<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="2" > preface</h1>
In the fourth year of Tianyou (907), Zhu Quanzhong usurped the throne as Liang Dynasty Tang. The following year, the Tang Emperor Li Yu was killed. When the news reached Wang Guangu in Yu Township (present-day Yongji, Yuncheng, Shanxi), a reclusive old man burst into tears and died of hunger strike shortly after.
This old man was the author of the "Twenty-Four Poems", the poet Sikong Tu of the late Tang Dynasty.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="68" ></h1>
Sikong Tu (837 ~ 908) is a sage, calling himself Zhifeizi and also known as an insulting layman. In the tenth year (869) of Emperor Yizong of Tang's Xiantong Dynasty, he took the exam and was promoted to the rank of Jinshi, at the age of 33.
According to the New Book of Tang, Sikong Tu first met two nobles, one was Wang Ning, a rebbe attendant, and in 877, Sikong Tu followed Wang Ning, who was appointed as xuanshe's observation envoy, and served in his shogunate. After Wang Ning's death, Sikong Tu moved to the main book of Guanglu Temple, and was divided into Si Dongdu.
In the eastern capital of Luoyang, he met another nobleman: Lu Yi, who had been the prime minister. Lu Yi greatly appreciated Sikong Tu, and once composed a poem "Title Sikong Tubi" Yun:
The surname Sikong Gui, the official class YuShibei. If the old man is here, don't sigh.
The gist is that Sikong Tu is of a very noble origin, but the official position he holds is very humble. If the old man and I are still here, you don't have to sigh that the career is not going well.
Sure enough, the following year, Lu Yi paid homage to him again, and Sikong Tu was summoned by him to pay homage to Wai Lang, a member of the worship department, and to find Lang Zhong.
In the first year of Emperor Guangming of Tang (880), the Huangchao rebel army invaded Chang'an.
Sikong Tu's younger brother had a slave named Duan Zhang, who participated in the Huangchao Rebellion, and Duan Zhang enthusiastically advised him to meet the rebel army, but he refused and fled back to his hometown. At that time, there was also a poet Pi Rixiu, who was captured by the Huang Chao army and served as a Hanlin scholar, and after the defeat of the Huang Chao army, Pi Rixiu did not know the end.
Sikong Tu returned to his hometown of Hezhong, and he heard that Emperor Xianzong was in Fengxiang, so he went to Fengxiang and was given the title of Zhizhi Zhen (知制诰) and Zhongshu Sheren (中書舍人). This story is a bit like Du Fu of the Anshi Rebellion, but it is a pity that the poets who followed Tang Suzong did not get such an important official position.
Emperor Tang was taken hostage and went to Baoji, Shaanxi, and Sikong Tu returned to his hometown, determined to pursue a career and began a reclusive life in Wang Guangu for more than twenty years. Most of his poems and treatises were also written during this period.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="131" >2</h1>
In the third year of Tang Guangqi (887), Emperor Tang went to Baoji. Sikong Tu did not get the opportunity to accompany the car, so he went home and lived in seclusion in the Zhongtiao Mountain Wangguan Valley, as evidenced by "Ding Wei Nian Returns to Wang Guan Valley":
The family mountain prison fell to the dust of the west, and the horse stole the road back to the road has been lost. Tsukasa rolled flags in clusters, and lace-shifting birds chirped.
Originally, it was a thin and light text, but it caused the original to move and drum. Will take a pot of idle sun and moon, long song deep into the Wuling Creek.
After returning, Sikong Tu decided to live in seclusion from now on, no longer living a trembling eunuch career.
He once composed seven laws and a song "Retreating" Cloud:
Eunuch Xiao Suo became incompetent and moved to the uppermost level of Nakajo. The sword is like a good servant, and the dead book is like a lost friend.
Yan Zhao is not an empty pity horse, and he also loves eagles. Since then, he has been in addition to the rope inspection, and ken has been teaching the world to be conscientious every day.
The poem goes through the following lines:
1. Xiao Suo
Xiao Suo in the first sentence is embodied in three or four sentences: The sword is like a jian servant, and the dead book is like a lost friend.
The two sentences of the jaw connection are wonderful in the metaphor, the sword is like an excellent assistant, the book is the best friend, between the gains and losses, write the love of its eunuchs for many years.
The sword is two of the ancients' belongings, with a special symbol. Meng Haoran Shiyun: Thirty years of the emperor, the book and sword have not been accomplished. That is, the meaning of "eunuch Xiao Suo".
2. Incompetence
The incompetence in the first sentence is reflected in five or six sentences: Yan Zhao is not an empty pity horse, and he also loves eagles.
Two allusions are used here, King Yan Zhao built a golden platform to worship the general, and bought a horse bone with thousands of gold, indicating his love for talent. Zhi Yu was a senior monk in the Eastern Jin Dynasty and loved to raise eagles and horses. The upper link uses the allusion of the King of Yan Zhao, indicating the outlier, and the lower link uses the branch allusion to indicate seclusion.
Sikong Tu said that his talent is not good, not the BMW in the eyes of King Yan Zhao, or go to the mountains to live in seclusion.
3, Migration
The second sentence is generally moved, which is reflected in the tail link: from then on, outside the rope inspection, Ken teaches the world to be conscientious day by day.
Move to the top of Nakajo, leave the bound career path, "go to the outside of the rope", and live in seclusion in the Nakajo Mountains. Ken means not to. Don't worry about the power struggle of the late Tang Dynasty, which is afraid of the danger.
