Bingxin, formerly known as Xie Wanying, is a famous modern Chinese female writer, poet, translator and social activist. The following are the main biographies of Bingxin:
1. **Birth & Early Years**:
- On October 5, 1900, Bingxin was born in the Xie family's mansion in Sanfang Qixiang, Fuzhou (now No. 17, Yangqiao East Road, Gulou District), and his ancestral home was Changle, Fujian.
- In May 1901, the family moved to Shanghai.
- In 1903, due to her father Xie Baozhang's work, the family moved to Yantai, where Bingxin spent her childhood.
2. **Education**:
- In 1911 (or 1912), Bingxin entered the Fuzhou Girls' Normal School and began her preparatory studies.
- In 1913, she moved to Beijing with her father and studied at Beiman Girls' High School, a Beijing mission school.
- In 1918, Bingxin enrolled in science at Concord Women's University, and later transferred to literature.
3. **Literary Creation and Activities**:
- In 1919, under the pseudonym "Bingxin", Bingxin published his first essay "Thoughts on the 21st Hearing" and his first novel "Two Families" in the "Morning Post".
- In 1921, he participated in the Literary Research Society and published a collection of novels "Superman" and a collection of poems "Stars".
- In 1923, Bingxin went to the United States to study English literature at Wellesley College in Boston.
4. **Academics & Teaching**:
- In 1926, after receiving a master's degree in literature, she returned to China and taught at Yenching University, Peking Women's College of Arts and Sciences, and the Department of Chinese Literature and Literature of Tsinghua University.
5. **Marriage & Family**:
- In 1929, he married Wu Wenzao and had a son and two daughters.
6. **Social Activities and Contributions**:
- After returning to China in 1951, Bingxin actively participated in social activities and held a number of social positions, such as a director of the Chinese Writers Association and a member of the China Federation of Literary and Art Circles.
- During the Anti-Japanese War, Bingxin taught at Kunming Chenggong Simple Normal School.
7. **Later Life and Death**:
- On February 28, 1999, Bingxin passed away in Beijing at the age of 99.
Bingxin's literary works are known for being fresh, delicate and philosophical, and her works occupy an important place in the history of modern Chinese literature. At the same time, she is also an active social activist, making significant contributions to China's literature, education, and the cause of women and children.
Bingxin's pen name is taken from the Tang Dynasty poet Wang Changling's poem "A piece of ice heart in the jade pot", this poem comes from Wang Changling's "Furong House Sends Xin Gradual", which is intended to express that although the poet himself was degraded, he still maintained a pure and flawless noble sentiment in his heart. Bingxin's choice of this pen name implies that she hopes that her literary creations can be as clear and transparent as ice, as warm and pure as jade, and always maintain a pure and flawless heart.
The themes of Bingxin's works often revolve around love, nature and life, and her words are warm and philosophical, conveying the pursuit of world peace and justice, as well as the praise of the beautiful emotions of human beings. Bingxin's literary creation and her "philosophy of love" not only occupy an important position in the history of Chinese literature, but also have a profound impact on world literature. Her creative ideas and humanitarian concepts, especially the celebration of maternal love and concern for the life and education of children, young people and women, reflect her deep understanding of the common human feelings and her concern for the proposition of the world.
Bingxin's literary achievements and contributions to society have made her an important figure in the history of modern Chinese literature, and her works and spirit have been recognized and respected around the world.
Bingxin went abroad to study in 1923, first to the United States and then to Europe. While in the United States, Bingxin attended Wellesley College, where she studied English Literature and earned a Master of Arts degree. Her study abroad experience not only enriched her intellectual background, but also broadened her horizons, which had a profound impact on her literary creation.
Bingxin's study abroad life provided her with the opportunity to learn about Western culture and the education system, and these experiences are reflected in her work. Through works such as "Sending Young Readers", she introduced the customs and cultural characteristics of foreign countries to Chinese readers, and also expressed her longing and love for the motherland.
In Japan, Bingxin was hired by the University of Tokyo as the first foreign female lecturer to teach a course on "New Chinese Literature", which is a further testament to her outstanding achievements and influence in the field of literature. In 1951, Bingxin returned to China to continue her literary creation and social activities. These experiences have made her a rare all-rounder and pioneer of cross-cultural communication in the history of modern Chinese literature.
Bingxin is a very important writer in the history of modern Chinese literature, and her representative works mainly include:
1. **"Starry Spring Water"**: This is Bingxin's famous poetry collection, the content is her usual casual notes and memories, inspired by Tagore's "Flying Birds", compiled into a collection, showing the poet's emotions and thoughts.
2. **"Sending Young Readers"**: A collection of correspondence essays published in 1923, which became the foundation work of Chinese children's literature, describing the scenery and anecdotes overseas, and also expressing the love and longing for the motherland and hometown.
3. **"Little Orange Lantern"**: A collection of Bingxin's prose and poetry, through delicate descriptions and profound thinking, conveys his deep affection for the motherland.
4. **"Superman"**: Bingxin's novel tells the story of the life transformation of a cold-hearted young man He Bin.
5. **"Return to the South"**: A collection of essays published in 1931, which recorded Bingxin's love and care for the motherland and expressed his deep affection for his hometown.
6. **"Cherry Blossom Praise"**: A collection of essays written by Bingxin in her later years, mainly to express her perception of nature and life.
7. "Once Upon a Time": A collection of novels and essays that depicts the author's memories and reflections on the past through soulful words.
8. "Two Families": Bingxin's first novel, published in 1919, shows the influence of housewife's cultural upbringing on the family atmosphere by comparing the life pictures of the two families.
9. **"Winter Girl"**: Included in "Forever Treasured" Anthology of Chinese Children's Literature Essence Famous Masters Bingxin Volume, the story is vivid, the concept is ingenious, and the language is beautiful.
10. **Selected Children's Literature from 1949 to 2009**: A selection of representative short children's literature masterpieces in the 60 years since the founding of the People's Republic of China.
Bingxin's work is known for its freshness, delicacy, and philosophical ness, and her novels and essays occupy an important place in the history of modern Chinese literature, especially her contribution to children's literature, which has influenced generations of readers.