Ancient Chinese poetry is divided into near-body poetry and ancient poetry, that is, gelug poetry and ancient style.
Near-body poetry is a poetic work that abides by the law of the flat and the common, under the premise of observing the law, according to the length of the sentence is divided into absolute sentences (four sentences), rhythmic poems (eight sentences), row law (more than ten sentences), in the number of words in a single sentence is divided into two types, one is five words, one is seven words.
Seven absolutes is the abbreviation of the seven words of the absolute sentence.
Therefore, to judge whether a poem is seven absolute, first of all, seven words and one sentence, seven words. "The First Day" is in line.
In the sound of firecrackers, the spring breeze sends warmth into Tu Su.
Thousands of households always exchange new peaches for old charms.
Four sentences are absolute, seven words and seven words, so "Yuan Day" is a seven-word sentence.
However, as mentioned earlier, the seven words and absolute sentences are not the seven absolutes, and he is also subdivided below into the seven words and the seven words of the law. Only the seven precepts that obey the law of the ordinary and the ordinary can be called the seven absolutes.
So we're going to make a legal judgment.
"One year old in the sound of firecrackers", "firecrackers, one" are all sound words, "仄仄平平仄仄平", so this is a standard 仄起平 closing sentence. According to the rules of derivation of Grammatical poetry (relative, phase sticky), we can derive the overall flat-to-servant relationship (see the Grammatical column for the specific derivation process, which will not be repeated here):
Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping
Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping Ping
Check it word by word, and we will find that the peace and the wife are strict and there is no law.
Then there is only one last hurdle left, rhyme. The requirement of the Grammatical poem for rhyme is to rhyme flat, rhyme to the end.
The sound of firecrackers in the one-year-old except [except: six fish] rhymes
The spring breeze sends warmth into Tu Su [Su: Seven Yu] rhymes
Thousands of households on the dawn of the day
Always replace the new peach with the old charm [Symbol: Seven Yu] rhymes
Here there is a problem, the rhyme of the first sentence and the different parts of the back, does this determine that Wang Anshi's "Yuan Day" can only be seven words and ancient, not seven absolute?
In fact, in the Song Dynasty, because the height of Tang poetry was insurmountable, the Poets of the Song Dynasty on the one hand put the focus on the word plate, on the other hand, they also tentatively developed the style of Tang poetry on a small scale. In fact, he wanted to write poetry again, and he did not write as well as Tang poetry, and he always felt that the rules of Gelu poetry were imprisoned for the increasingly rich cultural life and written expression, so he began to reform the rhyme department.
In a big way, the reduction from Tang Yun's 200 or so rhymes to Pingshui Yun's 106 rhymes is actually a large-scale merger of neighbor rhymes. This is the grand relaxation of the Grammatical poems, don't you mean not to let the rhyme of neighbors? I merged all the neighbor rhymes, and as long as the pronunciation is roughly similar, it can rhyme. It did not break the rules, and it made it easier for poets to create.
At the same time, the Poets of the Song Dynasty also carried out a lot of tentative reforms to the rules of rhyming, although they did not turn the world like modern poetry, but eventually gave birth to some variations, such as "Reel Rhyme" and "Gourd Rhyme". Although the basic rules of the Grammatical poetry are not shaken, they are all flexible.
The biggest, most commonly used, and most accepted by poets is this rhyming situation of "Yuan Ri" - "lonely geese out of the group".
In fact, it refers to the fact that the first sentence of the Grammatical poem is allowed to use neighbor rhymes if it rhymes, just like a lonely white goose flying high with a flock of black geese flapping its wings. On the other hand, there is also the last sentence, which can also use neighbor rhymes, called "lonely geese into the group".
However, these two situations do not exist, that is to say, if there are "lone geese out of the flock", they cannot "lone geese enter the flock". If a near-body poem uses neighbor rhymes in the first sentence and neighbor rhymes in the last sentence, it is out of rhythm.
Obviously, the "First Day" is the state of the lone goose out of the flock, which is called the declension of the Grammatical Poetry, which is allowed by the rules of the Vinaya.
Some friends said, then why can't I use neighbor rhymes in the first sentence, the last sentence, or even the sentence, isn't it more convenient?
Of course, you can, you can even pretend to come up with a new format, called "geese out of the group", there must be many poets have tried in this regard, but the big wave of sand and sand, the entire Song Dynasty rhyme development, but also only survived a few kinds of flexible rhyming declension - some things, you have no problem using alone, but to really get recognition, it needs to be popular.
Besides, if you think about it carefully, the sixteen and fourteen new rhymes are not a big merger of the neighbor rhymes of the 106 parts of the Pingshui rhyme? We use new rhymes to write near-body poems, and it can be said that we do not care about the problem of neighbor rhymes at all.
In fact, the Song Dynasty's reform of the use of poetry rhymes, the biggest is still the production of Pingshui rhymes.
As for these "lonely geese entering and leaving the group" and "reel rhymes" and the like, they are only minor adjustments and have not changed the basic rules of gelug poetry.
This is why we do not mention the reform of the old style poetry today, because the existence of the basic rules can no longer be changed.
Once changed, it became an ancient poem and became a modern poem.
This deliberate attempt at the law makes no sense.
The only thing that can be changed in the new era is to embrace the new rhyme—this is the only way that gelatin poetry can continue to survive and develop in the new era.
Instead of breaking the shackles, the shackles and so on, because if you break the shackles and shackles, you don't belong to the category of the poems, so what else is going on in the field of the poems?