to beat up King Zhou You. Before obtaining the zhou royal family certification, Qin was actually Xirong, and was constantly attacking other Xirong tribes.
Some of the differences between these tribes outside of China may be far greater than the differences between the Chinese tribes and some non-Chinese tribes.
Sixth, the difference between the Huaxia Alliance and the non-Huaxia Alliance is mainly whether it can obtain the approval of the leader of the clan of the alliance, and there are three ways of such recognition.
Marriage. For example, in the "Records of History" and "Qin Benji": Shen Hou Naiyan Xiao Wang Yue: "In the past, I was the daughter of Li Shan, the wife of Rong Xuxuan, born in the middle of the world, returning to Zhou with her relatives, Bao Xi Tri, and Xi Chui was harmonious with her reasons." Now I am back with the wife of the great Luo, and I have a suitable son. Shen Luo was bigamous, and Xi Rong obeyed, so he was king. Wang Qituzhi. ”
ally.
After the conquest, he created his own sons and heroes to replace the original chieftain family.
Seventh, the Huaxia Alliance in the Zhou Dynasty had a common feature, that is, the etiquette of keeping the Zhou. For details, see the "History" and "Zhao Shijia" Zhao Wuling King's dialogue with the royal nobles before he performed the Hu costume riding and shooting, that is, the difference between Huayi.
Eighth, the internal and external tribal exchanges between the Huaxia tribes are no less close than those between the internal tribes. For example, King Xiang of Zhou married a woman of the Rongdi tribe who lived in Luhun (in the hinterland of the Central Plains in present-day Song County, Henan, where the distance was close and close, and its customs and habits would be closer to that of Zhou).
Ninth, we often say that Rong, Di, Barbarian, Yi, and Qiang are just a general term, not referring to the four tribal alliances, let alone the four countries. On the contrary, because of the relationship between the productive forces, the degree of annexation of the external tribes that do not live in the Huaxia Alliance is far lower than that of the Central Area of the Huaxia Tribes.
Therefore, it is reasonable to understand that the Huns may have been only one of thousands of tribes in ancient times. It is possible that it was one of the many tribes that migrated from woodland to grassland during a distant period. Before the Warring States, there was no evidence that the Xiongnu had intersected with the Central Plains, but only engaged in annexation warfare around themselves (it should be the north bank of the Hetao region or the western part of the south bank, because the eastern part of Henan was Linhu, which is recorded by clear history).
origin
Touman's earliest memory is probably that he heard the story of his grandfather's battle with Lin Hu. His grandfather annexed the surrounding tribes and began to migrate to the warmer south and east. Where there are patches of woods, the Lin hu people haunt the forest like ghosts. They also have something other than meat to eat. However, Touman's grandfather and the Lin Hu people attacked and killed each other, winning and losing each other, and the harvest was not great. So just like the western part of Henan, in winter, it needs warm places to help cattle and sheep survive the winter.
The King of Yiqu and the State of Qin also attacked and killed endlessly, "The State of Qin is fierce, the State of Jin is strong, and the State of Qin has always been looking at the tiger and killing my heart and not dying." Our country is all mountainous, and the food and grass of soldiers and horses are limited; it is impossible to go east, and it is good to be able to hold it to the south. When the King of Yiqu heard these words, he was unwilling: "Although the pro-Qin people are strong, my Yiqu has never been weak!" ”
Until one day, when Yiqu lost twenty-five cities and never had a chance to take them back, the King of Yiqu decided to expand the land to the west and north: "We need a steady stream of grain and grass soldiers and horses to face the Qin state!" So the princes of Yiqu stepped on their warhorses or along the river valley, or over the mountain pass to attack the city. Until encountering the Huns.
The two sides met for the first time, unlike the Linhu people who encountered only tribes with limited strength along the way. In the open land of Henan, the Yiqu people were obviously not rivals of the Huns; but in the face of mountains and valleys, dense forests and strange rocks, the Huns obviously had no way. As a result, the two sides were deadlocked and confronted, and over time a customary boundary line was formed.
Touman's grandfather went west along the open field to meet the more powerful Yueshi people, and the first battle encountered the round-eyed and white-skinned Yueshi people, which frightened Touman. Slowly I got used to it, got used to fighting and being killed.
The Huns went east to encounter tribes from the Daxianbei Mountains, the Donghu people, the Wuhuan people, and many tribes that could not be named. So Touman's grandfather, like his father, only annexed to a more bitter and cold place to the north, and by chance bypassed the vast desert, he found another huge meadow, many tribes of all sizes, but not as powerful as the Hun tribes, so the Huns conquered these tribes and killed their leaders to let their core tribes or allies be led. Or some of the leaders of the surrendered tribes were made nobles, and together with the Xiongnu royals, they ruled the grassland in the north of the desert, which was rich in water and grass despite the cold, and the important thing was that there were no Linhu people and no Yiqu people in the mountains in the north of here; it could be used as a large rear.
