Feng Yanwei, character in the middle, Southern Tang Dynasty literati. Feng Yanshu was brilliant and closely related to Li Jing, the prince of the Southern Tang Dynasty, and when Li Jing was a marshal, Feng Yanshu served as the secretary of the Marshal's Office, and two years after Li Jing ascended the throne, Feng Yanshu paid homage to the chancellor.
Feng Yanshu was an important link in the development of Song ci, and he inherited Wen Wei (Wen Tingjun, Wei Zhuang) and Qi Yan Ou (Yan Shu, Ouyang Xiu), which was inherited from the Huajian poets but was also self-contained, which had a profound impact on the words filled in by later generations of literati.
Feng Yanmi's words, which clearly embody the characteristics of the word "to be repaired" (simply put, it is subtle and deep), in the realm of the predecessors to promote and expand a layer, his words are very elegant and sad beauty, this beauty is quite infectious, such as his "Butterfly Love Flower : Who Is Idle and Abandoned for a Long Time"
Butterflies love flowers
Who is idle and thrown for a long time. Every spring comes, the sorrow is still there. Alcohol is often sick before flowers. Zhu Yan was thin in the mirror. Willow on the riverbank. In order to ask the new worries, what happens every year. Independent bridge wind full sleeves. After the return of the Hirabayashi Crescent.
Who says that idleness has been thrown away for a long time? Every spring day, there is still an endless haunting of sorrow. Drinking alcohol every day, how to care about the discomfort after drinking, how to care about the appearance of the body. The grass by the river, the thin willows by the river, can you tell me why there are so many new sorrows every year? Pinglin desert, the beginning of the new moon rises, at this time the people who swim in the spring have dispersed, the shadows are far away, the voices are quiet, leaving only my independent bridge, let the evening wind full of sleeves.
Elegance, deep elegance, and beautiful beauty are the labels of this song, but if you let the reader say, what is the "leisure" and "new sorrow" mentioned in Feng Zhengzhong's words? However, it is difficult to clearly point out that this is not at all similar to Wei Zhuang's words, and Wei Zhuang can tell a specific thing in the words, such as Wei Zhuang's "Female Crown Son: April 17"——
Female crown
Wei Zhuang Tang
April 17th, it was last year today, when the Emperor was gone. Bear the tears and lower your face, and half raise your eyebrows.
I don't know that my soul is broken, and there are dreams in the air. Except for the moon, no one knows.
In this poem by Wei Zhuang, the event is described in detail and in detail: On this day last year, I am separated from you. Watching you slightly bow your head in order to hold back tears, watching you silently break up with me with a shy frown... Do you know that my soul is broken, and I dream of returning to the Red Chamber at night, and this thought is no longer known to anyone except the oblique moon on the edge of the sky.
This is the moving point of Wei Zhuang, who transmits emotions through a specific event to infect people's hearts.
But Feng Yanmi is not, Feng Zhengzhong's melancholy is unclear, such as the previous song "Butterfly Love Flower", it is difficult for us to clarify what "leisure" and "new sorrow" refer to in the words, if you want to read Feng Yanmi, we can't help but look at the background of the era in which he is living
The Southern Tang Dynasty, where Feng Yanmi was located, was a small country in a corner of the five generations, it was difficult to attack and retreat, the future of the country was worrying, domestic political disputes were constant, and Feng Yanmi, as the prime minister, could not get rid of various whirlpools, and must be depressed in his heart, but he wanted to say and could not say, he could only use the poetry Xiaoling to express Block Lei, but Feng Zhengzhong also had a superior who knew words very well- Li Jing, the lord of the middle, so that Feng Yanmi could not express his chest directly if he wanted to express his feelings, and could only use the identity of the relocated guest Si Woman to express his sorrow. Feng Xu of the Qing Dynasty said in the preface to the "Yang Chun Collection": "Weng is responsible for his talents, cannot be saved, and in the midst of danger and chaos, those who are depressed and unsophisticated are born in words." When the modern person Rao Zongyi commented on Feng Zhengzhong's words, he also said: "There is nothing in the language that is far-reaching, and the identity of non-Feng Gong cannot be expressed", "Seeing the embrace of the old minister of Kaiji", etc. From this we can see that the worries in Feng Zhengzhong's center are implicitly expressed through poetry, showing a kind of deep and hidden, low-wandering and reciprocating meaning. His "Butterfly Love Flower" series is a very vivid reflection.
