【Kingdom of Judea】The ancient state of southern Palestine. In the mid-2000s BC, the nomadic Hebrew tribe entered Palestine and struggled for a long time with the Canaanites, the local population. The Hebrews had two tribes in southern Judea (ten tribes in northern Israel). Between the 11th and 10th centuries BC, Saul, king of Israel, and David, king of Judea, led tribes against the Philis. David and Solomon founded and ruled the unified Judeo-Israeli kingdom of North and South, with Jerusalem at its capital. Around 935 BC, the kingdom was divided, with the kingdom of Israel in the north and Jeroboam as king; To the south was the Kingdom of Judea, and Rehoboam succeeded as King of Judea, still with Jerusalem at its capital. In 722 BC, the Assyrian Empire destroyed the Kingdom of Israel, and the Kingdom of Judea paid a large ransom to survive. In 586 BC, Nebuchadnezzar II, king of Neo-Babylon, captured Jerusalem, destroyed the Jewish kingdom, and moved a large number of Jewish subjects to Babylon, known as the "Babylonian captive". In 538 BC, Cyrus of Persia occupied Babylon and released Jewish "prisoners" to return to Palestine (under Persian rule). After the 4th century BC, it fell under the rule of the Macedonian, Ptolemy, and Seleucid kingdoms. In 63 BC, it was incorporated into Rome. In 66-70 and 131-135, the Jewish people repeatedly staged great uprisings against Rome, all of which were brutally suppressed, after which they were forced to migrate to foreign lands, and the Jewish kingdom did not live up to its existence.
