<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > introduction</h1>
Since entering China, newspapers have become an important position for intellectuals to disseminate ideas. Intellectuals with advanced ideas who are trying to change China's destiny with words have picked up the pen in their hands one after another and passed on what they have seen, heard, known, and thought to the broad masses of the people through newspapers.
In modern China, where the situation is turbulent, there are a group of professional newspapermen who use the favorable platform of newspapers to serve the public sphere. Relying on their political sensitivity, they expose the darkness of society to the public and inform the world of the fly camp dogs within the warlord rule. They held the lofty ideal and sentiment of "saving the country with news", and were called patriotic newspaper people by posterity.
Among the many patriotic newspaper people, Shao Piaoping and Lin Baishui are well-deserved representative figures, whether from the professionalism of the news or the sense of social responsibility. The term "Pingshui Meets" was once synonymous with the highest level of newspapers.
<h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" > truth-seeking and pragmatic, both died</h1>
April 26, 1926, a day that every journalist should remember, was the day when Shao Piaoping, a pioneer of Chinese newspapers, was killed at the Tianqiao East Execution Ground in Beijing. Shao Piaoping's death is a great loss to the press, and it can be said that his death is the common sorrow of all journalists with conscience.
And just 103 days later, on August 6, 1926, another newspaper pioneer Lin Baishui was also killed, and a gunshot rang out on the flyover, and this journalistic predecessor who took the truth-seeking and pragmatic as his mission also left this world.
In more than 100 days, the two journalists shed the last drop of blood for the development of China's newspaper industry and for their own truth-seeking and pragmatic concepts. This is the sadness of the press, the sorrow of the country, and even more the true portrayal of the darkness, decay and cruelty of the reactionary warlords. The death of the two pioneers once again tells the world that the warlords must be overthrown and that China cannot rely on them to save them.
Shao Piaoping's death, the dashing death, the soundness of death
Whoever mentions Shao Piaoping's death will give her a thumbs up. "Handsome" is a true portrayal of Shao Piaoping's life. The article is handsome, the life is handsome, the long handsome, even the death is so handsome.
Before Shao Piaoping, Tan Sitong, when he died, once shouted "I smile from the horizontal knife to the sky, to leave the liver and gallbladder two Kunlun", this is the most cheerful laughter in the Chinese political arena, there is no one, if you use a word to describe Tan Sitong, it is "arrogant", even death is so arrogant.
"It doesn't matter if you behead, as long as the doctrine is true." Kill Xia Minghan, there are descendants", this poem many people know, only 28 years old Xia Minghan, obviously has a life of gold and jade food, born in a squire and a tycoon could have lived a life of flying eagles and horses, but he resolutely embarked on the road of revolution for the sake of China's future and destiny. After his arrest, the family tried to rescue him, as long as he was willing to abandon the revolution, he could survive, and Xia Minghan refused. He chose to use blood to prove his ideals. A simple and resolute poem written in "Just Righteousness", Xia Minghan used his 28-year-old life to tell people what is called an ideal.
On June 18, 1935, Qu Qiubai, the pioneer of the Chinese revolution, sat down indifferently in the face of the enemy's guns, and only softly said "This place is very good", and then was killed. Qu Qiubai's indifference and freedom in the face of death even the enemy could not help but be frightened. What a boldness and open-mindedness, courage and courage, to be able to say, "This place is very good" in the face of death.
Shao Piaoping's death, although not tragic, not as arrogant as Tan Sitong, but he will sigh even if he mentions it today in the face of death, Shao Piaoping is a real boy. Before Shao Piaoping was about to be executed, when facing the executioner, he only said four words: "You are exempt from sending." Then look up to the sky and smile, heroic and righteous.
On the road of seeking truth and pragmatism, it is destined to be lonely and unaccompanied, which requires courage and wisdom. He went into exile in Japan several times in his lifetime, was imprisoned four times, and the number of newspaper offices was sealed. Shao Piaoping knew that firm truth-seeking and pragmatism were bound to bring danger to herself, but he was never afraid of danger. The four words of "you are exempt from sending" are the true portrayal of his firm and fearless life.