When Touman's father returned from the desert north to the royal court under the Yin Mountains to prepare to be established as Shan Yu, he found that the world had changed.
Mobei soon lost control, and Monan's alliance allies were also separated from themselves under the strong pressure of the Yue clan and Donghu. The original neighbor on the south side of the east was replaced by a country called Zhao, and the original neighbor in the middle was replaced by a country called Qin. Seeing that Qin Zhao built the Great Wall to defend itself, the Xiongnu took advantage of the fire and robbery to lead their troops to annex the remnants of Lin Hu and Lou Fu.
Seeing the annoying Lin Hu people and Lou who were constantly fleeing, the Xiongnu could not figure it out, they had never lived an agricultural life, and naturally did not know the reason.
Seeing that the Lin Hu people and Lou who had escaped were annoying, King Qin Zhao and King Wuling of Zhao were happy, and they wanted the land and the people. The tribes that were originally between the Central Plains and the Xiongnu either died outside the Cyprus or remained in the Interior to cultivate and livestock.
The boundaries of the Huns are still that line, and the customary line is on both sides, one side farming and the other nomadic. However, the opponent changed, and the State of Qin annexed the entire Loess Plateau, setting up Longxi, Beidi, and Shangjun. The Zhao people have been building the Great Wall under the Yin Mountain, setting up Yunzhong, Yanmen, and Dai County. Although this is the territory of Lou Fu, but now Lou Fu is gone, and the Huns are not the original Huns. So the ambitious Xiongnu prepared to give Zhao Guo a color first.
Touman's father gathered thousands of men and horses to prepare to seize Daidi, and the ambitious Touman father marched to Daidi with a large army. Before he reached Daidi, he heard the news that Donghu had been defeated by the Yan general Qin Kai (Qin Wuyang, Who was Qin Kai's grandson when Jing Ke stabbed Qin), and had retreated for thousands of miles.
The State of Zhao was stronger than the State of Yan, and the strength of Dong hu was far stronger than that of the Xiongnu, so the Xiongnu rebelled and devoted their main energy to the management of the southern desert, the northern part of the desert, and the southern part of the country. From time to time, he harassed the border cities of the Zhao State or the Yiqu people, and looted some materials and population. In the winter, I will also go to a warm place in Henan to spend the winter.
While Touman's father was riding the steppes with his core tribe to consolidate his power, the situation in the south changed dramatically. The Qin state of the Seven Heroes of the Warring States attacked the Six Kingdoms in the east, and the Six Kingdoms were unable to protect themselves with all their strength, so Touman felt that there was an opportunity to take advantage of it, and stepped up the plundering of the border counties of the Zhao State in an attempt to take Yanmen and Daidi. At this time, the Yanmen guard was replaced by Li Mu, who pursued a strong wall and cleared the wilderness, and the Xiongnu could not loot much property, and could only get what they wanted through scattered border trade.
Except for the jianbi qing field, Li Mu did not allow the soldiers to fight. At the same time, Li Mu took the taxes collected from the city of Bianjunguan as military expenses, and often improved the food for the soldiers, and the food of the soldiers in the North County was better than that of the soldiers in other places. In addition, he actively trained the riding and shooting skills of soldiers; set up a rigorous and rapid enemy situation early warning system with beacon fire; and sent nomadic people from border counties and tribes such as the Xiongnu to spy and actively obtain intelligence about the Huns.
For many years, the Huns often came to plunder the border counties, but they could not grab anything. Although the Zhao army did not have any losses, over time, the Xiongnu felt that Li Mu was cowardly, and there was no taboo to plunder the northern border counties. At the same time, Zhao Guo's soldiers also believed that Li Mu was afraid of fighting. The news reached King Zhao. King Zhao was very dissatisfied with Li Mu's passive avoidance of war, which made bian county unrestful. So Li Mu was recalled, and upon hearing the news that Li Mu had left Yanmen, Touman increased the number of troops to fight; he fought fiercely with the new border generals of the Zhao state, killing and wounding the Zhao army and plundering more than Li Mu. The Huns increased the frequency of plunder because of their abundance. The Zhao army often went to war, and the people could not concentrate on farming and animal husbandry, and the losses were serious.
King Zhao wanted to reactivate Li Mu, but Li Mu resigned due to illness; King Zhao forcibly ordered Li Mu to guard the northern border. Li Mu, who had re-guarded the border, remained the same, and jianbi Qingye did not fight; although the Xiongnu frequently harassed and grabbed not many things, the border counties were never at peace, and it was difficult for production to develop normally.
After several years of this, the soldiers and soldiers all held their breath but asked for a war. Seeing that the time was ripe, Li Mu chose 1,300 chariots, 13,000 cavalry, 50,000 infantrymen, and 100,000 soldiers who could shoot bows and arrows. Before the war, cattle and sheep were grazed in the wilderness, and the people farmed as usual. The Huns once again sent a small force of cavalry to invade, and Li Mu used thousands of men to meet the battle, pretending to be defeated to lure the enemy deeper. The Xiongnu were not only overjoyed to see this scene: it seemed that Li Mu was indeed vulnerable, and it was difficult to summon up the courage to send thousands of people to meet the Xiongnu, and they collapsed at a touch. When the Xiongnu heard the report, they felt that the opportunity had come, and killed these soldiers of the shrunken-headed turtle Li Mu, and the wealth, population, and land of Yanmen, Dai, and Gao que were the Xiongnu.
