-< > foreword-
One of the most common forms of construction is the "steel frame" support structure, which supports the overall structure of the building through a frame made of steel.
Steel frame support structures offer many advantages, such as high strength, corrosion resistance, light weight, easy processing, and recyclability, making them ideal for use in construction.
Today we will mainly talk about its support principle and the scope of application.
-< Principle >-
The steel frame support structure is a frame system composed of steel components to support the entire building structure, and the columns and beams are reasonably arranged and support each other, so that the external load is evenly distributed in the structure.
While bearing the load, the columns and beams are also balanced by internal forces to keep the entire frame in a stable state.
The reason why this structure is popular is that the steel frame support structure has high tensile, compressive and bending rigidity, which can effectively withstand various loads and keep the structure stable and safe.
The so-called "tensile rigidity" refers to the resistance of the material under tensile force, "compressive rigidity" refers to the resistance of the material under pressure, and "bending rigidity" refers to the resistance of the material under the action of bending torsion.
This is because steel has the characteristics of high elastic modulus, yield strength, bending rigidity, etc., and can effectively resist tensile deformation, compression deformation, bending deformation and maintain the stability of the structure under the action of tensile force, compression and bending.
In addition to the properties of the material itself, in the steel frame structure, the reasonable design and selection of appropriate cross-sectional shape and size can further give full play to the characteristics of the steel itself and ensure that the structure will not undergo large deformation and failure under flexural load.
For example, the "rigidity" of the steel frame knot, if the reasonable component design and connection mode, can effectively resist the structural deformation and damage when subjected to external loads, and ensure the overall stability of the building.
Because the columns and beams in the steel frame provide rigid support and are able to resist deformation and change by external forces.
When the external load acts on the steel frame, the load is transferred to the column through the connection points, the column bears the vertical load and transfers it along the column to the foundation or other supporting structures, and the load is also transferred to the other connection points and columns through the beams, and finally evenly distributed throughout the frame structure, providing the overall support of the building.
In this process, in order to maximize the bearing capacity of the steel structure, the load transfer path should also be reasonably arranged.
The load must be smoothly transferred from the load application point to the main stressed members of the structure, through the members to the supporting structure, and finally to the foundation. The force transmission path of the building structure should be short and straight, avoiding excessive corners or unnecessary supports, and ensuring the efficiency of load transfer.
The connection points between the column and the beam are fixed by bolts, welding, etc., forming a rigid overall structure, and this rigid support ensures the stability and safety of the frame.
Because of this, the component needs to have sufficient force cross-section when bearing the load, so as to avoid local overload or instability of the component and ensure the stability and safety of the structure. Reasonably design the cross-sectional shape and size of the component to meet the requirements of mechanical performance and economy.
In order to ensure the safety of the structure, the connector should be selected according to the material, force, use environment and other elements of the connected components.
Commonly used connectors include bolt connection, welded connection, rivet connection, etc., different connection methods have their own characteristics and scope of application, designers should fully consider the actual situation of the structure when selecting connectors, and strive to choose a suitable connection mode.
When all the above elements can be satisfied, the advantages of steel structure can be maximized, especially in some large buildings, when the span between two support points is large.
In general, structures with larger spans need to have stronger bending and tensile properties, so the steel structure has a greater place to use, because it can effectively withstand the load on the span.
Coupled with the rational arrangement of columns and beams, the steel frame can provide sufficient support and stability, so that the long-span structure has sufficient bearing capacity.
Since the steel frame support structure is so good, what scenarios can it be used in construction?
-< Applications>-
In industrial buildings, steel structures are often used in the construction of factories, warehouses, factories and other buildings. Due to the high strength and rigidity of steel, it can support long-span roof structures, so that industrial buildings have greater space utilization and freedom.
In addition, steel structures are also widely used in commercial buildings, office buildings, gymnasiums and other places, and their strength and stability can meet the needs of buildings.
In addition to stiffness strength, steel structures are also flexible, with a lighter dead weight and easier processing than traditional concrete structures, which makes construction significantly faster.
For example, steel structural components can be welded and installed on site after being prefabricated in the factory, which reduces on-site processing and construction time, improves construction efficiency, helps to shorten the construction period and save costs.
This flexibility, in addition to reducing the cycle in the time dimension, can also be manipulated into higher plasticity, providing infinite possibilities for the formal design of the building.
Because steel is easy to process and form, designers can flexibly design structural components of various shapes according to the functional needs and aesthetic requirements of the building, and realize the personalization and innovation of architectural forms.
The detachability of the steel structure allows the building to be rearranged and transformed according to needs, realizing the versatility and versatility of the building.
By skillfully using the advantages of steel structure, designers can create a unique architectural form, and through the design of steel structure frame, the architectural form of large span and large space can be realized.
For example, through the use of digital design and simulation analysis technology, the accurate calculation and optimal design of the building structure can be realized, and the structural stability and performance of the building can be improved.
The application of steel structure not only promotes the integration of architectural design and technology, but also brings new ideas and opportunities for the development of the construction industry.
In addition, steel structures have high sustainability in construction, and steel is a recyclable material that can reduce resource waste and reduce environmental pollution.
The lightweight design of the steel structure and the excellent corrosion resistance can prolong the service life of the building, reduce the maintenance and repair costs, and conform to the development trend of green environmental protection of modern buildings.
Last but not least, steel structures help to improve the seismic and wind resistance of buildings.
In areas with frequent earthquakes and changeable climates, the strength and toughness of steel structures can effectively improve the seismic and wind resistance of buildings, and ensure the safety of buildings and residents.
Through the reasonable design of the supporting form and connection mode of the structure, the ability of the components to resist lateral force is strengthened, so that the building can maintain stability and safety under extreme climatic conditions.