In 1949, after the founding of the People's Republic of China, the mainland had not yet shaken off poverty and hardship, and the economic and industrial environment was a key factor shackling the mainland's development. In the face of a crisis-ridden international environment, millet plus rifles are far from sufficient. Therefore, in order to defend the country and provide an opportunity for the peaceful development of New China, the leadership decided to start with the navy and form a powerful naval force.
At that time, China's industrial strength as a whole lagged behind that of the world powers. Moreover, the Chinese Navy lacked large surface ships and related naval armament, and only 4 lead destroyers were purchased from the Soviet Navy. This has led to a great violation of China's sovereignty over territorial waters.
Therefore, the idea of an offshore defense system came into being. Under the guidance of this ideology, the formation of the Chinese Navy revolves around the development of "air and submarine fast". The so-called "air-submarine fast" refers to the strategy of naval aviation, naval submarines, and small ships that can be quickly deployed to nearby waters.
In the early days, although the "air-dive fast" strategy effectively resisted the maritime invasion of neighboring countries, due to the gap in equipment, the damage caused by China's torpedoes and artillery did not meet the expected goals. With the development of China's scientific and technological strength, the Chinese Navy's anti-ship missile technology has become more and more mature, and the construction of various missile ships has gradually been put on the agenda, and the most classic of them is the 022 missile ship.
The 022 missile ship is equipped with extremely sufficient firepower, although it is only two hundred tons, but it is equipped with eight YJ-83 anti-ship missiles, which can even rival some medium-sized destroyers. Not only that, the shape of the 022 missile ship has also been specially designed to make it stable in a high-speed shuttle state.
However, although this ship has many advantages, around 2010, the 022 missile ship began to be gradually mothballed. There are even countries that have spent huge sums of money to buy 022 ships, but they have been rejected by the mainland.
Until now, there has been very little news about it. Why, then, is such a Chinese Navy's main equipment mothballed? Why is the Chinese government reluctant to sell the ships even if they are mothballed? Next, let's walk into the past and present life of the 022 ship to understand the story behind the incident.
022's past and present lives
Back at the end of the 20th century, the US military knew that the mainland did not have enough naval defense forces, so it often used large aircraft carrier battle groups to hang around the mainland's territorial waters and create disputes to put pressure on the mainland's navy.
Despite the anger, the mainland lacked the corresponding technology for large surface ships, so it had to swallow its anger. But it didn't take long for the mainland to think of using stealthy, fast light missile ships to block the US aircraft carrier battle group, causing interference and damage to it. In this case, the 022 missile ship was mass-produced and put into service.
Presumably, the comrades who are military fans who are highly concerned about the military development of the mainland on weekdays will not be unfamiliar with the great name of the 022 missile ship. It has extremely high sailing speed and maneuverability, and it is far superior to similar ships in terms of stability, and because of its ample artillery and semi-stealth characteristics, it has become the main ship of the continental navy as soon as it comes out.
At the beginning of the design, the 022 ship continued to develop in the direction of stealth and surprise attack. Its shape is a complex design with a large angle of inclination, which is quite a bit of a stealth fighter F11 Nighthawk. This design can not only greatly reduce the possibility of being detected by radar signals, but also reduce the radar launch area at sea after stealth processing.
And in terms of armament, 022 is also different from previous missile ships. As mentioned above, its inclined anti-ship missile module is loaded with 8 YJ-83 anti-ship missiles.
The missile was first unveiled at the 1999 National Day 50th anniversary parade, and although it is not the most top-of-the-line anti-ship weapon, it is powerful enough to smack. Its presence was a major threat to American aircraft carriers, fearing American-made Burke-class destroyers and even Ticonrodga-class cruisers.
In addition, the 022 ship is also equipped with a velocity gun to prevent the approach of smaller ships, which further improves the military combat capability of the 022 ship. When encountering small submarines of neighboring countries, the use of YJ-83 anti-ship missiles is undoubtedly "anti-aircraft guns to hit mosquitoes", and then it is possible to use fire rate guns to strike at relatively small targets.
However, although the design concept and armament of the 022 ship were very suitable for the national defense needs of the environment at the time, it did not serve for too long. After the relatively advanced 052D ships were successfully developed and put into service, the number of 022 missile ships decreased sharply, and it is said that "the 022 ships have been mothballed in large numbers, and only a small number of them are in service." "Judging by the appearance rate of the 022 ship in recent years, it seems that this is indeed the case. So, what is the reason for this?
Defects of the 022 missile ship
After a large number of 022 missile ships are put into service, the Chinese Navy hopes to use its advantages of stealth and high maneuverability to carry out targeted strikes on US ships and aircraft carrier fleets. It was originally thought that the 022 missile ship could cooperate harmoniously with China's existing military system, abandon the ship's radar, and attack hostile ships based on the information obtained. After the first blow is successful, it is thousands of miles away.
Unfortunately, the war between the two countries is not something that can be won by imagination alone, and the design idea of the 022 missile ship is somewhat wishful thinking. After all, in modern warfare, the aircraft carrier battle group is the target of carrier-based aircraft within a radius of 600 kilometers. If you want 022 to achieve a perfect strike on the aircraft carrier, it is necessary for the aircraft carrier to be in a narrow area, and it is possible for the missile boat to break through the obstacles of the carrier-based aircraft.