The Xiongnu Shan Yu touman led the newly conquered nomadic tribes of Northern Yanbei, and more than 100,000 people pounced on the main force of the Zhao army at Yanmen. However, when the two armies engaged, they saw that the Zhao army had a strange formation, and they could not fight with the main force of the Zhao army. The Zhao army quietly infiltrated the Xiongnu from the left and right flanks to encircle the Xiongnu, attacked the Xiongnu army on three sides, and the Xiongnu fled in the wilderness and suffered heavy losses; the Zhao state took the opportunity to eliminate the Xiongnu outlying tribes not far from Daidi, attacked Donghu and made them flee, forcing the remnants of Lin Hu to surrender by force, and for more than ten years, the Xiongnu did not dare to approach zhao border city.
Whenever there was a famine or a new tribe surrendered, the Huns always attacked the northern border counties to obtain property and population. Since Zhao Guo could not go, Henan was still ok.
When the Zhao state fell, Touman finally became the new Shan Yu of the Xiongnu, and the inheritance of the Xiongnu was officially preserved in the history of faith. When Qin Shi Huang unified the Six Kingdoms, it was the most proud day of Touman's life, and Gao Que, Yanmen, and Dai once again became his cornucopia. The situation of the enemy on three sides has finally changed, at least the threat from the south is gone. However, the good times did not last long, and Qin Shi Huang, who unified the Six Kingdoms, sent Meng Tian to lead an army of 300,000 to completely expel the Xiongnu from Henan, and built forty-four counties in henan near the Yellow River, which was originally occupied by the Xiongnu. Immigrants from the interior enriched the border counties to facilitate the defense. And further troops were sent to occupy Gaoque, Yanmen, Dai, Shanggu, Yuyang, Right Beiping, and Liaodong, connecting the Great Wall of the original six kingdoms to form a defensive alarm system.
Touman, who fled Henan, retreated to Shan Yuting, near the Yin Mountains, and returned to his father's grandfather's starting point. There are Eastern Hu tribes in the east, Yue clan in the west, and Qiangqin in the south. Fortunately, the Xiongnu never suffered immediate losses, and did not confront the powerful Qin, so their strength was not damaged. The Xiongnu began to concentrate on the management of the southern and northern deserts again, and taking advantage of the fact that Eastern Hu was defeated by Yan, Zhao, and Qin, Xu Tu developed to the east.
In the face of the powerful Yueshi people, although the Xiongnu could not advance half a step; but the Yueshi people could not defeat the Xiongnu to make the Xiongnu submit, and there were Qiang attacks to the south of the Yueshi people. On the one hand, the Touman family sent their sons to the Yue clan as hostages, and on the other hand, they secretly contacted the Qiang tribes close to the Yue clan in an attempt to form a pinch attack on the Yue clan located in the Hexi Corridor and the Qilian Mountains.
The Fu clan, who had retreated to Hebei (north of the Yellow River), who was favored by Touman, gave birth to a young son to Touman; Aiwu and Wu, Touman wanted to depose The younger son of Mao Dun as a prince, and was afraid that the nobles would not obey.
In this year, relations between the Xiongnu and the Yue clan were tense, so Touman sent Mo dun as a hostage to the Yue clan to conclude a peace pact. While Mo Dun was still a hostage of Tsukishi, Touman attacked Tsukihito. The Yueshi wanted to kill Touman's crown prince Mo Dun as a punishment for breaking the treaty with Touman, and did not want Mo Dun to get the news in advance, so he stole the Yue people's fast horse to escape from Yue and return to the Xiongnu.
Touman was a little surprised to see Mo Dun appear in front of him, that is, for a moment. Tou Man stroked his back and praised: My son is really majestic and powerful, and he can take on a big responsibility! Therefore, he abandoned the idea of deposing the crown prince and let Mo Dun command nearly 10,000 cavalry on the left side of the Xiongnu. Mu Dun, who had been accustomed to repeated attacks and killings between nomadic tribes, was keenly aware of the fleeting expression of his father, Man, when he saw him.
After receiving more than 10,000 horses from his own Xiongnu, Mo Dun began to exchange these tribes for the leadership of people he trusted, and at the same time began to buy people's hearts in exchange for the loyalty and support of these tribal nobles. And began to train his own soldiers and guards.
Mouton had people make a special arrow for himself, and when it was shot out, it had a booming sound. Before each training, Mao Dun would announce the order to the soldiers: where the arrows are fired, the soldiers must follow the shot, otherwise they will be beheaded!
First of all, from the time of hunting, the mound of the thunderbolt shoots at the birds and beasts, and some soldiers are immediately beheaded without shooting!