Today we will pick one of them and read it together.
Magpie treading branches
Feng Yanshu Five generations
Plums fall into thousands of pieces, as if they are sentimental, learning snow to turn with the wind. Last night's song was easy to disperse, and the wine woke up infinitely.
Upstairs, the spring cold mountain is on all sides, and the twilight smoke is shallow. When the fence was gone, the fish covered his tears and thought about it all over again.
"Que Ta Zhi", Tang Jiaofang song, later used in the word plate, also known as "Butterfly Love Flower", "Fengqi Wu", "Golden Wisp", "Rolling Bead Curtain".
The first three sentences of this first word present a flowing and poignant scene, thousands of falling plums falling from the dense branches, they are amorous and tight, they are flying, like snowflakes fluttering with the wind. "Like self-sentimentality", "learning snow to turn with the wind", this anthropomorphic writing method makes Luo Mei have human character, she is not only the poet's "eye view", similar descriptions of the later lord has also had, for example, the hou lord's "Qing Ping Le Don't Come to the Spring Half" has a sentence: "The falling plum is like snow chaos, and the body is still full." In the small order of the later lord, Luo Mei Ruxue is just a "vision in the eyes", but in this word, Feng Zhengzhong gives Luo Mei a sense of self- awareness, she is reticent and affectionate, even if she falls, she must use "prosperity" to decorate, which adds a kind of affection, helplessness but also contains a hint of grandeur, which is also Feng Yanmi's "old minister" wind bone.
At the end of the film: Last night's song was easy to disperse, and the wine woke up infinitely.
It is only in these two sentences that the poet's own inner activity is clearly seen from the words. A song has dissipated last night, compared with today's silence, making people feel infinite sorrow, prosperity is too short, the song is so, a person's life is like this, and the fate of a country is also like this.
At the end of the film, the poet let out a sigh of relief.
In the next film, the poet continues the meaning of the ending sentence of the previous film, standing on a tall building, looking around, seeing that they are all spring mountains, and the cold is compelling. Just looking at the spring mountains in the distance is already desolate enough, but the poet feels that it is not enough, it must be "cold on all sides", and it is cold on all sides, which makes the poet's sense of loneliness completely exposed and invisible.
At this time, the sky is far away, and the two words "over" make the reader clearly understand that the flying hung is gradually passing away, getting farther and farther, until the process of flying out of the field of vision, the sky returns to silence, the twilight is deep and shallow, and the sky and earth are misty. "Twilight smoke depth", refers to the evening fog far more thick, close to the faint, the poet on the tall building to look around the cold mountain, watching the distant flying geese, and from far to near, see the twilight smoke deep and shallow, which highlights the poet's smallness, loneliness and sorrow at this moment.
"When the fence is gone, the fish hides tears and thinks about it all over the place."
The word "YiYi" is very special, it refers to the passage of time, which means "temporary" and also means "long-lasting". For example, the later lord Li Yu's "Waves and Sand Orders: Rain Outside the Curtain Babbling", which has a sentence: In the dream, I do not know that I am a guest, and I am greedy and happy. The "yiyi" in it should refer to the temporary, after the Lord briefly returned to the homeland in his dream and enjoyed a moment of joy.
And the "yiyi" in this word, combined with the context, should be a long time of melancholy gaze, so the poet can carefully see the falling plums like snow, one after another; can see and feel the forced cold breath of the spring mountains on all sides; can see Guihong gradually fly out of the sky, and send away the day, ushering in the twilight, in this long period of standing by the fence, always "people do not see", is this "person" a relative, a friend or a lover? Unbeknownst to us, we can only feel the poet's loneliness and sorrow, and it is difficult to restrain ourselves.
The last sentence ends with "The Fish Hides Tears and Thinks Over And Over."
The fish is a silken woven by the legendary South China Sea fish people. In this poem, it refers to the exquisite silk paw.
Wiping the tears with exquisite spar, all the sorrows are "thought over and over again", which shows the depth of the poet's sorrow, the cut of desolation, and the breadth of sorrow.
Although this small order is not Feng Zhengzhong's masterpiece, it also fully embodies the stylistic characteristics of the middle word, and creates a subtle and profound aesthetic realm through various imagery metaphors, which is a rare contribution of Feng Yanmi to the development of Song Ci.