During the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, a total of five major battles were fought in the first phase, and the first three battles severely hit the US army and blinded the US army. In these three battles, the main reason is that the US army is somewhat arrogant and looks down on the volunteer army. As the saying goes, "arrogant soldiers must lose", and the US military is not familiar with the volunteer army at all, and in the end the US army suffered heavy losses. It was not until Ridgway arrived that he understood the laws of the volunteer army's operations. Therefore, the volunteer army adjusted its combat methods in a timely manner.
<h1>01</h1>
In 1951, Chen Geng, deputy commander of the Zhi division, returned to Beijing to report to Chairman Mao on the operations to resist US aggression and aid Korea. It is difficult to destroy the enemy in an organization, because the degree of mechanization of the US army is very high, and if a regiment is surrounded, the US army will quickly break through with armored vehicles and tanks, and it is very fast. Coupled with air fire support, even if the volunteer army surrounds a formation regiment of the US army, it is difficult to eliminate all of them. Chairman Mao realized the inadequacies of our army, which was purely light infantry, and could not rely on two legs to compare with the four wheels of the US army.
In the face of difficulties, there will always be a way. Chairman Mao mentioned the experience of the civil war and believed that it could be learned from the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, and he said that the War of Liberation from 1947 to 1949 was the tactic of fighting the five main forces of the Nationalist Army.
At that time, our army thought that the New 1st Army, the New 6th Army, the 5th Army, the 18th Army, and the New 7th Army (Guizhi) were difficult to fight, and old Chiang Kai-shek also boasted to the outside world that these five armies were the "five main forces." I have to admit that the veteran generals of these five armies are fully equipped with American equipment, some even receive TRAINING from the US military, and some even have clothes from the US military.
In previous battles, our army could form an organization to eliminate state affairs, for example, when Erye fought Yan Xishan's troops in the Shangdang Campaign, he quickly wiped out Lao Yan's troops, and the Pinghan Campaign ate 3 armies in one go. But the battle in the future will be difficult to fight, because the US army intervened, at that time, the old Chiang Kai-shek's troops from infantry to artillery, to tanks, are all American equipment, so the national army movement is very fast, it is difficult for our army to eliminate them all.
In the face of the old Chiang Kai-shek's American-style army, Chairman Mao changed his tactics and instructed our army to eat one bite at a time, first eating one company of the enemy, then one battalion of the enemy, and then two battalions. Battalion-level combat units are critical in battle, and when two battalions are cut off, they can be quickly destroyed.
At this time, after the enemy saw that some battalions were crushed, the combat effectiveness would decline, and at this time he would take the opportunity to eat them one more regiment, two regiments, and then another division, so as to quickly eat the nationalist army. Chairman Mao called this tactic "zero knock brown candy."
This metaphor is apt, because the kraft sugar sticks together, and the more you want to chew, the more you can't chew, so it is better to break the sugar and pick it up and eat it piece by piece. Our army specializes in attacking the weak points of the enemy army, and then in the order of one battalion, two battalions to one regiment, constantly attacks the enemy army, and then concentrates its superior forces and quickly eats up one of their formed units. After that, the morale and confidence of the enemy army will be gone, from small annihilation to large annihilation, and it is precisely this "eating method" of our army that quickly eats the five main forces of old Chiang Kai-shek.
Fighting the U.S. military on the Korean battlefield is different from fighting the Nationalist army, but it is similar, don't always think that you can eat a lot of U.S. troops like at the beginning, because the U.S. military has learned to be cautious. Therefore, it is necessary to change the US military from strong to weak, and the way is to eat a small bite, and when it is eaten to a certain extent, the US military will be weak.
<h1>02</h1>
In the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, how did our army skillfully implement and apply the "zero-knock candy" tactic?
This method of warfare put forward by Chairman Mao coincides with the fourth and fifth battles. However, at that time, there was also a light enemy mentality in the application, thinking that the US military was not terrible, but the way to fight the US army could be the same as the National Army, after all, the US Military was different from the Nationalist Army, the US Military's will to fight was not so weak, and relying on mechanization, just surrounded, the US artillery and tanks came over, and it was difficult to quickly annihilate.
After that, the volunteer army used Chairman Mao's "zero knocking brown candy" to fight a small war of annihilation, that is, the appetite should not be too big. But how to fight a small war of annihilation? To treat them differently, the army of Syngman Rhee can be fought big, because the South Korean army itself is weak, but it cannot be like this to fight the American, British, and Turkish armies, and it is necessary to use the tactic of small encirclement to eat one bite at a time.
At that time, before each battle, the volunteers would carefully select a battalion of enemies, or a little more troops, and then quickly intersperse them with encirclement and annihilation, which shook their self-confidence.
The so-called small annihilation war was taken in the course of the movement, and the volunteer army carried out it very well, fighting as much as it could as long as it had the opportunity, so that small victories would be accumulated into big victories.
The generals who participated in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea recalled that it was good to be able to eat a company of the US troops at that time, because they wanted to eat one by one, so that the US troops would taste bitterness.
In order to effectively implement Chairman Mao's idea of "zero knocking on the candy," the volunteer army adopted various methods to eliminate the enemy, such as ambush warfare in positions and guerrilla warfare in positions, quickly ate a small group of enemies, and then used cold guns and cold cannons to catch the enemy by surprise.
The volunteer army was very flexible in implementing Chairman Mao's thinking, such as "the enemy is tired and we are disturbed", and when the enemy is not moving, we will preemptively launch an attack. In the battle for positions, we sometimes see the data and feel that we do not understand why the repeated scrambles. In fact, this is also a "zero-knock candy" method of warfare, through repeated battles with the enemy, depleting the strength of the US army, dampening its sharpness, and it is much easier to fight later.
<h1>03</h1>
What are the results of the "zero-knock candy" tactic?
In implementing Chairman Mao's "zero-knocking candy" tactics, all units of the Volunteer Army wanted to fight every battle well, which caused great casualties to the US army. After the attacks in the fall of 1952, the Volunteers annihilated 27,000 U.S. troops. Moreover, the application of this method of warfare has also enabled the volunteers to increase their combat experience in seizing positions, and also improved the volunteers' ability to coordinate infantry and artillery and fight continuously. More importantly, the command ability of commanders at all levels has been improved.
In fact, the Battle of Shangganling was the best application of the "zero knock candy" tactic, and at that time, wang Jinshan, deputy commander of the corps, and other corps leaders studied and decided to let the 45th Division concentrate on fighting with all its might. In fact, it is to let the 45th Division fight first, beat out the corps and then send troops. At that time, Cui Jiangong, the commander of the 45th Division, swore to his superiors: "I will be the battalion commander when I fight the remaining battalion, and I will be the company commander when I fight the remaining company." What a momentum this is, with such a division commander, the US military's "Golden Offensive" is no more than that.
On Shangganling, the volunteer army blocked the US army for more than 40 days, repeatedly competed with the US army for a month, and knocked out the stubborn US army little by little.
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