introduction:
The story of Xie Xiao'e's revenge occupies an important position in the history of ancient Chinese literature, which is based on the Tang legend "The Biography of Xie Xiao'e", and has undergone many changes in later generations, resulting in Li Fuyan's "Ni Miao", "The Biography of Xie Xiao'e" in the New Book of Tang, Ling Maochu's "Xie Xiao'e Zhi Catching The Thief on the Ship", Wang Fuzhi's "Dragon Boat Society" and other works. These later works have adapted the "Biography of Xie Xiao'e" to a certain extent, of which Wang Fuzhi's "Dragon Boat Society" is the most adapted one.
Wang Fuzhi was one of the three great Confucians in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, and after the death of the Ming Dynasty, he regarded himself as a relict, and "Dragon Boat Society" is his only miscellaneous drama work. "Dragon Boat Club" generally follows the plot structure and character image of "The Biography of Xie Xiao'e", and at the same time makes many adaptations. The author believes that the reason why Wang Fuzhi wanted to adapt Xie Xiao'e's story into a new form is mainly determined by his creative psychology.
Portrait of Wang Fu
The following compares the biography of Xie Xiao'e with the Dragon Boat Society, points out the adaptation of the plot and characters of the "Dragon Boat Society" to the "Biography of Xie Xiao'e", and analyzes Wang Fuzhi's creative psychology.
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" >, "Dragon Boat Club" adaptation of the plot and background of "Xie Xiao'e Biography"</h1>
"The Biography of Xie Xiao'e" tells the story of Xie Xiao'e's revenge for her father and husband, and its plot can be divided into several parts: the incident, the dream, the puzzle, the revenge and the ending. "Dragon Boat Club" is a four-fold book, which generally follows the plot structure of "The Biography of Xie Xiao'e", and is divided into four parts: dreaming, solving puzzles, revenge and ending. It is worth noting that "Dragon Boat Club" not only inherits the plot structure of "The Biography of Xie Xiao'e", but also expands the original plot and rewrites the original story background.
1. The Dragon Boat Club's expansion of the plot of The Biography of Xie Xiao'e
"Dragon Boat Club" and "The Biography of Xie Xiao'e" tell the story of Xie Xiao'e's revenge for her father and husband, and expand the plots such as the anagram in the dream, Li Gongzuo's puzzle solving, Xie Xiao'e's revenge and the final ending. It is particularly noteworthy that the struggle between loyalty and adultery is not mentioned in the biography of Xie Xiao'e, and a narrative thread of loyalty and adultery confrontation is added to the "Dragon Boat Society".
Xie Xiao'e picture book image
The officials who appear in the "Biography of Xie Xiao'e" are mainly Li Gongzuo and Xunyang Taishou Zhang Gong, the former solving the mystery of Xie Xiao'e, and the latter "good at e festivals, in order to have a table of his deeds", both of which are loyal and righteous figures. However, "Dragon Boat Society" has a narrative line of loyalty and treachery from beginning to end, such as the lone goddess in the first fold:
In the Tang Dynasty, he forgot his loyalty and filial piety, and pointed out the skirt to avenge the injustice... There is Xiao'e, the daughter of Emperor Xie, although she has the temperament of a husband, she is not like the little beggars of the Tang Dynasty who deceived Wusha and fought with emperor Zhenyuan to run away. Then he can avenge his father's husband's wrongs, then index the heavenly machine, so that this lonely soul to dream and Xiao'e know.
It is not difficult to see that Xie Xiao'e and the "little beggar who cheated on the hat" formed a loyal confrontation. Along with the development of the plot, this loyalty and treachery antagonism has further developed. In the second compromise, Li Gongzuo advised Xiao'e to find the enemy and "it is better to go to the yamen to confess", but Xie Xiao'e said:
Whoever is an official now has to be like a grandfather and a clean man! Just look for the one who has nothing to do with it to deliberate. This is a headless robbery, the slave family is a single woman, who will wait for you?