Then he shot his own horse in the hunt, and some soldiers, in view of common sense, felt that this was the prince's love horse that was afraid to shoot, and all of them were beheaded!
When the soldiers had no scruples about everything, they shot without hesitation with the order of the mound of the thunderbolt. Something even more brutal happened, as Mouton shot a dysprosium at his beloved wife during a hunt. Although the Huns were rude and morally constrained, their reverence for human life was the same. Many did not dare to shoot arrows at their beloved wives, and many felt that they might have lost their hands; they did not wake up from their trance until they were beheaded. From then on, whenever he went out hunting or staying, he shot at the place where he shot at the battlefield without hesitation.
This matter reached the ears of the nobles in the court of the Xiongnu (except for the Xiongnu nobles except shan Yu's family). Many people felt frightened, so they began to seek to reconsider the abolition of the crown prince. Unfortunately, it was too late, and Mo dun shot the dagger at Touman while hunting with Touman, so that Both Touman and his guards became hedgehogs. He then killed his stepmother and brother, along with all the ministers who did not support him, the nobles, and the kings of the Shan Yu family. As for the little kings of the tribes, who became alone was not important to them.
The cruelty of the so-called Huns (the wicked) cannot tolerate the slightest good thought. Of course, the Xiongnu Shan Yu family also has benevolent people, just like Huaxia also has people like Hu Hai and Zhao Gao of Qin II, and one of the best things about Confucianism is to indoctrinate them.
Just a year before Mo Dun killed his father and established himself, a terrible thing happened in the Qin Empire across the river.
Qin Shi Huang unified the six kingdoms under the heavens, and Huaxia has truly become a whole since then, injecting soul into the continuation of Chinese civilization. However, after years of war, even if forced to send troops to garrison border counties and build the Great Wall to resist the Xiongnu was a last resort; but the construction of palaces, poor rivers, extravagance and tyranny, superstitious ghosts and gods also made Qin a short-lived dynasty. It also gave the Xiongnu the opportunity to breathe and expand their strength, and eventually became a major problem.
In October of the 37th year of Qin Shi Huang, Qin Shi Huang took his young son Hu Hai, The Chancellor Li Si, and Zhongche Fu Ling and Fu Xi to order Zhao Gao to travel again. In July, Qin Shi Huang reached the sand dunes, and was very ill, and ordered Zhao Gao to write an edict to his son Fu Su, in which he specifically told Fu Su to hand over the military power to Meng Tian and quickly return to Xianyang to participate in the aftermath. The letters were sealed, but before they could be handed over to the emissaries, Qin Shi Huang died.
At first, the brothers Meng Tian and Meng Yi were deeply trusted by Qin Shi Huang, and Meng Tian commanded an army of 300,000 to guard the northern border and threaten the Xiongnu; Meng Yi was appointed as Shangqing, and when he went out with the emperor, he often served the emperor in the capital to participate in political decision-making.
Zhao Gao was inferior for generations, his father committed a palace punishment, his mother was adopted as an official slave and gave birth to Zhao Gao, and later Zhao Gao also entered the palace; because he was familiar with the prison law, he was appointed by Qin Shi Huang as the Commander of the Zhongche Prefecture. Zhao Gao secretly walked close to Hu Hai and taught Hu Hai to decide the prison sentence, which was deeply favored by Hu Hai. Zhao Gao committed a major crime, Qin Shi Huang asked Meng Yi to deal with it, Meng Yi did not dare to pervert the law, Zhao Gao was condemned for his crimes; Qin Shi Huang pardoned Zhao Gao because he was able to do things in peacetime, and restored him to his position. Zhao Gao has since formed a bond with Meng Yi, hating Meng Yi to the bone, forgetting that he has tested the strictness of the Qin Fa with his own body, and the evil people are so introspective!
Zhao Gao saw that Fu Su would succeed to the throne as emperor, and he would lose his existing glory, wealth and power; and this was also a great opportunity to take revenge on Meng Yi, otherwise Fu Su would succeed to the throne, and the Meng brothers would never be able to turn over.
