I was a dog that barked for a hundred years and failed to wake up China.
--Ma Xiangbo
Since the late Qing Dynasty, the Chinese nation has been seeking self-improvement, and intellectuals have been constantly shouting in order to awaken the People of china: Don't be numb, don't sleep, forge ahead, and restore the new. It is precisely because of them that China has begun to change its face and get rid of its humiliating history.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="8" >, new ideas of late Qing intellectuals</h1>
Ma Xiangbo is an unfamiliar name to many people, but Fudan University should be familiar to everyone, the predecessor of Fudan University was founded by Ma Xiangbo.
Ma Xiangbo was born in 1840, the year that began China's modern history. The Opium War broke out that year, followed by defeat, land cutting, and reparations. China's history of humiliation under the oppression of the great powers in modern times also began in this year.
The defeat in the Opium War was the beginning of the gradual awakening of the Heavenly Dynasty, the Chinese people began to learn advanced science and technology from abroad, introduced advanced ideas, and Ma Xiangbo also joined the team of saving the survival. At that time, intellectuals believed that it was necessary to open their eyes to the world in order to save China, and this trend of thought also laid the foundation for Ma Xiangbo's life.
Ma Xiangbo grew up in a church school, an experience different from the education of old intellectuals. In ancient times, people were mostly proficient in the Four Books and Five Classics and poetry and song, and were not good at science and science, while Ma Xiangbo learned to speak more Chinese in church schools, learned mathematical knowledge, and was also very interested in astronomy. When Ma Xiangbo was thirty years old, he began to study philosophy again, and he could be said to have learned five cars in Western studies.
Like the intellectuals of his contemporaries, Ma Xiangbo believed that it was necessary to run an industry and propagate science in order to save the survival of the people, and he participated in the foreign affairs movement in his early years. Ma Xiangbo traveled around for this reason, first traveling to various countries, and then proposing reforms to the imperial court after returning. At that time, the forces of the conservative faction in the country were still very stubborn, and Ma Xiangbo's suggestions were often not answered.
Although a small number of people advocate change, if the thinking of the majority of the people is still very old, the road of self-improvement and prosperity will not be able to continue. Ma Xiangbo saw through the reality, no longer pinned his hopes on the imperial court, resigned from the official position, and left the dirty official field.
During the Guangxu years, an opportunity allowed Ma Xiangbo to embark on the road of running a school. The occurrence of the "Ink Bottle Incident" caused indignation among young students, who were extremely dissatisfied with Mr. Mister's oppressive way of education and launched a student movement. This incident shows that the old way of education needs to be reinvented. Ma Xiangbo decided to build a new school, allowing students to develop freely and learn new ideas. So Ma Xiangbo donated his family's fields to the church and established Aurora University, later Fudan University.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="10" > second, to save the country is to read, to read to save the country</h1>
Ma Xiangbo was born in the late Qing Dynasty, but he firmly supported the new ideas and opposed the old ideas. In the photo, Ma Xiangbo is dressed in a robe and elegant manners, as if he were dressed as an old-fashioned intellectual. Ma Xiangbo is by no means a corrupt Confucian, he is a new person who wants to subvert the old order. The Aurora University he founded accepted many rebellious youths, especially students who dropped out of school because of the "Ink Bottle Incident".
Ma Xiangbo's concept of running a school is also very advanced, and to run education is to save the country and revolutionize. He said:
"If we want to revolutionize and save the country, we must begin with the study of modern science; if we want to study modern science, we must begin with the understanding of its language and writing." If there are those who want to understand the foreign Chinese words and writes, and prepare for the salvation of science by studying modern science, please return to me. ”
The new school attracts many young people, aurora college students have increased significantly, and the entire campus is full of vitality. Ma Xiangbo has repeatedly stressed everywhere that young students should always keep the ideal of saving the country in mind. In his speech in Japan, he also said:
"To save the country, do not forget to read, and read without forgetting to save the country."
"Aurora" also has the meaning of "the sunrise in the east, the future is immeasurable". It can be seen that Ma Xiangbo hopes that his students will not read for the purpose of studying in the name of examination merit, but will have the ideal of applying it to the world.
Aurora University has also suffered a crisis. Aurora University was originally donated to the church by Ma Xiangbo, and at the beginning the church also assisted Ma Xiangbo in running many advanced disciplines such as science and astronomy. The church has its own mind, and they want to make this advanced private middle school their missionary base, which is a serious violation of the teaching purpose of Aurora University.
Ma Xiangbo converted to Christianity in his early years, but he firmly disagreed with the use of this school to spread theology, contrary to his original intention of running the school. For this reason, Ma Xiangbo had a dispute with the church. Students at the school decided to withdraw after learning that the school was going to be changed to a church school.
The withdrawal book of the students who recorded the withdrawal of the students was handed to Ma Xiangbo, who looked at these names and remembered the students with whom he had been with them day and night, he was touched by these hot-blooded new youths, shed tears, and resolutely stood with the students.
The crisis of Aurora University has drawn a clear line between Ma Xiangbo and the church, and he has always had a red line in his heart, education is to save the country and seek the prosperity and strength of the nation. Undeterred, he turned to the establishment of Fudan Public School and personally served as a French professor at the school. Ma Xiangbo reopened the school, and the original spirit of Aurora University was inherited in Fudan Public School. The name of "Fudan" is taken from "Sun And MoonLight Hua, Dan Fudan Xi", which encourages students to be able to improve themselves on the road of saving the country and strengthening themselves.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="13" >3, a lifetime to shout</h1>
Throughout his life, Ma Xiangbo wanted to awaken the people of the country, Li Hongzhang was his predecessor, Yan Fu and Zhang Qian were his contemporaries, and Yu Youren was his disciple. Like many intellectuals of his time, he stepped on the soil of old China with one foot and walked with the other on a new era that had not yet arrived.
The private school established by Ma Xiangbo is not only innovative in terms of curriculum, but also uses this school to encourage students to have the world in mind. The intellectuals at that time hoped to enlighten the people with new ideas and thus achieve the goal of saving the country. He said to his students:
Don't think of the family as the family, but with society as the family.
Ma Xiangbo also has an inclusive attitude towards a variety of different ideologies and cultures. Ma Xiangbo's earliest students came from all over China, from south to north, with different backgrounds and different ideas. His goal is to enable all students in the north and south of China to establish the spirit of advocating science and to strengthen the contingent of saving the country and trying to survive step by step.
Like the advanced intellectuals of that time, Ma Xiangbo first awakened, hoping that Chinese would also awaken and fundamentally change their thinking, so as to achieve the road of rejuvenating China. However, he woke up too early, he experienced a pool of stagnant late Qing officialdom, experienced the old-fashioned education with crippled shortcomings, and he saw that many people were still sleeping on the long road. Ma Xiangbo traveled all his life and said on his deathbed:
"I'm a dog that barked for a hundred years and couldn't wake up China."
A hundred years of wind and rain have passed, and the people of Chinese have stood up and worked hard for the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Our ideals have not yet been realized, we cannot be insensitive, we must wake up, we must emit a beam of light...