Xie Xiao'e revenge story illustration
In the third compromise, after Xiao'e successfully took revenge and voluntarily surrendered, the traitor who had been hidden in the shadows before finally appeared. Jiangzhou stabbed Shi Qian Weibao only because he saw that Xie Xiao'e had a "wall", so he said xiao'e filial piety. But Xiao'e resolutely refused, because she "disdained this weak spleen". In the fourth compromise, Li Gongzuo was again unwilling to join the adulterous courtiers and returned to illness, once again forming a loyal and traitorous confrontation.
2. Dragon Boat Club rewrites the background of "The Biography of Xie Xiao'e"
In the "Biography of Xie Xiao'e", Li Gongzuo mentioned before meeting Xie Xiao'e that "in the spring of the eighth year of Yuan he, Yu Baojiang engaged", and it is not difficult to see that the story took place in the Yuan he years. The story in "Dragon Boat Society" takes place in a more turbulent Zhenyuan period, such as the second compromise that mentions that "the nearby Emperor Zhenyuan was forced by thieves to drive Liangzhou".
Portrait of Emperor Zhenyuan, Emperor Dezong of Tang
In "The Biography of Xie Xiao'e", the place where Li Gongzuo solved xie Xiao'e's mystery was Waguan Temple, and in "Dragon Boat Society", it became a More Historical Vicissitudes Qingchuan Pavilion. In "The Biography of Xie Xiao'e", Li Gongzuo went to Waguan Temple only to stop and visit on the way, and in "Dragon Boat Society", Li Gongzuo to Qingchuan Pavilion has a strong meaning of hanging ancient wounds:
Faint Fangzhou, peach wave slight wrinkles. The green grass is like oil, and the red buds are just beginning to penetrate. Spring is like si, ask who to pick up, hang the ancient with sorrow? Did the ancients know? From the ancestors of the Chu Kingdom, the name left in the history of Qingqing, then today oh... All the spirits of the hanging north mourned, wished the East Wind Zhou Lang Gu Qu, and hoped that the King of Chang'an would ascend the tower? With a high north look, the pole eyes of the Central Plains, good sad people also!
Present-day HarukawaKaku
Correspondingly, the time of Xiao'e's revenge is not mentioned in "The Biography of Xie Xiao'e", and the "Dragon Boat Society" sets the time of Xie Xiao'e's revenge as the Dragon Boat Festival commemorating Qu Yuan. In addition, the biography of Xie Xiao'e does not mention the name of Xiao'e's father, and her husband's name is Duan Juzhen. In "Dragon Boat Society", Xie Xiao'e's father is named Xie Huang'en, and Xie Xiao'e's husband is named Duan Buxian. It is not difficult to see that these two names have obvious emotional overtones.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" >2. "Dragon Boat Society" is an adaptation of the characters in "The Biography of Xie Xiao'e"</h1>
"Dragon Boat Society" has added characters such as the goddess Xiao Lonely Lady, the corrupt official Qian Weibao and Xiao Minglao, and expanded Shen Chun Shenlan, although these characters also reflect the author's creative intentions, but limited in space, this article only discusses the protagonists Xie Xiao'e and Li Gongzuo.
1. Adaptation of Xie Xiao'e's image
In "The Biography of Xie Xiao'e", Xie Xiao'e is a loyal, resolute, and incomparably filial woman. The author mainly wants to highlight his filial piety through solitary revenge, and highlight his loyal side by "vowing not to marry, so he cuts his hair and wears brown", as it is written at the end of the text: oath not to give up, to restore the revenge of his father and husband, jieye; maid and miscellaneous places, do not know women, chastity. A woman's journey, only chastity and moderation, can be completed.
Xie Xiao'e film and television image
Xie Xiao'e in "Dragon Boat Society", while inheriting Xie Xiao'e's loyalty and filial piety in "The Biography of Xie Xiao'e", also focuses on Xie Xiao'e's sober understanding of reality and disdain for false names. After Li Gongzuo solved the mystery for Xie Xiao'e to find out the name of the real murderer, Xiao'e did not pin her hopes on the official government, but decided to "find these two thieves and go desperately with him." This is because she has an extremely clear understanding of reality, corrupt officials and corrupt officials will not investigate the case with their hearts, and she may even worry about her life after leaking the wind.