Zhao Gao found Hu Hai with the letter that Qin Shi Huang had secretly hidden, to the Grand Duke Fu Su, and showed the sealed letter to Hu Hai. Seeing Hu Hai's doubtful eyes, Zhao Gao said, "Shangbang, there is no edict to crown the princes, nor does it say who to appoint as the crown prince. However, he gave fusu a book alone, which was very clear; since there was no prince, the eldest son should be righteous. And gongzi, you do not have the merit of size to guarantee that you will continue to enjoy the favor and glory and wealth of the emperor at that time. Hu Hai said, "I know it should be so." I heard that the Emperor of Shengming knew his subjects, and the father of the world knew his sons. Since the Father's decree does not seal the sons, what else is there to say! Zhao Gao said, "You can't say that. Now if you want, you, me, and Lis can decide who controls the world. I hope that the prince can think in the long run. Moreover, you should understand how being a courtier of others and having others be your own courtiers, and controlling others and accepting orders from others to be controlled by others, can be the same! ”
Hu Hai said: "It is unjust to abolish a brother and establish a brother; it is not filial piety to be afraid of death and self-interest and not to obey the father's command; it is incompetent to have no talent and no morality but to rely on the help of others to obtain things that do not belong to them." These three things are all greatly rebellious, and the people of the world will not obey, and I myself will suffer calamities, and the country will perish. ”
Zhao Gao hurriedly said, "I have heard that Shang Tang and Zhou Wu killed their monarchs, and everyone in the world praised their behavior as moral and not disloyal. Wei Jun killed his father, and the people of Wei praised his merits, and Confucius recorded this incident, which cannot be regarded as filial piety. What's more, doing big things cannot be confined to small sections, and there is no need to be humble and humble in practicing great virtue, the customs in the countryside are appropriate, and the working methods of hundreds of officials are also different. Therefore, if you are afraid of small things and forget the big things, you will have disasters in the future; if you hesitate at a critical moment, you must regret it in the future. Do it decisively and boldly, even the ghosts and gods must be avoided, and they will definitely succeed in the future. I hope you do what I say. ”
Hu Hai sighed and said, "Now that the emperor has passed away, and the funeral ceremony is not over, is it appropriate to ask for a minister now?" Will he say yes?"
Zhao Gao said, "Without further ado, I am afraid that the night will be long and dreamy." With your benevolence and righteousness, as long as you tell your benevolence and filial piety, how can the minister not be satisfied. ”
Zhao Gao understood that for this hedonistic, simple-minded, and joyful disciple, his concern was nothing more than that nothing was going to happen, and he must first have confidence in the plan for the present; he should be coaxed when he should be coaxed, and he should be frightened when he should be frightened in the future. What kind of goods is Li Si, Zhao Gao has a bottom in his heart. Zhao Gao listened to people say: "The eldest son of the chancellor, Li You, served as the sheriff of Sanchuan County, and the sons married the princesses of the Qin state, and the daughters married the sons of the imperial family of the Qin state; it can be said that it is extremely expensive." When I heard that when Sanchuan County's Shou Li Yu returned to Xianyang on leave, Li Si set up a banquet at home, and all the civil and military officials went to toast and congratulate Li Si. There were thousands of cars and horses in front of the door. Li Si sighed indignantly, "Alas! I heard Xun Qing say that things should not be overdone. I Li Si was originally a commoner in Shangcai, a commoner in the streets and alleys, and the emperor did not understand that I was inferior and promoted me to such a high position. Nowadays, no one who is a courtier has a higher position than me, and it can be said that the wealth and glory have reached the extreme. However, the extreme of development of things is about to begin to decline, and I don't know where to end! A cold wind blew out of the door, and Zhao Gao looked at the flashy rivers and mountains in front of him, and the crowds were moving, and he couldn't help but feel angry. Zhao Gao couldn't help but sneer in his heart when he looked at the place where Xiang Xiang Lisi lived, like such a hypocritical and selfish and greedy person, just explain the stakes to scare him, not afraid that he would not listen!
After Zhao Gao found the chancellor Li Si, he was not polite, and directly said: "When the first emperor died, he gave the eldest son Fu Su an edict, ordered him to attend the funeral in Xianyang, and established him as the heir." The edict was not sent, the emperor died, and no one knew about it. The edict and the seal given by the emperor to the eldest son are in the hands of Hu Hai, and who is to be crown prince is only a word from you and me. ”
Li Si's face changed drastically, and only after a moment did he turn around and say to Zhao Gao, "How can we say such a chaotic government and destroy the country, the abolition of the emperor is not something we as courtiers should discuss!" ”
Zhao Gao looked at Li Si's back, sneered darkly, and looked at Li Si's back with contempt: "Does the prince think he can compare with Meng Tian?" Can the credit be compared to Monty! Can you think deeply without failing, can this be compared with Monty? Can you get the praise of the people of the world and not be resented by the people of the world, can you compare this with Monty? Where can you be more trusted than Meng Tian in Fusu? ”
Li Si did not sigh: "It is better to be blindsided, and the words you ask are bloody!" ”
Zhao Gao sincerely looked at Li Si: "I have the honor of doing paperwork in the inner palace for more than twenty years, and I have never seen any minister or meritorious person who can last for two lifetimes, and finally I was killed!" ”
Seeing that Li Si was a little shaken, Zhao Gao continued: "You know the emperor's twenty or so sons. The eldest son is resolute and brave, believes in people and is a warrior, and the succession to the throne will use Meng Tian as a minister, and the prince will not be able to return to his hometown in the end in the position of a minister; this is an obvious thing. I was commissioned to teach my son Hu Hai, and I did not see any fault in him. Hu Hai was kind and benevolent, virtuous and well-behaved, not greedy for money and cherished talents, not good at arguing in words but wise in heart, discerning right from wrong, observing etiquette and respecting scholars; the prince of Qin was not as wise as he was, and could be made crown prince to inherit the throne. It's all up to the prince! ”
Zhao Gao and Li Si came and went, and Li Si, a tyrant of the Tang Dynasty, did his best to do hypocritical things and threw out his so-called concerns one by one; and Zhao Gao did his best to make things clever and point to deer as horses, putting a high hat of morality and benevolence on Li Si's hypocrisy.
