On a sunny day in the world, the disease is on the side, and experts remind: allergies are not diseases, and prevention is the most important

The spring breeze is slow, everything is clear and clean, and the temperature has risen significantly, which is a good time for spring outing and flower appreciation. The increase in organic matter in the spring environment provides sufficient nutrients for the growth of germs, coupled with suitable temperature and humidity, bacteria and viruses enter the active period of reproduction. Relevant experts remind the public that spring is the season of high incidence of allergies, and they should do a good job of personal protection and be the first person responsible for their own health.

People with allergies should wear masks and sunglasses when they go out

It's the season of poplar and willow flying, and when these floating flyers "kiss" our noses, eyes and skin by "mistake", it will lead to symptoms such as tears, runny nose, cough and asthma. In the respiratory disease diagnosis and treatment center of the Second People's Hospital of Shandong Province, the number of patients who came to the clinic has increased compared with the past, Zhang Caiqing, director of the department, told reporters that the number of patients who have recently visited the respiratory department has increased by about three percent, and the spring season is also a period of high incidence of allergies, pollen, particles, and fly flakes in the air will produce allergic reactions to the upper respiratory tract and lower respiratory tract after inhalation, "at this time there may be allergic rhinitis, allergic laryngitis and even asthma." These symptoms caused by allergies are not diseases, the main symptoms are coughing and sneezing, which look like a cold, but are actually caused by allergies. ”

Most of the patients Zhang Caiqing has recently received are in this kind of situation, "Since it is not a disease, we generally let this part of the population take some anti-allergic medicine to strengthen prevention, and they will generally recover quickly." "People who are allergic to pollen or have a history of asthma or other allergic symptoms should pay attention to the appropriate increase or decrease of clothing, avoid catching colds, and avoid strenuous exercise. Try not to go to an environment with more plants and flowers, wear a mask when you go out, wear protective glasses if possible, wear long-sleeved clothing, and reduce exposure as much as possible. Dry clothes indoors as much as possible to prevent flying wool on clothes. People with allergic rhinitis and allergies to fly floc can wash their nasal cavity with normal saline every day. People with allergies should properly supplement vitamin C and vitamin E, and can eat some cabbage, carrots, citrus, etc. When the fly flotsam floats into the eyes, it is forbidden to rub the eyes, and smaller foreign bodies can be eliminated by reflexive lacrimation. If there are serious symptoms such as skin itching, erythema, and pimples, it is forbidden to scratch the skin vigorously, as it is easy to get infected after scratching. The correct way is to apply anti-itch medicine under the guidance of a doctor, and gently pat the itchy area, and the vertical force will not damage the skin. You can also use cold compresses to reduce the skin's "memory" of irritation, and go to a regular hospital in time.

Strengthen prevention and develop good living habits

Spring is the season of respiratory tract infections and intestinal infectious diseases, and Li Chunyan, the chief physician of the emergency office of the Jinan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, said that the public should pay attention to adding or removing clothing and health care every day, and beware of infectious diseases such as influenza, hand, foot and mouth disease, norovirus infection, scarlet fever, mumps, and chickenpox.

Li Chunyan said that when going out and being in crowded places, it is recommended to wear masks scientifically, improve awareness of prevention, do a good job of personal protection, and beware of close contact with the virus; Maintain good personal hygiene and develop good personal hygiene habits of washing hands before meals and after using the toilet; Pay attention to the safety of diet and drinking water, do not eat food that is not thoroughly cooked, and do not drink unclean raw water. When dining out, be sure to choose a hotel or restaurant with formal and good hygienic conditions; Eat more fresh fruits and vegetables, and mix them reasonably to ensure adequate nutrition. Regular work and rest, do not stay up late, strengthen outdoor physical exercise, and improve the body's ability to resist diseases. Strengthen morning and afternoon inspections in childcare institutions, schools, and other collective units, and promptly send patients to hospitals for diagnosis and treatment.

