In the last years of the Qing Dynasty, the democratic revolutionary movement rose and fell one after another, and the benevolent people and heroes went forward to succeed each other, dealing a heavy blow to the Qing Dynasty. Many of these benevolent men were originally from within the ruling class. They fought back against the camp that originally belonged to them, completing the sublimation from thought to action.
Among them is a female Haojie, her name is Qiu Jin.
One
Qiu Jin (秋瑾), courtesy name Jingxiong, was a native of Shanyin, Zhejiang (present-day Shaoxing, Zhejiang), born in 1875. Qiu Jin was born in a family of officials and eunuchs, and her great-grandfather, grandfather, and father were all born in the imperial court and served as officials. His father's name was Qiu Shounan, and he gave birth to Qiu Jin when he was an official in Fujian. Qiu Shounan once served as an aide to Liu Mingchuan, the first inspector of Taiwan Province, and Qiu Jin followed him to live in Taiwan for several years.
Qiu Jin
In 1895, Qiu Shounan was transferred to Hunan as an official, and the official was chenzhou and Guiyang zhizhou. It was while serving as an official in Hunan that Qiu Shounan became acquainted with Zeng Guangjun, the eldest grandson of Zeng Guofan, and through Zeng Guangjun befriended Wang Huangchen, the owner of the Yiyuan pawnshop in Xiangtan. Wang Dichen is a native of Shuangfeng County, Hunan Province, a local rich family, friendly to the Zeng Guofan family for generations and in-law. Later, under the introduction of the matchmaker, Qiu Shounan married his daughter Qiu Jin to Wang Tingjun, the third son of Wang Huangchen.
On April 5, 1896, Wang Tingjun and Qiu Jin held a grand wedding ceremony at the lotus leaf god Chong Lao Shop. That year, Wang Tingjun was 17 years old and Qiu Jin was 21 years old. From the perspective of age, Qiu Jin was actually 4 years older than her husband. After getting married, Qiu Jin lived in her in-laws' house and lived a harmonious life with her husband. Qiu Jin bore her husband a son, named Wang Yuande.
Two
As the son of a rich family, Wang Tingjun has 10,000 acres of good land at home, which is enough to have no worries about food and clothing for a lifetime, and lacks the motivation to work hard and forge ahead. He took the imperial examination twice, but did not succeed and has since given up. Anyway, as long as you have money, it is not difficult to donate an official position to be a pawn. Later, Wang Tingjun really donated an official position and was appointed as the head of the household department of Zheng Liupin.
Wang Tingjun
In 1900, Wang Tingjun left his hometown in Hunan and happily took his wife Qiu Jin and son Wang Yuande to the capital and took up his post. Unfortunately, soon the Eight-Nation Alliance invaded the capital, and even Empress Dowager Cixi and the Guangxu Emperor fled, and Wang Tingjun and Qiu Jin had to temporarily return to their hometown in Hunan. In 1901, Qiu Jin gave birth to a daughter for her husband at the lotus leaf god Chong Old Shop, named Wang Canzhi.
By the way, Wang Canzhi grew up to study aviation and was the first female pilot in China.
In 1903, waiting for the situation in the capital to gradually calm down, Wang Tingjun came to the capital for the second time with his wife Qiu Jin and returned to his original post. It was at this time that Qiu Jin met his wife Wu Zhiying through Wang Tingjun's colleague, Hubu Langzhong Lianquan.
Three
Wu Zhiying was born into a famous family and was famous for her poetry, literature and calligraphy. Wu Zhiying opened up a new world for Qiu Jin, making her understand that the original world was so wonderful and diverse. Qiu Jin's patriotic feelings sprouted under the inspiration of Wu Zhiying. Wu Zhiying sent Qiu Jin a couplet: "Today and what year, a few heads of the kings have come here to drink bitterly; it is difficult to do everything, and the brothers and sisters of the four seas are competing for the new yuan of the century." ”
Wu Zhiying
Qiu Jin felt nostalgic for a long time and asked Qingtian for the wine.
Patriotism cannot stay on paper, but must be put into action. In 1904, Qiu Jin left her husband and went to Japan to study at her own expense. During his time in Japan, Qiu Jin embarked on the road of democratic revolution, and under the pseudonym of "Jian Hu Woman", wrote a large number of articles attacking the Qing court and calling for national salvation. Later, he joined the Restoration Society and the League. Wang Tingjun was also influenced by his wife, resigned his official position, and returned to Hunan, waiting for his wife to return.
Four
In 1906, Qiu Jin returned to China and taught in his hometown of Shaoxing and Huzhou. In the winter of this year, in order to establish the "China Women's Daily", Qiu Jin returned to her in-laws' home in Hunan and asked her in-laws for a sum of money to run a newspaper.
Qiu Jin knew very well that she had already seen through life and death when she joined the revolutionary movement, but she could not implicate her in-laws because of this, so she declared that she would sever ties with her in-laws. Tan Rifeng's "Common Sense of Xiangxiang History" records: "(Qiu Jin) once returned to his hometown, said goodbye to his family, and declared that he was separated from the relationship between flesh and bones. At that time, the relatives and friends in the township were all shocked and strange, thinking that they were crazy, and they spit on them, but in fact, the lady served Weng Gu, treated her husband and children, and had a very good feeling. Since he was determined to revolution, he was afraid of connecting with his family, so he had the act of separating from the family, which was a way to hide his eyes and ears. ”
Qiu Jin stills
Qiu Jin also bid farewell to her husband in a resolute way: "I have promised the country with my body, and it will be difficult to reunite in the future, so jun can choose another good mate as an internal help." ”
I don't know how Wang Tingjun felt when he heard it?
Five
"Autumn wind and autumn rain are sad." In the early morning of July 15, 1907, after leaving these 7-character last words, Qiu Jin calmly took revenge at Xuantingkou in Shaoxing, Zhejiang.
This poem was not created by Qiu Jin, but by the Qing Dynasty poet Tao Zongliang.
After Qiu Jin's heroic sacrifice, her body was buried by the Tongshan Bureau, and she stopped in the temple, and no one dared to bury her. Her good sister Wu Zhiying, with the support of her husband Lian Quan, and Qiu Jin's good friend Xu Zihua ventured to buy a cemetery by the Xiling Bridge in the West Lake and buried Qiu Jin here.
Wu Zhiying in front of Qiu Jin's tomb
However, in 1908, the QiuJin cemetery was leveled by the Qing court. In the name of his son Wang Yuande, Wang Tingjun transported Qiu Jin's spirit tree back to Zhaoshan Mountain in Xiangtan, Hunan Province, and temporarily buried it in the tomb of Wang's ancestors.
According to the customs of the past, people who died unnaturally outside could not be buried in their ancestral graves, not to mention that Qiu Jin was a well-known revolutionary. Wang Tingjun's move took a great risk, and it also proved that he still had deep feelings for Qiu Jin.
In 1909, Wang Tingjun died at the age of 30. Will he and his beloved wife meet under the Nine Springs?