On the afternoon of December 12, 1936, Chiang Kai-shek was watching a play at the Wushan Temple in Xikou when someone suddenly came to report: "Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng launched a mutiny, and the whereabouts of Mr. (Chiang Kai-shek) are unknown." "Jieqing originally had a bad heart, and when the scene was like earth, he returned home sick. The Xi'an incident was later resolved peacefully, but Jieqing did not ease up, and on the 27th, he actually died. Chiang Kai-shek was very sad to hear the news: "Of the three brothers, only one person remains now. In the midst of the suffering, the sick brother was frightened and caused him to die quickly. But the news of the rest of the danger, he had heard, and it was comforting. ”
Today Xikou Wushan Temple
<h1>Brothers are on the wall, and love and righteousness are still there</h1>
Zhejiang Fenghua is located on the coast of the East China Sea, Xikou Town is an important town in Fenghua, The Creek is panbi, The Wuling Mountains are towering green, and the Xuedou Temple is more famous. At noon on October 31, 1887, the cries of babies were heard in the room on the east side of the Yutai Salt Shop, and the 45-year-old salt merchant Jiang Zhaocong was full of joy, and the successor King Caiyu gave birth to a healthy baby boy for him. It is the season close to Xiaoyang Spring, the wind and sun are beautiful, the sun is shining, and Jiang Siqian, who is more than ancient, named his little grandson Ruiyuan. According to the rank of the Jiang clan, Xiao Ruiyuan also took the name of Zhou Tai and the scientific name of Zhiqing, and later changed his name to Zhongzheng and Jieshi.
After Jiang Zhaocong's original partner Xu Shi died of illness, he continued to marry Sun Shi to fill in the house, and soon died. Sun's family did not come out, xu clan left a pair of children, Chiang Kai-shek was born that year, the eldest brother Chiang Kai-shek was already a 13-year-old country boy. In August 1895, Jiang Zhaocong died, and the eldest son Jieqing inherited the Yutai Salt Shop Business, Jieqing graduated from the Forensic Department of Siming Vocational College, and his person was not good at business, and was infected with gambling and other bad habits. It is said that once, Jieqing lost a mahjong war, and when he returned home to see the Buddhist monk wang who was in the process of making a fortune, he thought that the reason for losing money was because the monk came to the door, and there was a fierce dispute with his stepmother on the spot.
Young Chiang Kai-shek
In the spring of the following year, Jiang Jieqing proposed to separate the family, and his relatives and friends came forward to notarize, and the property was divided as follows: the Yutai Salt Shop (including the adjacent residences) and the external accounts were returned to Jieqing; the three buildings of the old mansion (FenghaoFang) and the more than 30 acres of fields near the Fahua Nunnery and a bamboo forest were returned to Wang Caiyu. Since then, the Wang family has maintained the family by collecting rent from the land property they have received, and has "suffered many grievances, wept and swallowed, and there is no complaint." In April 1898, Chiang Kai-shek's brother Ruiqing died prematurely, and Jieqing unreasonably demanded that the inheritance be redivided, almost to the point of litigation.
Recalling the past, Chiang Kai-shek lamented that "after the discord within his family and the walls of his brothers, it was difficult for his family to do things frequently." However, whenever Jieqing was mentioned in his diary, he mostly said negative words: "Vulgar is impatient, especially despicable"; "deliberately making trouble, stubborn", "indoctrinable", "disgusted to the extreme", "vicious cunning"; "mental skills can not be repeated", and so on.
Chiang Kai-shek's half-brother Chiang Kai-shek
However, brothers are always brothers, and with the development of Chiang Kai-shek, Jieqing has more or less followed the light, and has successively served as the director of the Guangzhou local courtroom, the governor of Yingde County, and the supervision of Zhejiang Customs. On November 30, 1920, Chiang Kai-shek wrote in his diary: "The brother's behavior is always pitiful, but if he does not see him for one or two days, he is full of admiration, and Kunji's friendly nature is like this." "However, Jieqing was really bad, less than half a year as a county magistrate, he owed six thousand yuan in public funds, the customs supervision became more and more foolish, took prostitutes as concubines, spent all day drinking, and finally had to retain the title of a member of the Zhejiang provincial government, and went home to enjoy the blessings."
Songhu resisted the enemy, and rumors spread
After the "9.18" incident, the national disaster intensified day by day, and there were contradictions within the Kuomintang between Ning and Guangdong, and Chiang Kai-shek was forced to resign and telegraph, and went back to Li. On January 28, 1932, the Japanese Marines invaded Zhabei, Shanghai, and the officers and men of the 19th Route Army rose up to resist. Chiang Kai-shek issued a "Telegram to the Generals of the Whole Country," declaring that "holding Ning for the jade is not a determination to be a whole, and to deal with this violent day of defiance of faith and righteousness that undermines peace, and that "although I am in the opposition now, I am willing to swear to live and die with all the generals and to fulfill my duty."