Not forgetting the original intention, seeking truth and pragmatism, Lin Baishui was killed by the warlord
Lin Baishui's real name is Lin Badger, and the word Shaoquan. I don't know if you know anything about this animal. This is a legendary animal, in ancient times, people could not rely on their own wisdom to search for evidence of crimes and try crimes. They wanted to solve this problem with the most primitive totemic beliefs. The badger is the totem belief that the ancients used to judge cases and collect evidence.
Therefore, the badger itself has the spiritual connotation of distinguishing between right and wrong. Lin Baishui is indeed worthy of the name, in his journalism career, there will always be a distinction between right and wrong, good and evil, and always have the idea of seeking truth and being pragmatic.
"Whitewater" is his self-designation after middle age. The original meaning of white water is very simple, plain and real, the most simple, the most simple, the most transparent is white water. This is Lin Baishui's concept of running a newspaper, which has never changed since the beginning of his newspaper.
In addition to this layer of meaning, white water is also a division of the word "spring" in "Shaoquan". Lin Baishui took this as a trumpet, which meant that in order to run a newspaper industry, in order to seek truth and pragmatism, he did not hesitate to be martyred. Unexpectedly, in a word, Lin Baishui was really killed because of his newspaper.
In April 1926, the Zhifeng warlords entered the city of Beijing. This thousand-year-old capital fell into a white terror, and in order to block the mouths of the yoyo people, Zhang Zuolin brutally killed Shao Piaoping. In such an environmental background, Lin Baishui's newspaper colleagues have advised him to temporarily avoid the limelight. Tell him not to talk about politics.
After all, Lin Baishui is Lin Baishui, and the journalistic ideology he pursues is that "journalists should speak human words, not ghost words; they should say this, not tell lies!" "If Lin Baishui is silenced, it is absolutely impossible, even if there is an abyss ahead."
Adhering to the principle of seeking truth and pragmatism, in order to let the people know the truth, Lin Baishui denounced the warlord as a "flood beast" in his commentary. On August 5, Lin Baishui published an opinion in the Social Daily, in which the wind attached himself to the warlord Zhang Zongchang's Pan Fu, exposing Zhang Zongchang and Pan Fu's two people's fly camp dogs.
Zhang Zongchang, after seeing the comments, was furious and immediately ordered the arrest of Lin Baishui. The next morning, on August 6, before the news of Lin Baishui's arrest was known to the world, Zhang Zongchang issued a secret order to execute Lin Baishui. This journalistic prodigy in pursuit of the truth, for his ideals, shed the last drop of blood.
Lin Baishui
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > attaches importance to education and the cultivation of talents</h1>
In old China, people's education was generally not high. If you want to spread new ideas, you must let people receive enough education, which is necessary for both the communicator and the disseminated.
How could Shao Piaoping and Lin Baishui, as cultural pioneers and newspaper legends, not understand this? So both of them are very concerned about education.
Attaching importance to the cultivation of journalists, Shao Piaoping aims to cultivate a group of professional communicators
It can be said that Shao Piaoping is one of the pioneers of Chinese journalism. In Shao Piaoping's thinking, he believes that the state should cultivate a large number of professional news talents, and a group of news talents with professional qualities are indispensable whether they are in the exploration of news or the reporting of news.
Therefore, he advocated that journalism should be dedicated to higher education institutions, and that journalism should be developed into a universal discipline that everyone can understand and master. With his unremitting efforts, Peking University established the Journalism Research Association and began to gradually set up a curriculum in the school. As the promoter of this action, Shao Piaoping is undoubtedly also actively involved in the teaching.
Shao Piaoping is not only a good journalist, he is also an excellent journalism educator. As the top interviewer in the press at that time, the course taught by Shao Piaoping was also journalism.
News interviews were not easy at the time, and Shao Piaoping's experience made him deeply feel the difficulty of the interview. Therefore, he has proposed more than once that interviews should combine theory with practice.
In the classroom, Shao Piaoping made every effort to teach students journalism knowledge, let them understand the news organizations of various countries and their respective news deployments, and taught students a lot of basic news knowledge and interview skills.
Shao Piaoping under the classroom personally led the students to carry out social practice, taking them into the society and getting closer to life. Lead students to experience the practical application of news and interviews, so that they take the first step in journalism.