Although he understood that Li Si's words were insincere, Zhao Gao understood even more: his play still had to be acted, and he had to act like it. The shamelessness of this kind of intellectual lies in the fact that he knows that he is despicable and unethical, but he still has to make a face that is not allowed to be tolerated and forced. From the heart, Zhao Gao hated people like Li Si far more than the Meng Yi brothers, but at this moment, Li Si was an ally who maximized his own interests. As long as Hu Hai, a fool, was in hand, it would be sooner or later to kill Li Si.
Zhao Gao looked at Li Si: "The disaster for his descendants is enough to make people chill." Those who are good at dealing with people in the world can turn misfortunes into blessings; not to mention the virtuousness and benevolence of Gongzi Hu Haizhi can not only make the glory of the prince bequeathed to future generations, but also enable the people of the Qin Kingdom to live forever! What else do you have to worry about? ”
Li Si said, "I was originally just a cloth dress, just a common man in Cai Lu Lane. By the emperor's grace, he was appointed as a minister and a marquis, and his descendants were all high-ranking officials in the imperial court who controlled important positions in the country, and they held the generous treatment of the imperial court, since the emperor entrusted the security of the country to me, how could I live up to the emperor's trust! Loyal subjects cannot be unfaithful because they are afraid of death and the loss of glory, and filial piety cannot be unfilial because they will make themselves tired, and as human subjects, they can only keep their duties! Don't say it again, lest I get the Criminal Law. ”
Zhao Gao said: "I often hear that the behavior of saints is never rigid, moving from time to time, and changing from incident to incident. When you see the appearance, you can know the root, and when you see the movement, you can know the result; the world is like this, and there is no fixed truth. Now the power of the world and the fate of the country are in the hands of Hu Hai, and I know very well that he is a man and is determined to win. Moreover, foreign ministers rebelling against the inner court are rebellions, and the following offenses are rebellions. Autumn frost falls and flowers and grass wither, snow and ice melt everything to come back to life, and it is the heavenly way to know the times and follow the trend, these are all shallow and easy to see truths. How could the prince not understand it! ”
Li Si said: "I have heard that the Jin Dynasty changed crown princes, and the country was in turmoil for three generations without tranquility; the brothers of the Duke of Qi Huan competed for the throne, and the prince was killed; the Shang Dynasty killed relatives of the royal family and did not listen to the advice of the counselors, the capital city was destroyed into ruins, and the country was also destroyed; these three things were against the will of Heaven, the country was destroyed, and the Zongmiao temple was not sacrificed." I'm still human, how can I participate in these conspiracies! ”
Zhao Gao said: "As long as gongzi Hu Hai, you and I, and our monarchs and subjects work together from top to bottom, the country can last a long time; there will be no mistakes in the cooperation between the inner and outer courts of the imperial court." If you obey my plan, you will be a long-term marquis and pass it on forever, and you will certainly have a long life like Prince Qiao and Chi Songzi, and the wisdom of Confucius and Mozi. It is chilling to give up this opportunity and not listen to my opinion now, which will surely harm future generations. Smart people can be blessed by misfortune, how do you deal with this matter? ”
Li Si then looked up at the sky and sighed, "Alas! In the chaotic world, since I can no longer be loyal with death, where can I pin my destiny! So Li Si obeyed Zhao Gao's arrangement.
Zhao Gao bowed to the chancellor and bowed respectfully. Back to Where Hu Hai said to Hu Hai, "Li Si has been ordered by the Crown Prince!" ”
Hu Hai said urgently, "The prime minister agreed, really?" Is he really willing to make me emperor? ”
Zhao Gaobi replied respectfully, "The minister went to see the prince on the order of the prince, the prince's order, as a human subject, how dare the minister Li Si not obey the prince's orders!" ”
Hu Hai, Zhao Gao, and Li Si forged the edict of Qin Shi Huang, saying that it was to make The Chancellor Li Si the Prince of Qin, who was made crown prince. Then, pretending to be The First Emperor of Qin, he issued an edict to gongzi Fusu and gave death to Fusu and Mengtian.
After doing all this, Li Si let the patrol team march in the direction of Xianyang. At the daily meal, the group of courtiers played as usual, and let the eunuchs pretend to be Qin Shi Huang to handle political affairs. When Qin Shi Huang's body began to stink when he arrived in Jiuyuan from Jingxing, Zhao Gao asked people to bring a cart of abalone to follow Qin Shi Huang's convoy to cover up the smell of corpses. Except for Hu Hai, Zhao Gao, Li Si, and the eunuchs trusted by Zhao Gao, a total of five or six people knew that Qin Shi Huang was dead, and the others did not know, thinking that the crown prince, the death of Su, and Meng Tian were all the will of Qin Shi Huang.