Chiang Kai-shek with his mother, mao Fumei, the original partner, and his eldest son, Chiang Ching-kuo
Shanghai is the largest city in the Far East, and out of its own interests, the British and American consuls in Shanghai intervened for the first time. In early March, China and Japan turned to confrontation, and Chiang Kai-shek was formally reinstated as chairman of the Military Commission and chief of staff. At this time, Chiang Kai-shek wrote a letter sternly accusing Chiang Kai-shek of "having troops that can be adjusted but not aiding" and sitting back and watching the success or failure of the Nineteenth Route Army. Chiang Kai-shek was very angry and wrote back:
"All the troops in Jiangsu and Zhejiang who can be dispatched are all joined, which is said to be reinforcements without troops, which is only a thick slander against the central authorities, and also discourages the soldiers." There are many hardships in the rear, some of which are not tangible to the pen and ink, the rumors that stop at the wise, and the rumors that are now strange and strange, but they are launched by those who have suffered together and have an insight into the actual situation, so this brother does not want to confess himself and why blame the mouths of the people who are leisurely. ”
Chiang Kai-shek took a group photo with his brother Huang Fu while studying in Japan
So, did Chiang Kai-shek really send reinforcements? What are his unspeakable secrets? Today, more than eighty years later, it is completely possible to form a pen and ink.
At the beginning of the Songhu War, the Military Commission decided to divide the whole country into four major defensive zones, stipulating that each defensive zone "shall, except for the places where the troops remain at their discretion to appease the areas, gather troops in the defensive zones in order to resist the Japanese aggression." However, this stipulation encountered resistance, and Xiong Shihui, chairman of the Jiangxi Provincial Government, refused to send Jiang Dingwen's Ninth Division and Chen Cheng's Eighteenth Army to Shanghai for reinforcements, on the grounds that the "suppression of the communists" was tight. On 5 February, Chiang Kai-shek instructed He Yingqin, "If Wusong Fortress falls and the Japanese Army lands to participate in the war, our aircraft should immediately participate in the Shanghai War." Since then, the Air Force has sent 34 aircraft to participate in the battle on three occasions, and 7 advanced destroyers in Guangdong have also gone north to assist.
The gendarmerie units of the Nationalist Government who participated in the Songhu War of Resistance
The Nineteenth Route Army lacked artillery, and Chiang Kai-shek signaled to He Yingqin, "The first battalion of adjustable mountain artillery is under the command of the Nineteenth Route Army." Soon, the Eighty-seventh and Eighty-eighth Divisions and the Central Military Academy Instruction Corps formed the Fifth Army and fought side by side with the Nineteenth Route Army. Taking into account the combat casualties, Chiang Kai-shek designated the 21st, 47th, and 80th Divisions and the Henan Security Department to select a number of officers and men on active duty to supplement the Shanghai front. By the end of the "1.28" Songhu War of Resistance, these troops had successively replenished 2,000 soldiers of the 19th Route Army.
The Japanese army reinforced Shanghai, and Xiong Shihui reluctantly agreed to the 10th and 83rd Divisions to go to Zhejiang to stand by. Chiang Kai-shek also wanted to transfer the Sixth Division again, but Xiong Shihui refused to live or die, "it seems appropriate to eliminate the bandits in eastern Gandong and western Ganxi one after another." Chiang Kai-shek replied: "What we see is certainly important, but the anti-Japanese resistance is even more urgent, and the Sixth Division must be called up and turned to zhao Xuequan, the commander of the division, to immediately pull out as an important point." ”
Today's Xikou "Former Residence of Chiang Kai-shek" Wenchang Pavilion
Obviously, in the dilemma of "suppressing the Communists" and resisting Japan, it was not an easy task for Chiang Kai-shek to draw in the "suppression of the Communists" troops to participate in the War of Resistance. Although it was not easy, after more than thirty days of the Songhu War of Resistance, a certain number of troops rushed to the Jiangsu and Zhejiang areas: the First and Forty-seventh Divisions gathered on the first line of Changzhou, Wuxi, Changshu, and Taicang; the Ninth and Tenth Divisions arrived near Hangzhou and marched into Jiashan, Pinghu, and Zhapu to form a second-line position. Chiang Kai-shek advocated "resisting on the one hand and negotiating on the other," and internal involvement led to weak reinforcements, coupled with military secrets, of course, he could not respond to all kinds of questions from the outside world in a timely manner.
On January 2, 1937, Chiang Kai-shek, who had escaped from danger in Xi'an, returned to his hometown to mourn chiang kai-shek's funeral, and his sister Ruilian said with tears: "Brother, the eldest brother died for you!" Chiang Kai-shek's two lines of tears suddenly burst out of his eyes, and he wrote a letter to express his brotherhood: "It is rare in the world to be a brother, and it is not a matter of time to increase the worries of the service, and even to join the merchants to say goodbye forever; if the underground should visit the parents, in order to repay the rest of their lives, they will finally help Huaxia to comfort my relatives." ”
<h1>bibliography</h1>
1. The Second Historical Archive of China, ed., Compilation of Archival Materials of the Republic of China: Military, Jiangsu Ancient Books Publishing House, 1992.
2. "Long Compilation of Mr. Chiang Kai-shek's Chronology", Taipei "National History Museum", 2015 edition.
3. Zhejiang Provincial COMMITTEE of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, ed., "The Family Lineage of Chiang Kai-shek", Zhejiang People's Publishing House, 1988.