The three core trends in the future development of mainland countries are the de-financialization of real estate assets, the de-industrialization of education, and the de-marketization of medical care. In the future, the deindustrialization of education may be ranked second in the important trend of the country's three core trend strategies. The industrialization of education used to be the most important part of the reform of the mainland's education system, but it may also be the link that is most worthy of reflection and summary.
First of all, what is the industrialization of education? What problems have arisen in the industrialization of education?
In layman's terms, the industrialization of education is to develop education as an industry. It is mainly manifested in the rapid development of private educational institutions marked by high fees, the continuous improvement of school tuition standards, and the increasing scale of school financing.
The rapid development of private educational institutions marked by high fees has promoted the development of education in mainland China, but high fees have also been greatly questioned and concerned. According to Deloitte, the number of international and private schools on the mainland more than doubled to 734 in the eight years from 2010 to 2017. According to Frost & Sullivan, the market size of international schools and private education will reach 500 billion yuan. According to the Blue Book of Private Education: Report on the Development of China's Private Education Industry (2019) released by the School of Economics and Management of Beijing Normal University, the overall scale of private education in mainland China is expected to reach 3.36 trillion yuan in 2020 and nearly 5 trillion yuan in 2025.
Some private schools charge more and more than 150,000 to 200,000 yuan a year at the primary and secondary school levels, and some people estimate that the cost of a child before going to college is 3 million yuan; Although it is difficult to get into the compulsory education stage of public schools, at the same time, there are more and more extracurricular training fees and miscellaneous expenses, and the tuition fees of universities are often thousands of yuan or even tens of thousands of yuan, which also discourages many families who are not wealthy, and bluntly say that they "can't afford it". Some educational institutions have estimated that education expenses on the mainland already account for 20 to 50 percent of household disposable income.
Another manifestation of the industrialization of education is the increasing scale of school financial financing, which leads to the desperate expansion of enrollment and making money by schools. In 2020, the number of graduate students enrolled in mainland China has reached 1,106,600, nearly double that of 538,200 in 2010, the enrollment of college students in mainland China was about 100,000 in 1998, and the number of college graduates will reach 10.76 million in 2022, and the number of university students in 2021 will exceed 33 million, an increase of nearly 300 times. According to the data of the Social Blue Book released by the Academy of Social Sciences, in 2005, the loans from public universities in mainland China to banks were roughly 150 billion to 200 billion yuan, and the balance of loans from banks in some colleges and universities was as high as 1 billion to 2 billion yuan. According to other data, it is conservatively estimated that the debt of mainland universities in 2007 exceeded 400 billion yuan.
The industrialization of education has undermined the universality of compulsory education and led to the loss of the possibility of fair education in educational resources. As a result, quality education is becoming more and more impetuous, the cost of education is getting higher and higher, and some families have lost the opportunity and ability to educate; Public education is increasingly relegated to the name of low-quality education and bottom-level education.
Second, how to understand the de-industrialization of education? What exactly is the de-industrialization of education?
The essence of education de-industrialization is to remove excessive marketization and excessive capitalization in education, not to remove market-oriented operation and management in education.
The core of the de-industrialization of education is to return the fairness of education and the basic attributes of education, and change the industrialization phenomenon that rich people can go to good schools, children from rich families can get more educational resources, and rich children can make up classes, and even scores are no longer the only standard for assessing students' grades, but on the basis of scores, a comprehensive quality assessment is added, that is, the comprehensive development of "morality, intelligence, physical fitness, aesthetics, and labor" that we have put forward before.
Although education cannot be completely de-commercialized, it can be de-capitalized, which not only changes all kinds of unreasonable high education fees, but also changes the development of various abnormal education caused by capital control education.
Third, what impact will education have on our lives after it is de-marketized?
The impact of education de-marketization on the future is very huge, a very obvious feature is that the control and influence of capital on education is weakening, so not rich children can go to good schools, nor rich families can choose better schools, which is a loss for those families who have been far away from the starting line, but for the children of the vast majority of families, it is a kind of fairness in front of education and fairness in the starting line of education.
The weakening of education and training, with the main goal of improving academic performance, will become the norm, but a new kind of track will be opened, and what is this track? It is the special education of children.
In the future, children's education does not necessarily have to be all-round development, but a skill can be considered, such as sports expertise, art expertise, literary and artistic expertise, piano, chess, calligraphy and painting, etc. Students with good scores on a single test are not necessarily favored by good universities, but children with average grades and a skill are more likely to be recognized by good schools, especially those with traditional specialties who prefer those with related specialties.
Professional skills are more important than today's test scores in the future, and test-oriented education that is dead and dead reading may be more challenging, and at the same time, the challenge for parents will be greater, because it is more difficult for parents to change their educational philosophy, which is a deviation that is particularly prone to in the future.
The de-industrialization of education is definitely not a utopian dream, and it has come to our lives. Are you ready? (Qijian)