In terms of theoretical knowledge, Shao Piaoping laid a solid foundation for journalism. The two books "Practical Applied Journalism" and "General Theory of Journalism" are two journalism theory textbooks summarized by Shao Piaoping based on her own interview experience and teaching experience. These two books were compulsory for the teaching of journalism for a long time to come.
Promoting civilian education, Lin Baishui's eyes looked at the spreaders
Unlike Shao Piaoping, Lin Baishui's gaze was fixed on the person being spread. As one of the leading figures in the press at that time, Lin Baishui did not enter the university to teach, which inevitably made people feel strange. But this does not mean that Lin Baishui does not pay attention to education.
Lin Baishui has his own set of theories, and he believes that the role of newspapers should not be limited to people with corresponding cultural knowledge. Newspapers as a communication medium should also stand at the grassroots level.
Because in Lin Baishui's thought, relying solely on intellectuals cannot change the status quo of society. If you want to truly change the status quo of society, you must be rooted in the people. Only by raising the minds of the people in society and giving them knowledge will the whole society be renewed.
Therefore, Lin Baishui set his sights on education among people who had no knowledge. He attached great importance to the democratization of newspaper content, and contained a large amount of content that civilians needed in his newspaper.
The so-called civilians also refer to "farmers", "craftsmen", "soldiers", "brothers", "women" and other people. And these people have no level of education, and they have to face the pressure of life in order to live.
Based on this, Lin Baishui vigorously advocated that newspapers should write articles in the vernacular, the purpose of which is to make these able to read and understand. Not only that, Lin Baishui's newspaper also contains a lot of basic knowledge needed by low-level workers such as agriculture and industry.
It is also worth mentioning that Lin Baishui pays special attention to women's education. He once expressed this in the "Hangzhou Vernacular Newspaper", he believes that women's education is very important, if a country wants to fundamentally change, it must not ignore the education of women. Not only advocated in newspapers, Lin Baishui also actively promoted the development of women's studies in society. It can be said that Lin Baishui was one of the early female promoters of Chinese studies.
<h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" > the strengths of each exhibition, the news characteristics of Lin Bai and the two</h1>
Everyone has their own personality traits, and of course they have their own strengths. It is also reflected in their careers that naturally have different performances. Although Shao Piaoping and Lin Baishui are both newspaper reporters, there are still differences in many places.
The unique Shao Piaoping
Shao Piaoping's sensitivity to news was unparalleled at the time. Once there is a major event in society, the first person who can perceive it is definitely Shao Piaoping, and Zhang Jiluan of the "Ta Kung Pao" once had such an evaluation: "Whenever Piaoping encounters major events in domestic and foreign affairs, she feels the earliest, and the interview must be worked."
In fact, it is also true that Shao Piaoping's news perception is indeed different from ordinary people, that is a kind of talent, others can not learn. Before the news of the Sino-German severance of diplomatic relations was announced, Shao Piaoping could perceive that Sino-German relations might change from an occasional telephone conversation. He also interviewed Duan Qirui, the prime minister of the Beiyang government at that time, and learned first-hand information.
For the interview, Shao Piaoping has her own experience. Whenever something important happens, Shao Piaoping will arrange for her reporters to arrive in advance, or visit the scene, or listen from the sidelines, in short, in order to get current political news, Shao Piaoping is painstaking.
Unlike other newspaper reporters, Shao Piaoping's emphasis on news is more important than the current commentary. In the content of the newspaper industry at that time, there was no clear division between news and commentary, and the emergence of Shao Piaoping made the boundary between news and commentary begin to appear.
In the news report, Shao Piaoping can also be creative and use serial methods to report. In 1928, the "February Seventh Strike" broke out, and Shao Piaoping used three articles in a row, "Outstanding Elements of the Two Courts Rose up to rescue the workers", "The Jinpu Railway Strike Was Very Fierce", "Yesterday's Changxindian Shooting Of Workers Massacre", which recorded the incident in truth and detail, the time and number of people were precise and specific, so that the people of the world had a detailed understanding of the causes and consequences of this matter.
