" If the heavens have love, the sky is also old - Li He's "Golden Bronze Immortals Ci Han Song" "
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The stars of the Tang Dynasty poetry circle are shining, including "Shi Xian" Li Bai, "Shi Sheng" Du Fu, "Shi Buddha" Wang Wei, "Shi Devil" Bai Juyi, "Shi Crazy" He Zhizhang, "Shi Hao" Liu Yuxi, "Shi Nu" Jia Dao, "Poetry Prisoner" Meng Jiao, "Shi Bone" Chen Ziang, and "Shi Jie" Wang Bo.
The Southern Song Dynasty poet Yan Yu only compared one person to Li Bai: "Taibai Xiancai, Changji Ghost Cai". Changji is the word of "poetry ghost" Li He, Li Bai writes about the extravagance and romance of the world, and Li He uses a heroic tone to construct a strange and strange non-human world, and his "Changji body" is known as "the word of ghosts and immortals". Du Mu once praised: "... The coffin of the tile coffin is not enough for its ancient also; the beauty of the flowers is not enough for its color; the barren country hall, the stalk is mangy, not enough for its resentment and sorrow; the whale throwing, the cow ghost and the snake god, is not enough for its absurd fantasy also. ”
The reason why Li He is called a "poetry ghost" is also related to Li Shangyin. The latter once wrote a short biography for Li He, which described the appearance as follows: "Changji is thin and thin, with eyebrows and long fingers and claws." ”
Thin body, eyebrows straight to a line, long nails, this is not the zombie in Lin Zhengying's movie...
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In 790, Li He was born in Changgu, He, and was originally a relative of Li Tang (a descendant of Gaozu Li Yuan's uncle Li Liang). After Wu Zetian ascended to the throne, he wantonly killed Li Tang's descendants, and by the time of Li He's father, Li Yaosu, he had already fallen into the middle of the family, and Li Yansu had only served as a subordinate of the governor of the prefecture.
Li He lived in poverty when he was young, and he often did not wear clothes, but he always encouraged himself to study hard with Li Tangzong. When traveling, he often took a small book boy, rode a weak donkey, carried a broken bag, and occasionally got something, and wrote it down into the bag. When I came home at night, my bag was always full, and looking at the poems that Li He had painstakingly chanted, my mother Zheng Shi said bitterly: "My son, do you want to vomit out your heart before you stop?" (Be it time to vomit out the heart of Nayal.) ）
In the third year of Tang Yuanhe, the 18-year-old Li He went to Luoyang to visit The Then Emperor Wenzong Han Yu and wrote the famous "Yanmen Taishou Xing":
The black cloud crushed the city and wanted to destroy it, and the armor light opened up to the golden scales of the sun.
The horns are full of autumn colors, stuffed with swallow fat and night purple.
Half a roll of red flag pro easy water, frost heavy drum cold sound can not stand.
Repay the king's golden stage and bring the jade dragon to die for the king.
Li He, who was recognized by Han Yu, wanted to go to Beijing to take the exam, and did not want his father Li Yansu to die at this time, so he returned home and mourned for 3 years.
In the sixth year of Yuan He, 21-year-old Li He participated in the Henan Provincial Examination and went to high school with the "Henan Provincial Examination December Musical Lyrics and Leap Month". At the end of the year, Li He went to Kyoto to take the entrance examination, and rumors suddenly spread among the people and the court, saying that Li He's father, Li Yaosu's "瑨", and jinshi's "jin" were homophonous, and that Li He was involved in "suspected names" and should avoid taking the temple examination. Under the gushing of public opinion, Li He had to withdraw from the test hospital and return to his hometown to wait.
Han Yue was indignant and wrote the "Debate" to question the imperial court: "If the father's name is Yan Su, the son cannot participate in the entrance examination; if the father calls people, then the son does not have to be a man?" ”
Although there were famous scholars such as Han Yu and Huang Fuxiang who spoke up for Li He, they could not change the cold system, and Li He eventually failed to participate in the jinshi scientific expedition, and he wrote "To the Wine Line" to express the unfairness in his heart:
Zero perched late a cup of wine, the host to serve the guest longevity.
The main father's journey to the west was sleepy, and the family broke the willow in front of the door.
Ma Zhou used to be a new Fengke, and the heavens and the wasteland were old and unknown.
The empty general wrote two lines on the note, directly offending Long Yan please grace.
I have ecstasy can't summon, the rooster is white.
The teenager's heart should take the cloud, who read the cold sitting uh-huh.
The poem reads: Tang Ren Ma Zhou wrote more than twenty strategies for Chang He Dai, and was appreciated by Tang Taizong and promoted to inspector of imperial history. But Ma Zhou was also Huai Cai for many years, until he caught the knife and copied the sonata, and was able to show his ambition. What am I going to do? My soul is lost, and the summoning is not coming back. Young people should set great ambitions, who will pity those who are trapped and alone, sighing and sighing!
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In May of the following year, under the patronage of Han Yu, Li He was awarded the title of Fenglilang from Jiupin. However, after only three years in Feng Litai's permanent term, due to the illness of his wife, Li He resigned from the government and returned to his hometown.
On the way, he wrote the "Golden bronze immortals ci Han Song", in which the good sentence "If the sky has love, the sky is also old", has been quoted by ancient and modern literati and scholars: Shi Manqing of the Song Dynasty "If the sky is love and the sky is old, the moon is like no hatred And the moon is long", the Yuan Dynasty Yuan asked "If the sky is old, the world is only merciless and good", Chairman Mao's "If the sky is old if there is love, the right way in the world is vicissitudes".
