The whole winter is an important period for citrus trees to recover and accumulate nutrients, and it is also a key node for pest and disease control, and good winter management can lay the foundation for a good yield and high-quality fruit in the coming year. Next, let's talk about December citrus management tips.
Pre- and post-harvest management
In December, the citrus trees enter the period of overwintering. Before picking fruits, winter shoots should be controlled. In addition to the fertile citrus winter shoots in Nanning and other places, the late autumn shoots and winter shoots of citrus in other areas that are not old should be wiped out in time to avoid consuming nutrients.
Before fruit picking, if there are red spiders, you should use safe ingredients, Aotian + Gaojin for control, and try to avoid using mineral oil, so as not to affect the coloring or cause flower peel fruit.
At the same time, attention should be paid to water management, moderate irrigation, to avoid excessive drought caused by the yellowing of old leaves, fruit drop, but also to avoid excessive irrigation. The application of nitrogen fertilizer should be controlled 30~45 days before harvest to prevent too much nitrogen fertilizer, so as not to draw winter shoots and reduce the sugar content and flavor of the fruit. Generally, irrigation should be stopped 7~10 days before harvest to ensure the flavor and storability of the fruit at harvest.
In addition, the most convenient time to determine huanglongbing is before fruit picking, and the accuracy of whether it is a huanglongbing infection can be greatly improved by examining the red nose fruit. If it is suspected that it is huanglongbing, if a red-nosed fruit is found, it should be marked and treated in time or disposed of in time after picking the fruit to ensure a low incidence rate in the entire orchard.
After picking the fruit, seize the time to prune, mainly using the method of "cutting skirt branches and opening the skylight" for pruning. Through pruning, the "skylight" is realized, and the light-receiving surface of the canopy is improved to achieve light transmission. In turn, it will improve productivity and facilitate the management of agricultural operations in the coming year. At the same time, it can also improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions of the orchard and reduce the occurrence of diseases.
After picking fruits, the tree is basically restored, and it is necessary to spray pesticides in time to prevent and control winter pests and diseases, and when spraying, attention should be paid to spraying the whole tree evenly, comprehensively and thoroughly; inside and outside the canopy, the main trunk, the main branches, the backbone branches, and the branches at all levels should be sprayed in place, only in this way can the adults, larvae and eggs that overwinter inhabit be eliminated.
Young tree management
1. Autumn and winter pruning technical points
Some fruit trees are not in good shape and need to be pruned. For example, erect, very long riding branches, it is difficult to become a fruiting mother branch. A branch like this, we need to prune it. Prune into a relatively good, concave and convex tree shape, and become a branch that can differentiate flower buds and become a mother branch with hanging fruit.
2. Citrus winter fertilizer management
The core of citrus seedling management is to create the best growth environment for the tree, so that the canopy can expand rapidly, form a good tree shape, and lay a good foundation for high and stable yields. If you want a good citrus tree potential, you must supplement citrus with sufficient nutrients, which is conducive to the expansion of the citrus crown and the enhancement of the tree potential.
3. Winter anti-freezing measures
For some places with high cold, high altitude and low temperature, appropriate anti-freezing measures should be taken for citrus trees, and frost can be used for anti-freezing + Nian Nianle. In the event of frost, you can also cover some orchards with film to keep them warm, so as to avoid the fruit trees being damaged by frost and necrosis.
4. Key points of pest control
Winter is the dormant period of most pests, most of them hide in the soil, weeds, or diseased branches and leaves and other disease residues for overwintering, so after the completion of the pruning of the citrus orchard, the fallen leaves, weeds, diseased and insect fruits and cut branches should be removed, and timely spraying pesticides to clear the garden, kill the source of overwintering pests and diseases in the orchard, and reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases in the coming year.