After the successful revenge, when Qian Weibao wanted to show Xiao'e Xiaolie because he saw Li Gongzuo's approval, Xiao'e flatly refused: False name is false, but it provokes laughter and scolding from high people. In the fourth compromise, Li Gongzuo's praise for Xiao'e is also different from that in "The Biography of Xie Xiao'e", and its main highlight is Xiao'e's heroic spirit of not letting Su Mei be raised:
Celebrate fast! Heroes too! Li Gongzuo worships the wind and worships together... Kill you at a loss, go to the end of the world, not afraid of the noise of tigers and wolves; kill you, wash your makeup, endure and be shy; kill you, into the tiger's den, and fake courtesy; kill you, press the dragon spring, and fight to the death. Mo said that you make up the cabinet female stream, the doctor of the pen to praise the article of moderation... You don't want the magistrate to pay the award, higher and higher!
2. Adaptation of Li Gongzuo's image
Li Gongzuo in "The Biography of Xie Xiao'e" is the narrator of the novel, and his personal image is mainly shaped by solving the mystery of "monkey in the car, door east grass; walking in the grass, one day husband". Li Gongzuo in "Dragon Boat Society" plays a more important role in the story, if Xie Xiao'e is the protagonist of the narrative, then Li Gongzuo can be called the emotional protagonist. When Li Gongzuo appeared in the second fold, he showed the feelings of worrying about the country and the people:
Li Gongzuo, a subordinate official, was a descendant of the ninth descendant of The King of Huainan, And was born into the Heavenly Family, and was named Dengrui. The first family lived in Chang'an, and because of the Tianbao Rebellion, Qiao lived in Western Shu. The nearby Emperor Zhenyuan was forced by the rebels, driving fortunately liangzhou, there was no corner of the four seas, but relying on the south of the river as the fundamental... It is no small matter of being ordained. The safety of the community is in danger, and the heart is hard.
Illustration by Li Gongzuo
When hanging the Harukawa Pavilion, the words "looking at the north with high altitude, looking at the Central Plains, and being sad and touching" showed the feelings of worrying about the country and the people to the fullest. Xie Xiao'e compared Li Gongzuo with corrupt officials and corrupt officials, saying that "whoever is as honest as an old man." The third compromise of the official money is a treasure, which is also in stark contrast to Li Gongzuo.
Unfortunately, such a Qing official who was worried about the country and the people and was determined to restore the community could only retire from illness in the end. In the fourth compromise, Li Gongzuo told Xie Xiao'e, who had already become a monk, the reason why he abandoned his official position and went into hiding:
I only hope that the uncles of the Li clan will work together to share the royal family. Now that he had returned to Beijing, uncle Li Na listened to the adulterer's words and had evil intentions. I have been blunt and righteous several times, but I have no choice but to speak high... Since there was no salvation at that time, how could he be trapped in the rebellion against the party?
Illustration by Li Gongzuo and Xie Xiao'e
Li Gongzuo, who was hit hard, had a clearer understanding of reality, and his personality was also sublimated by not colluding with the adulterers. If there is a way in the world, it is present, and if there is no way, it is hidden, and Li Gongzuo has embodied the ideal personality of traditional literati from beginning to end from the beginning to the end.
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > third, Wang Fuzhi's creative psychology</h1>
Through the previous analysis, we found that "Dragon Boat Club" adapted "The Biography of Xie Xiao'e" in terms of plot structure, story background and character image. If we further analyze it comprehensively, we can also find that the direction of adaptation points to two aspects: one is the anxiety about social reality, and the other is the call for ideal personality. By comparing Wang Fuzhi's life experience, it is not difficult to find that the above two points are Wang Fuzhi's most authentic voice.
1. Anxiety about social reality
In early March of the seventeenth year of Chongzhen (1644 AD), Li Zicheng led a large army to attack the imperial city, and the Chongzhen Emperor hanged himself on coal mountain. Two months later, Wu Sangui, the chief soldier of Shanhaiguan, introduced Qing troops into the customs and established the Manchu Qing Dynasty. Wang Fuzhi was shocked to hear about the changes in the country, and for several days he wept and did not eat, composing a hundred rhymes of "Poems of Sorrow and Indignation", and wept bitterly every time he cried and wept bitterly. Later, Wang Fuzhi continued to write "Poems of Sorrow and Indignation" many times when the Qing soldiers went south.
