Build a "blue granary" and ask for food from the ocean

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that China is a large country with a population of more than 1.4 billion, and to solve the problem of food and ensure food security, it is necessary to establish a big food concept, not only to ask for food from the land, but also to the sea.

The General Office of the Ministry of Natural Resources and the General Office of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs jointly issued the Notice on Optimizing the Management of Sea for Aquaculture (hereinafter referred to as the "Notice"). How to optimize management? How to dispose of the sea clearance for aquaculture? Recently, the heads of relevant departments and bureaus of the Ministry of Natural Resources and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs made an interpretation.

Ask for heat and protein from the ocean, and build a "blue granary"

The sea area used for aquaculture is the type of sea area with the largest sea area on the mainland. According to the person in charge of the relevant departments and bureaus of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the existing marine aquaculture area in the mainland is 31.11 million mu, and the sea for aquaculture has become 1.8 billion mu of cultivated land.

According to the person in charge of the relevant departments and bureaus of the Ministry of Natural Resources, the "Notice" is based on strictly abiding by the bottom line of resource security, optimizing the spatial pattern of the territory, promoting green and low-carbon development, and safeguarding the rights and interests of resource assets, and proposes a series of policy measures to optimize the management of aquaculture sea.

The first is to promote the conservation and intensive utilization of marine resources. At present, the development intensity of the coastal waters of the mainland is high, and the utilization of local sea areas is extensive and inefficient. By optimizing the management of aquaculture sea, scientifically determining the scale and layout of aquaculture sea, and encouraging the development of multi-level comprehensive aquaculture, we can make full use of the three-dimensional space of seawater and further improve the utilization efficiency of marine resources.

The second is to promote the high-quality development of marine fisheries. According to the person in charge of the relevant departments and bureaus of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the mainland, as the world's largest aquaculture country, can effectively promote the upgrading and high-quality development of marine aquaculture by optimizing the management of aquaculture and implementing the ecological aquaculture sea method, stabilize and expand the supply of marine aquaculture products, and lay a solid foundation for the construction of a "blue granary".

The third is to strengthen the protection of the marine ecological environment. At present, the irregular development of marine aquaculture in some areas has a certain impact on the local marine environment, and the overdevelopment of some marine aquaculture has affected the function of coastal wetlands to a certain extent. By optimizing the management of aquaculture sea, strictly controlling the scale of new sea aquaculture, and not occupying the natural coastline and ecological protection red line, it is conducive to protecting and improving the marine ecological environment.

Properly dispose of stocks, add new classified control, and promote green farming

Optimizing the management of sea for aquaculture has a positive effect on safeguarding the rights and interests of owners of marine resources and promoting social stability in coastal areas.

The "Notice" puts forward policies and measures to optimize the management of aquaculture sea from six aspects: scientifically determining the scale and layout of aquaculture sea, classifying and controlling new aquaculture seas, properly disposing of existing aquaculture seas, comprehensively standardizing the approval and transfer of aquaculture seas, actively promoting ecological aquaculture seas and effectively strengthening the supervision of aquaculture seas.

On the one hand, it is necessary to properly dispose of the stock and add new ones by classification.

Large-scale marine aquaculture in mainland China began in the 80s of the last century, with a long history of aquaculture sea, and the specific problems are complex, some of which have not met the requirements of existing spatial planning or ecological protection red line control, and some have not gone through the approval procedures for sea use in accordance with the law.

At the same time, there are various ways of using the sea for aquaculture in the mainland, and the business entities are diverse, so it is necessary to take control measures by classification and clarify the management requirements. For the enclosed aquaculture that changes the natural attributes of the sea area, it is necessary to strictly control the scale of new sea use; For the commercial aquaculture sea, encourage the market-oriented way of transfer; For artificial reef-type marine ranches, it is necessary to make a scientific assessment and reasonably determine the mode and scale of sea use.

On the other hand, it is necessary to reduce the burden on fishermen and promote green aquaculture.

Safeguarding the basic rights and interests of traditional fishermen is an important basis for ensuring people's livelihood and social stability, delineating a certain range of fishermen's traditional aquaculture sea areas, further optimizing the approval procedures for applying for sea aquaculture, reducing or exempting sea space use fees in accordance with the law, and effectively reducing the burden on traditional fishermen.

Compared with the traditional breeding method, the ecological health breeding mode has more advanced facilities and equipment, more advanced breeding technology, more efficient production methods, and less impact on the marine ecological environment. It is necessary to actively encourage the promotion of ecological and healthy breeding models, promote the application of ecological and environmental protection materials for aquaculture, improve the modernization level of aquaculture facilities and equipment, and promote the green and high-quality development of the aquaculture industry.

Clearly stipulate the scope and disposal principles of sea clearance for aquaculture

According to the person in charge of the relevant departments and bureaus of the Ministry of Natural Resources, in order to maintain the order of sea area management and protect the marine ecological environment, the two types of existing aquaculture sea should be cleared in an orderly manner. The "Notice" requires the proper disposal of the existing aquaculture sea, and clearly stipulates the scope and disposal principles of the existing aquaculture sea.

Which aquaculture seas must be withdrawn?

First, the aquaculture sea that is located within the ecological protection redline and does not comply with the control policy of the Notice of the Ministry of Natural Resources, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment and the State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Strengthening the Management of Ecological Conservation Redlines (Trial); The second is the aquaculture sea that does not have a legal and compliant real estate right certificate or right certificate, aquaculture certificate, etc., outside the ecological protection red line, and does not conform to the overall land and space planning, coastal zone planning, and special planning such as aquaculture water and tidal flat planning. Aquaculture activities that comply with control policies are allowed within the ecological protection red line without expanding the existing scale of aquaculture. Considering that artificial reefs play a certain role in improving the marine ecological environment, and the recovery of artificial reefs that have been put into artificial reefs is difficult and costly, and the removal will cause damage to marine ecological functions, the marine ranches that have been put into artificial reefs are not within the scope of removal.

The disposal of the existing aquaculture sea shall be carried out in accordance with the principles of laws and regulations, respect for history, and prudence and order.

First, in accordance with laws and regulations. Coastal areas should be disposed of in accordance with the "Law of the People's Republic of China on the Management of the Use of Sea Areas", "Fishery Law of the People's Republic of China" and relevant regulations, and those involved in the illegal use of the sea for aquaculture should be investigated and dealt with according to law, and the economic losses brought by the removal to the legal and compliant aquaculture producers should be compensated according to law.

The second is to respect history. Aquaculture sea is a long-standing traditional sea activities, involving the basic livelihood and vital interests of the majority of fishermen, so in the disposal of the work to fully consider historical factors, combined with facts and policies, objective and fair handling of relevant issues, in line with the "two certificates" should be reissued as soon as possible.

The third is to be prudent and orderly. All coastal localities should adhere to the people's position, enhance their awareness of the overall situation, strengthen their responsibility, and gradually advance the handling work, and must not adopt "sporty" or "one-size-fits-all" measures. Where social stability risks are involved, a social stability risk assessment should be carried out.

The person in charge of the relevant department of the Ministry of Natural Resources said that in terms of safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of traditional fishermen, the "Notice" clarified the demarcation of fishermen's traditional aquaculture sea areas according to local conditions, giving priority to ensuring the use of local traditional fishermen in the sea, effectively reducing the burden of fishermen, and allowing the construction of necessary facilities in the sea aquaculture area.

Source丨People's Daily