Emperor Tang returned to Chang'an from Baoji shortly afterwards, and in March of the following year (888 CE), Emperor Xianzong fell ill and died at the Wude Hall in Chang'an Palace. He was succeeded by his younger brother, another puppet emperor, Emperor Zhaozong of Tang.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="157" >3, Title Hugh Pavilion (a song of insulting residents).</h1>
After Emperor Zhaozong of Tang ascended the throne, Li Ye repeatedly recruited Sikong Tu and successively held the posts of Worshipper, Counselor, Hubu Shilang, and Bingbu Shilang.
The Li Tang Dynasty was terminally ill, with feudal towns and feudal divisions outside and internal power and chaotic government. Zhu Wen, who surrendered to the imperial court in the Huangchao rebel army, gradually became full of wings and completely controlled the government. Tang Zhaozong Li Ye was just a puppet at the mercy of others,
Sikong Tu had already seen through the situation, so on the grounds of old illness, he insisted on not accepting it. To this end, he specially built a pavilion in WangGuangu, named "Xiu Xiu Ting", and wrote a "Record of Xiu Xiu Ting" to clarify his ambitions:
Those who change their names are not surprised, and they measure their materials, and it is advisable to rest. Guess the difference, two should be hugh also. And the old and the old, the three Yi Xiu also. And few and lazy, long and rate, old and roundabout, are the three, are not for the purpose of saving time, and it is advisable to rest.
There is also a "Song of The Insulting Resident":
Du, No, Hugh Hugh, Momomo, trick two although multi-sexual spiritual evil,
Lai is a long-time teacher idle.
Hugh Hugh, Momomo, a game of chess, a pot of medicine,
Providence is predictable.
The day is more cheerful, and gold is difficult to buy to ride a crane.
If you know how er can, the answer is not insulting.
There is also a poem "Xiu Xiu Ting":
And if you are happy, you can be safe, and the disease is even more worrying. Poor Quinoa, what a melon farmer.
There is also the ancient poem "Xiu Xiu Ting" (本濯缨亭, burned by the Shaanxi army, reconstituted, renamed Xiu Xiu) Yun:
Wash the ears of the city dynasty, and build the rest of the pavilion to get the site.
The three-way grass grows deep and does not have a single dust.
Elbow to see the green mountains, lead the crane to listen to the flowing water.
Unique love of the king's heart, always ready to be purposeful.
Sikong Tu's poems are almost the same, I honestly hide in my home, I will not go out of the mountains to realize the dream of the Qi family to rule the country and the world, and it will be satisfied to be a melon grower like Shao Ping. But my love for the King has never been lost.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="86" > four, twenty-four poems</h1>
He Yisun's "Poetry Raft" commented on Sikong Tu and said:
Late Tang Dynasty Wei Sikong Tu shan on poetry... But it is a poem of its own, and it has not departed from the habits of the late Tang Dynasty,
Sikong Tu's poems are not highly evaluated by later generations, but his poetic treatise "Twenty-Four Poems" has a wide influence in creating forms of literary and art criticism.
The Twenty-Four Poems divide poetry into twenty-four categories according to artistic style and artistic conception:
Majestic, diluted, delicate, composed, high ancient, elegant, refined, vigorous, beautiful, natural, subtle, bold, spiritual, meticulous, sparse, clear, weiqu, realistic, sad, described, transcendent, ethereal, open, flowing.
Formally consists of twenty-four four-word poems. Each four-word poem is divided into 12 sentences, such as "dilution":
The perfect place is silent, and the magic is subtle. Drink Taihe, Crane and Fly.
Judas is the wind, and the silk is in the clothes. Reading the sound of the fence, the beauty of the return.
The depth of the encounter is the greater the desire. Off the shape, the handshake has been violated.
This approach has caused many poets of later generations to imitate, such as the "Continuing Poems" of Yuan Ming, an old man in the Qing Dynasty, in which the "Jijing" section writes:
Mixed elements transport goods, flow without injection. Meet the future, take it.
Poetry is like chemical industry, that is, the scenery is interesting. The dead are like this, and there is no reason for the new.
According to the shape of the object, change steps with the scene. He who is a pillar of glue will be recognized in the twilight.
However, whether the "Twenty-Four Poems" was written by Sikong Tu is still somewhat controversial.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="56" > concluding remarks</h1>
In the twenty-two years after Sikong Tu wrote the poem "Retreating", he basically lived in seclusion in his hometown of Wang Guangu.
In the fourth year of Tianfu (904), Zhu Quanzhong summoned Sikong Tu to be the Rebbe Shangshu, and Sikong Tu had no choice but to go to Chang'an, pretending to be old and ill and ignoring political affairs, and was later released.
After the fall of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the poet Tao Yuanming lived in seclusion for the rest of his life. Sikong Tu did not transcend the world, and at the age of 72, Sikong Tu went on a hunger strike for the demise of the Tang Dynasty. Liu Kezhuang of the Song Dynasty commented:
The festival will fly away, and the tooth lang will show off the rest. Tang Chen did not live up to the country, but there was only one Shangshu.
At the end, compose seven laws and one song for today's homework, "Lamentations":
At sunset, the west of the west is restored, and Chang'an looks back at the chaotic clouds. The broken intestine Tianzi chanted thunderous sentences, and the wise poet sang retreat.
The pavilion rested and momo, and in the dream he hated the lonely and miserable. Wuling Creek sent peach blossoms to the end, only the empty mountain Du Yu cried.
@Old Street Taste
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