Portrait of the Chongzhen Emperor
In the face of this extremely painful social reality, Wang Fuzhi vowed not to surrender, and stepped forward to restore the Ming Dynasty, putting the national righteousness in the first place. The tang dynasty was also an era of many disasters and difficulties, with the Four Towns Rebellion, the Jingyuan Mutiny, and the Li Huaiguang Rebellion. In contrast, the Yuan and He years were relatively peaceful, showing the atmosphere of ZTE. From this, it is not difficult for us to understand why Wang Fuzhi changed the background of the story from Yuanhe to Zhenyuan, and changed the mystery of Li Gongzuo from the Waguan Temple, which has little meaning, to the Qingchuan Pavilion with profound meaning.
It is also worth noting that after the fall of the Ming Dynasty, a number of Southern Ming regimes were established. The previous regimes were quickly defeated, and there were many incidents of the Surrender and Rebellion of the Ming Generals. The Yongli regime lasted for fifteen years and once opened up a victorious situation, but the Yongli regime sold official salaries, corruption became a common practice, the party and government became popular, and there was no discipline, and Wang Fuzhi was framed for his outspoken advice. From this, it is not difficult for us to understand that Wang Fuzhi wants to add a narrative line of loyalty and treachery in "Dragon Boat Society".
2. The call to the ideal personality
After the death of the Ming Dynasty, Wang Fuzhi dedicated ten years of his youth to the cause of resisting the Qing Dynasty and restoring the Ming Dynasty. In the fifth year of Shunzhi, Wang Fuzhi prepared to raise an army with Xia Rubi and monk Shenghan to resist the Qing at Fangguang Temple, but unfortunately they were attacked by Qing soldiers before they were launched. Later, Wang Fuzhi attached himself to the Yongli regime, hoping to restore the society.
When the Yongli Emperor fled to Wuzhou, Wang Fuzhi followed and accepted the position of a pedestrian jiezi (counselor). Helplessly, The Emperor was corrupted and disciplined, and Wang Fuzhi was framed by the traitors and had to flee with his family. Since then, Wang Fuzhi has clearly recognized the reality that he is powerless to save the world, returned to the mountains and forests, and never came out again. In the "Zhang Lingfu", Wang Fuzhi expressed his own heart and said:
Death and life will be the same, and the disciples will not be bored in the world, and they will eventually think that they are hidden! Therefore, involving adventures and obstacles, trickling comrades, pillows and waiting for Dan, in order to have something to do... Although Chen Lizhi had no way to calm down, but he was sad and indignant, and could not help himself, so there was a matter of death.
If there is a way in the world, it is present, and if there is no way, it is hidden, and Wang Fuzhi himself is a practitioner of the Confucian ideal personality. From this, it is not difficult for us to understand why Wang Fuzhi should focus on Xie Xiao'e's sober understanding of reality and disdain for false names, as well as the image of Li Gongzuo worried about the country and the people, loyal to the king and patriotic, but ultimately hidden in the mountains and forests.
In addition, it is worth noting that although Wang Fuzhi recognized the reality and was no longer out of the army, he never lowered himself. In the seventeenth year of the Kangxi Dynasty, Wang Fuzhi Zengyun: A certain remnant of a fallen country owes a dead ear. On his deathbed, When Wang Fuzhi wrote the tombstone, he wrote: Wang Fuzhi, a widow of the Ming Dynasty, is buried here.
From this, it is not difficult for us to understand why Xie Xiao'e's father in "Dragon Boat Society" was named Xie Huang'en, and why Xie Xiao'e's husband was named Duan Bu descend.
bibliography:
Li Gongzuo, "The Biography of Xie Xiao'e" ("Legends of the Tang and Song Dynasties"), Qilu Book Society, 1997 edition
Wang Fuzhi's Testament of Funayama. China Bookstore. 2016 edition
Zhang Huaicheng, "Commentary on Wang Fu". Guangxi Education Press. 1997 edition