Prevention of whooping cough should be done early and fully vaccinated

Recently, whooping cough has once again attracted public attention. Wu Congcong, deputy chief physician of the Institute of Immunization and Prevention of Jinan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, reminded that timely vaccination is the most economical and effective means to prevent whooping cough, "whooping cough is mainly transmitted through the respiratory tract, but also through close contact, which is highly contagious and has a long course of disease, and can be transmitted to each other between adults, adolescents, infants and young children. The incubation period of whooping cough is generally 7-14 days, and some can reach 21 days. It is contagious from the end of the incubation period to 6 weeks after the onset of the disease, especially from the end of the incubation period to the 2-3 weeks after the onset of the disease. "Pertussis can be seen in people of all ages, with infants and young children without a history of immunization at higher risk. Typically presents with paroxysmal spasmodic cough with a chicken-like roar followed by coughing. When pertussis is infected in adults or older children, the clinical symptoms are relatively mild, and typical spasms are often absent, mainly characterized by paroxysmal cough and alternating temporary relief. However, younger children, especially infants and young children at a young age of one month, are prone to severe illness and are complicated by a variety of complications, which is more harmful.

Whether it is an adult, a child or an adolescent, if the cough persists for more than 2 weeks, especially if the cough is more prominent at night, it is necessary to seek medical attention in time, isolate and treat it as soon as possible after diagnosis. Adults infected with whooping cough can be transmitted to infants and young children, especially infants and young children without a history of vaccine immunization, the risk of infection is greater, so if there are infants and young children in the family, when adults have symptoms of respiratory tract infection such as cough, they should wear masks in time, strengthen hand hygiene, open windows for ventilation, and reduce the risk of infection in infants and young children.

Prevention of whooping cough should start from daily life, maintain good personal hygiene habits, participate in appropriate physical exercise, and enhance one's own resistance. School-age children should be vaccinated with pertussis-containing vaccines in a timely and full manner, and those who are not fully vaccinated should be vaccinated in time. At present, the immunization program vaccine used in our city is the adsorbed acellular diphtheria-pertussis combined vaccine, with one dose each at the age of 3, 4, 5 and 18 months, in addition to acellular diphtheria-pertussis influenzae type b vaccine (quadruple vaccine), adsorbed acellular diphtheria-pertussis inactivated polio and Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine (quintuple vaccine) and other non-immunization program vaccines. If you have been vaccinated according to the vaccine instructions, it can effectively prevent a variety of infectious diseases, including whooping cough.

Outdoor outings Beware of tick bites

At present, it is the season of spring and all things sprouting, and it has become a way of life for citizens to enjoy and appreciate the spring scene in nature. However, the public should be wary of ticks, a potential hazard in the grassland. Zhang Xiao, deputy director of the Institute of Vector Biological Control and Control of the Jinan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, said that spring and autumn are the active seasons for ticks, so how to prevent tick bites? Many mosquitoes prefer places with dense vegetation. In order to avoid mosquito bites, try not to go to small woods, grassy areas, and do not sit and lie down for a long time, and choose other safe places to play.

●Do a good job of personal protection. If you enter the grass or woods, you should cover your head and face, wear light-colored, smooth long clothes and trousers, and tie the neckline, cuffs, and trouser legs tightly. Light-colored clothing makes it easy to find out if there are ticks attached; The surface of knitted clothing should be as smooth as possible so that ticks are not easily adhered to; Don't wear sandals.

●Apply repellents. To avoid tick bites, apply a DEET containing 20%-30% to bare skin before going out. If you're camping outside, spray your clothes, tents, backpacks, and other items as well.

●When you return from going out, change your clothes in time. Carefully inspect your clothes for foreign objects; If there are strange scars or black spots on various parts of the body, seek medical attention in time if you find any abnormalities. If you take your pet out, try to prevent your pet from scurrying around in the grass and check it carefully when you get home to avoid bringing bugs home.

●Clean up the environment regularly. Remove weeds, remove garbage, and clean livestock pens to avoid tick breeding. If you find that pets and livestock are infested with ticks, you can use tickicides for medicated bathing, and be careful not to catch ticks or other parasites on pets with bare hands and squeeze them.

Do not panic after being bitten by a tick, do not remove the tick directly with your hands or crush the tick with your fingers. If you are not bitten by a tick, you will definitely get sick, which is related to whether the tick carries the virus and the physical fitness of the individual. Once there are suspected symptoms or signs, it is important to seek medical attention as soon as possible, and inform the doctor of the relevant exposure history, so as to achieve early detection and treatment of the disease and regular treatment.