In Shao Piaoping's newspaper-running ideology and news concept, current political news is the first to bear the brunt. In order to let the world clearly understand the political dynamics, he repeatedly exposed the dark scenes of the reactionary warlords at that time, even in the face of death Shao Piaoping had no fear. He hung "iron shoulders moral righteousness and hot hands to write articles" on the wall of the "Beijing Daily" newspaper, always reminding himself and his subordinate newspapermen that they must have the conviction of not being afraid of life and death, seeking truth and being pragmatic, and have the preparation to appear for the truth.
Although Shao Piaoping aims to expose the darkness of the Beiyang government, Shao Piaoping and her people have a journalistic principle. This is a principle that all journalists should learn. Shao Piaoping never involved anyone's privacy. His news and commentaries are only about facts, and since they are politics, they are politics itself. As for the private lives of the people behind politics, they do not exist in Shao Piaoping's news reports. Such a high level of virtue is a model for journalists at all times.
The mixed reputation of Lin Baishui
Lin Baishui is a very complex person, but also very real. He has the professional qualities that newspaper people should have, but sometimes Lin Baishui also has some places that are criticized.
As a newspaperman, Lin Baishui attaches great importance to the independence of newspaper people. When he founded the "New Society Daily" with Hu Zhengzhi, he once said: "Build the wind of reforming the newspaper industry, and be the horse before reforming the society." Lin Baishui's news reports exposed the darkness of the warlord more than once, because the newspaper exposing the corruption case of the warlord Wu Peifu was ordered to stop publishing. In Lin Baishui's life, suspension of publication and imprisonment have occurred from time to time, and he is a newspaperman who will not compromise with the darkness, even if he faces the muzzle of the black hole hole.
Unlike Shao Piaoping,who attaches great importance to current political news, Lin Baishui, in addition to attaching importance to current political news, he also rooted the content of newspapers in civilianization. Lin Baishui can be said to be a person who has a wide range of knowledge, and has mentioned industry many times in his newspaper to save the country. Even the methods of industrial salvation have been written out. Take the silkworm industry, which he has always attached importance to, Lin Baishui set up a column in the newspaper to explain the cultivation method of mulberry silkworms.
Lin Baishui also pays attention to the inner liberation of the people. As the first person in China to study journalism abroad, he deeply realized the importance of emancipating the mind. Therefore, he used the pen in his hand to attack the bad habits of feudal society, and in the article "The Spell of the Qi Family", Lin Baishui proposed that if China wanted to develop, it must change some of the ills in the body. In this article, he fiercely criticized eight feudal drawbacks, such as foot binding, burning incense, praying for signs, vegetarianism, good litigation, eating opium, believing feng shui, and gambling.
Vernacular writing can be said to be one of Lin Baishui's outstanding contributions. Although there is no distinction between ancient and vernacular, vernacular is undoubtedly more advantageous when it comes to spreading ideas to the people at the bottom.
Compared with the profound and difficult to understand of ancient Chinese, vernacular chinese is much easier to read. Many of Lin Baishui's articles are written for people with a low cultural level, and if these articles are still written in ancient Chinese, it will have no effect on these people. Therefore, Lin Baishui attaches great importance to the use and writing of vernacular language. This had a profound impact on the later dissemination of news and the vernacular press.
But what we can't deny is that Lin Baishui's era was bound to make him have some ideological limitations. His essays are sometimes not objective, he has a deep ethnographic conception, and more than once in the article he shows his radical racial conception. Moreover, he advocated the use of violence and assassination to carry out the revolution, and even preached that the revolution should start with assassination. There is no doubt that as a well-known newspaperman, his overly radical thinking is unfair.
"Iron shoulders bear morality, hot hands to write articles" This is Shao Piaoping's life portrayal, but it can also be used to describe Lin Baishui. Never succumbing to the rule of corrupt warlords, and the absolute truth-seeking and pragmatic journalistic concept, these two people have become people who must be remembered in the history of Chinese journalism. The two of them' dedication to journalism and their pursuit of truth are the role models of every journalist. In the weak and backward modern China, Shao Piaoping and Lin Baishui, with their firm belief in saving the country with news, tried to change China's destiny with words. No matter how unrealistic this is, our descendants should remember the lives they gave to make China progress.