After that, Li He served as an aide to Zhang Che in Luzhou for 3 years, and in the twelfth year of Yuan He (817), Zhang Che was summoned back to Chang'an, and Li He returned to his hometown due to illness.
In Changgu, Li He lived a life of pure hardship, and the conflict between romantic ideals and difficult reality and sinister world conditions made him full of melancholy, and his sick body added to his irritability and pain, he wrote in "Song of Sorrow": "I am unhappy when I am twenty, and I am as sad as Kulan." In the "Gift of Chen Shang", it is written: "There are boys in Chang'an, and twenty hearts have decayed." He wanted to use wine to relieve his worries, but he also had to pay credit for drinking: "Qiting get off the horse to untie autumn clothes, please give Yiyang a pot of wine." ”
Bored, depressed and painful, Li He, who was deeply influenced by Taoism, wrote many poems that expressed emotions through ghosts and immortals, and those illusory and absurd, eerie and fantastic imagery became his marks.
"A hundred-year-old owl becomes a wooden charm, and laughter rises in the nest of blue fire." --"Divine String Song"
"The neptune mountain ghost came to the seat, and the paper money was roaring in the wind." --"Divine Strings"
"Stone veins and water flow springs dripping sand, ghost lamps like lacquered pine flowers." --"Namsan TanakaYuki"
Li He used words such as "bitterness, coldness, coldness, soul, ghost, blood, cold, crying, fishy, dead, blood" and other words to create an atmosphere of "ghosts and ghosts", as if the joy and warmth of the human world and the bright scenery of mountains and rivers were thousands of miles away from him, in his eyes, everything was ghostly sensen, which was the refraction light of his painful spirit.
Li He's ghost is not only making words and sentences, but also his disobedience to fate, and his poems are full of the word "disobedience".
Huai Cai did not meet, others were "poor night half empty front seat, do not ask cang sheng to ask the ghost god"; "Zhi Shi Yu Ren Mo complained: ancient materials are difficult to use"; "nostalgia is unbearable and sad orange grapefruit, who is willing to pay attention to Wang Sun"; Li He wrote "See buy Ruoye Creek water sword, the Ming Dynasty returned to the matter ape gong", wait for me to practice swordplay with the white ape gong, and be an assassin to slaughter you.
When hearing good music, others were "the east ship and the west ship were silent, only to see the autumn moon white of the heart of the river"; "the floating clouds and willows have no roots, and the heavens and the earth are far away from the sky"; Li He is "Kunshan jade broken phoenix, furong weeping dew pandan laughter", the phoenix is originally a graceful and magnificent divine beast, but it was given a state of screaming, hibiscus pandan, are all flowers and grass gentlemen, but there are crying and laughing, and it is strange and miserable.
Lamenting that life is short, others are "Gao Tang Mingjing sad white hair, towards the green silk twilight into snow"; "flowers can be folded straight and folded, do not wait for no flowers to fold branches"; "life is geometric, in the world is like sending"; but Li He wants to swallow the sky: ... Only to see the cold and warm of the moon, to fry life... There is wakagi in the east of the sky, and the candle dragon is placed underneath. I will cut off the dragon's feet and chew the flesh of the dragon, so that it will not return to it, and it will not lie down at night. Naturally the old do not die, the young do not cry...
If the father of the Quaker is day by day, Li He will cut off the dragon's feet, chew the dragon's flesh, and control time.
Even when writing about the deceased, Li He also wrote earth-shatteringly: "The ghosts of the Autumn Tomb sing Bao family poems and hate the blood in the soil for a thousand years."
Behind Lee Hesensen's ghostly poems, it is full of pity and grievance.
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"The old rabbit cold toad wept in the sky, and the cloud building was half open and the wall was slanted.
The jade wheel rolled dew wet blob light, and Luan Pei met Gui XiangMo.
Yellow dust and clear water under the three mountains, more transformed into a thousand years like a horse.
Looking at Qizhou's nine o'clock smoke, a flood of seawater cup diarrhea. ”
This romantic and sad "Dream Heaven" completely established Li He's position in the poetry circle of the Tang Dynasty. Although the fireworks in the world are beautiful, they cannot tolerate him who is difficult to reach, so Li He looks up at the sky and the moon and roams the heavens. In the fairy-filled place, the path full of cinnamon, he met the fairy wearing the luan phoenix jade pendant; he overlooked the human world in the Heavenly Palace, and thousands of years of history "passed rapidly like a horse", everything rushed away, the vicissitudes of the sea, the ups and downs of life, but only for a moment.
In the twelfth year of Tang Yuanhe, Li He died of illness at the age of 27.
Li Shangyin's "Small Biography of Li He" also records the strange events before Li He's death.
On the day of his death, Li He saw a man dressed in red riding a red dragon, holding a wat board with a high ancient script written on it, and said that he would take him away. Li He got out of bed and knelt down to thank him and said, "My mother is old and sick, and I don't want to go." The man in red laughed: "The Heavenly Emperor has just built the White Jade Building, and he has summoned you to write a note for the building." Life in heaven is very happy, and it is not as bitter as on earth!" The relatives and friends next to him watched Li He cry for a while, and then they were out of breath. In the house where he lived, smoke came out of the window, and there was a faint sound of cars and music.
Li Shangyin was born in the eighth year of Yuan He, when Li He died, he was four years old, about Li He's vision before his death, he listened to a clan sister who married into the Wang family, in Li Shangyin's impression, she is not the kind of person who can make up stories, Wang said that what she saw was indeed so.
Dying in this way may be more in line with Li He's name of "poetry ghost".
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