Hu Hai's disciples arrived in Shangjun with edicts. The emissary gave Fu Su an edict: Fu Su supervised the army bianjun for more than ten years and could not move forward, but lost soldiers; could not make a little merit but often wrote to dissuade the emperor and criticize the emperor's behavior; and because he was not made a prince, he often resented the emperor for filial piety; and gave the sword to cut himself. The general Meng Tian knew of Gongzi Fusu's behavior but did not correct him, because he was disloyal, gave death, and handed over military power to Wang Li.
Meng Tian did not believe that the edict was true, and dissuaded Fu Su: "The emperor has an army of 300,000 and a prince, but such a great responsibility is only entrusted to the prince; if the emperor really dislikes the prince, he has the heart to establish a prince long ago, and he has not established a prince for a long time, and the elders will do it, it goes without saying." Now that he has committed suicide by means of a single messenger's edict, how can we know whether the edict transmitted by this messenger is true or not? Please ask the prince to write to the emperor to confirm, and it is not too late to confirm the edict to confirm that he will cut himself again! ”
Hu Hai's emissaries received an order to execute Fu Su, so they kept urging, and the benevolent Fu Su said to Meng Tian: "The father gave death to the son, how can the son not believe and confirm it?" So he cut himself off, but Meng Tian refused to cut himself, so he was imprisoned in Yang Zhou by the people brought by the messenger.
"Wang Li, a descendant of Wang Qi, will be trusted by the emperor but cannot protect Virtue and Fu Su, and it is not a pity to die!" The evil of the Dharma is all there is to it! Fu Su Ren Hou is almost stupid, Xiao Ren is to father and son, and renunciation is to the people of the world; the evil of Confucianism is all here! "There were warriors in the army who killed Hu Hai's emissaries and Wang Li with swords, but they were unsuccessfully killed by the emissaries.
Three thousand of the remnants of the hede crossed the river and went south to weep: "We who cannot do evil deeds have lost to the world, but we will never be enemies of China!" They went west, and the Huns were unable to get them.
Hu Hai was relieved to hear the emissary report that Fu Su was dead, and sent Li Si's disciples to guard the border county. Hu Hai's goal was Fu Su, who threatened his throne. As for Mengtian, Fu Su's death allegiance to the new lord is the normal of history, so he wants to let Mengtian use it for himself. Zhao Gao was afraid that the Montessori brothers would be reused again, how could he see that the people he hated to the bone were reused again, and since the Montessori brothers could not control themselves, it would be difficult for the Montessori to be used to hold great power.
When Qin Shi Huang fell ill during his foreign tour, he sent Meng Yi Wuyue and other mountains and rivers to pray for blessings. Qin Shi Huang died in the sand dunes on the way to pray for blessings.
Meng Yi was about to finish praying for Qin Shi Huang's blessing outside, and Zhao Gao said to Hu Hai: "I have heard that the former emperor has wanted to make you the prince for a long time, but Meng Yi said: "No", knowing that the prince is capable but does not want the first emperor to be the prince, this is an act of infidelity to deceive the former emperor, with the foolish opinion of the subject, it is better to kill this unfaithful person!" ”
Hu Hai sent people to arrest and imprison Meng Yi, who sacrificed to pray for the mountain and river to Daidi.
Hu Hai returned to Xianyang, paid a funeral for Qin Shi Huang, and was made emperor as a crown prince for Qin II. Qin II was close to Zhao Gao, and Zhao Gao seized the opportunity to often say bad things about The Montessori in front of Qin II, and actively searched for the faults of the Mongols and impeached the Montessori brothers at the imperial court.