And obviously, the US side will not be so smart as to abandon the favorable terrain of the vast sea and drive the aircraft carrier to the narrow strait to start a war with China. Even if the 022 missile boat can avoid radar scanning, it cannot avoid the detection of aircraft carriers.
In addition, the 022 ship is not equipped with sufficiently professional anti-aircraft guns, and there is only one imitation Russian-made 630 close defense gun with a very low probability of interception. Therefore, if the 022 ship is sent to carry out the task of intercepting the aircraft carrier, it will most likely be the end of losing the wife and losing the army.
The inability to integrate into the existing military system is only one of the reasons why the 022 missile ship was mothballed. On the other hand, although the 022 missile ship is the crystallization of the mainland's high technology and high intelligence, it has extremely expensive maintenance costs.
Take the waterjet in it, for example, it is an extremely important part of powering the 022 ship. But it is very delicate, not only has a more harsh use environment, but also the sediment and impurities at sea may cause it to fail. Coupled with the high cost and maintenance expenses of special composite materials and wave-piercing hulls, the 022 missile ships have been gradually eliminated and mothballed.
Moreover, although the 022 missile ship sails extremely fast, it can even reach a high speed of 50 knots. But it is also the result that although it is small, it is extremely fuel-intensive. The fuel cost after each mission is enough to use the unit for a while.
It is precisely for the above reasons that the 022 missile ship is in an embarrassing position of "tasteless food, and it is a pity to abandon it". In the far sea, the terrifying fuel consumption of the Type 022 missile ship is a great drawback, and it is far less practical than the missile frigate of more than 300 tons. In terms of coastal defense, the 056 corvette, which is cheaper, is more cost-effective.
Therefore, although the Type 022 missile ships once occupied the main position in the history of the mainland navy, the number even reached a terrifying more than 80. However, with the development of the times, the Type 022 missile ships, which have weak prevention and control forces and blank anti-submarine fields, have also had to be regrettably decommissioned. Today, except for a small number of Type 022 ships on the Nansha islands and reefs, the rest have been mothballed by the national navy.
For sale?
In fact, there are many people who will feel pity for the 022 missile submarine, and at the same time there are some puzzles. "Since the 022 missile ship has not been put into service for a long time, it means that it still has a lot of room for use, so why not take this opportunity to sell it abroad? If you eat ash in the warehouse, isn't it a waste? ”
First of all, although the applicability of the 022 missile boat continent is not extensive and the scientific and technological content is low, this is only for the United States, Russia and other militarily developed countries. If the stealth technology of the 022 missile boat and the production and use of composite materials are brought out, it can still throw a lot of other countries behind.
Take Iran, a country that is still investing heavily in the construction of missile boats, for example, although Iran has invested a lot in the construction of missile boats, and has repeatedly innovated in terms of models and technology, its performance is still at a disadvantage compared with the 022 missile ship. Whether it is the huge power of the YJ-83 anti-ship missile or the stealth performance of the 022 missile boat, it is coveted by Middle Eastern countries, including Iran. Therefore, in order to prevent the leakage of technology, the probability of the export of 022 missile ships is extremely low.
For countries that want to spend a lot of money to buy 022 missile ships, the purpose of their purchase is nothing more than twofold: one is to study the advanced technology of 022 missile ships for application in their own national defense.
The second is to use the 022 missile ship in anti-aircraft carrier operations. As for the first point, as we mentioned above, it is absolutely impossible for China to export. As for the second point, as a developing country that is gradually integrating into the world market, "China's armament" is a golden signboard.
Knowing that the 022 ships have little effect on the aircraft carrier battle group, and even contain many shortcomings, how can China peddle ships to bring black on its face.
On the other hand, China's arms sales also need to take into account the world situation. After all, it does not have an extremely thick skin like the United States, so China also has to consider the adverse effects of arms sales. If weapons are exported to the Middle East, it is very likely to exacerbate the chaotic situation in the Middle East, which is not in line with China's peace-loving convictions, and it is also easy for China to be blamed from the political level.
Take the current situation in the Middle East as an example, if the 022 ships are sold to Iran at the risk of offending Western countries, not to mention that Western countries will use this as an excuse to provoke disputes.
In the case of Israel, Israel and Iran are in full swing, and if China gets involved, it is very likely that it will be mired in war, and the technical exchanges between China and Israel will end there. In such a situation where the losses far outweigh the gains, perhaps it is best to remain silent and maintain a neutral attitude of peace and stability.
Through the international situation, we need to know that we cannot only consider the immediate benefits brought by the sale of ships. We need to take a long-term view and be careful to put ourselves in the downwind of international public opinion. China has made a lot of efforts to grow from poverty to prosperity and strength, and we must not afford to cause unnecessary trouble and cost because of small mistakes.
It is undeniable that the 022 missile ship has greatly enriched the mainland's maritime power and made indispensable contributions to the integrity of the mainland's territorial sea sovereignty. Today, the era of China's navy being young and yellow has passed, and the mainland's naval equipment and scientific and technological research and development are no weaker than any top naval force in the world.
It can be said that so far the historical task of the 022 missile ship has been successfully completed, and the ashore mothballing is the best result. But I also believe that the history of the 022 missile boat will not end here, and with the development of science and technology, the 022 ship is bound to regain its place in the continental naval system.
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Resources:
Chinese: The speed and fury of the Chinese Navy, do you want to experience? — China Military Network
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