Qin II's uncle Bao Baojin advised Qin II: "The subject heard that King Zhao had killed Li Mu, a good minister of the State of Zhao, and used Yan Ju, King Xi of Yan to betray his covenant with Qin and secretly used Jing Ke's scheme to assassinate Emperor Xian, and King Jian of Qi killed the loyal subjects of the former king's widow and trusted Hou Sheng. The kings of these three kingdoms were destroyed by destroying the laws of the previous kings and endangering their own safety. Now the Meng clan was a heavy minister of Qin, and now if he wanted to abandon them, the minister thought it was impossible. The subjects have heard that they cannot govern the country without careful consideration, and they cannot make the country last forever without following advice. Killing loyal subjects and appointing people who do not have good moral integrity will cause the ministers above the court to lose trust in the emperor, and the soldiers outside will also deviate from the imperial court, and the ministers think that this is not okay! ”
Hu Hai was convinced of Zhao Gao's words, obviously exceeding his own IQ and judgment ability that was as small as a mountain peach. Hu Hai sent emissaries to ask Meng Yi why he prevented Emperor Xian from making himself crown prince. Meng Yi replied: He began to serve Qin Shi Huang at a young age, and obeyed the emperor's wishes in everything, until the first emperor collapsed, and it can be said that he knew the emperor's thoughts. If the subject does not know the talent of the prince, then only the prince can accompany the emperor and travel the world, compared with other princes, the treatment is too far apart, can I still not understand. The former emperor reused the prince because of years of deep thinking, how dare I advise and plot on the matter of establishing a prince! This is not my excuse to escape the death penalty, only to implicate and humiliate the honor of the former emperor, I hope that the doctor will seriously consider this and let me die from the crime i deserve. Moreover, natural perfection is advocated by morality; severe punishment and killing are forbidden by morality. In the past, Qin Mugong killed Che Shi Sanliang and buried him, and sentenced Bai Lixi to an undeserved crime, so he was given the title of 'Miao' after his death. King Zhaoxiang killed Wu'an Jun Baiqi, and King Chuping killed Wu Hao. Wu Wangfu sent to kill Wu Zixu. These four monarchs all committed major transgressions, and they were criticized by the people of the whole world, believing that their monarchs were not wise. As a result, it was notorious among the princely states. So it is said: 'Whoever governs the country morally does not kill innocent subjects, and the punishment is not applied to the innocent.' 'I hope the doctor will seriously consider it!' The messenger knew Hu Hai's intentions, so he didn't care what Meng Yi said, so he killed Meng Yi.
After killing Meng Yi, the next step is to kill Meng Tian. Qin II sent an emissary to Yangzhou, and the emissary read an edict to Meng Tian and said, "Your sins are too many, and your brother Meng Yi has committed a felony, and according to law he will implicate you." Meng Tian said: "Since my ancestors began to make contributions to the Qin State, it has been three generations since the establishment of prestige in the Qin State." Now the subjects have more than 300,000 troops, and even if they are imprisoned, my strength is enough to rebel. However, I knew that I would undoubtedly die, but I insisted on righteousness, and I did not dare to insult the teachings of my ancestors and to forget the grace of my ancestors. The messenger said, "How dare a subject be recounted to the emperor the general when he is commanded by the edict to kill the general!" ”
Meng Tian looked up at the heavens and sighed, "What sin have I committed that I am sorry for heaven, and I was unjustly killed without any fault?" After a long time, he said slowly, "My sin should have been a capital offense." From Lintao to Liaodong, the city has been built for more than 10,000 miles, how can there be no broken dragon vein in the middle of this! So he swallowed medicine and committed suicide.
Some people believe that the death of the Meng brothers was due to the will of Qin Shi Huang to build the Great Wall, so he deserved to die. This is purely, Montessori died at the hands of Zhao Gao and Hu Hai, which means that Zhao Gao and Hu Hai are killing Montessori for the sake of Skywalker and for the people! So is this the reason and motive for Zhao Gao and Hu Hai to kill Montessori? Logical confusion!
After the deaths of Fu Su and Meng Tian, Hu Hai and Zhao Gao were more brutal than Qin Shi Huang. The soldiers of Henan Province did not feel the benevolence of Fu Su, and they lost their sharpness when they were separated from Germany.
At this time, in the north of the river, there was the cruel but brave and decisive tyrant Mao Dun, and in the south of the river there was the stupid but hedonistic puppet emperor Hu Hai. Both sides decided on a high and low level. One tirelessly used force to plunder the land and the people, and the other tirelessly levied and indulged Zhao Gao for pleasure.
It is a pity that Qin and Zhao Yuhu have been destroyed overnight for decades!
In the postscript, the Xiongnu and Han people evolved from the primitive tribes living in the woodlands within my Chinese territory, not like the Yue clan, and Wusun was white. The habits of the nomadic peoples determined that their migration and expansion were staggering, and the Huns' blow to the Moon clan prevented the expansion of the Nomadic peoples of West Asia into East Asia. The long-term battle between East Asian nomads and large-scale farming peoples has created a super combat effectiveness of East Asian nomads.
When Touman handed over tens of thousands of cavalry to Mao Dun, he had actually given up (and decided that it would not be possible to kill Mo Dun and set up another prince in the future), and Mo Dun was obviously extremely disappointed in Touman, so he shot his father Tou Man with a bow.
With Hu Hai's boldness and intelligence, without Zhao Gao, it would have been impossible for him to ascend to the throne of God; and if Li Si could not be fooled into aiding and abetting abuse, zhao Gao's political strength alone would not have been possible to support Hu Hai's success. Zhao Gaoqiang is highly emotionally intelligent, knowing that Hu Hai is greedy for pleasure, has a thief's heart and no thief's guts, credulous and has no opinion, and Li Si is greedy, selfish and hypocritical. First use Li Si li Hu Hai, and after he has a certain political strength, he then self-depreciates Li Si to wear a top hat and encourages Li Si to persuade Hu Hai, and then he instigates Hu Hai to set fire to Hu Hai and kill the three Li Si clans. Evil thoughts will be harmed by evil thoughts
![Touman (First Generation of Xiongnu Shan Yu)[fig]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAP///wAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=)