In the Stalin era, there were two stalin actors who were the most acclaimed.
At the top of the list was Guillavani, who had played Stalin in films such as Lenin in 1918, Unforgettable 1919, and The Conquest of Berlin.
Guerovani plays Stalin
Galovani created a most handsome Stalin image, the actor looks dignified, the silhouette is clear, especially Galovani pays attention to imitating the details of Stalin's actions, in the speech, Gallovani pays attention to the use of gestures to express the character's inner firm and determined will, well conveying the inner world of the character.
Gallovani's signature action is to raise a hand, press down, and then repeat in turn, thus forming his attachment and capture of the figure's physical movements. Seemingly simple gestures, under The rhythmic interpretation of Gallovani, expresses the situation and state of the character's heart that shatters any difficulty and unscrupulousness.
Guerovani's version of Stalin
Galovani was a Georgian who pursued an accent that, in fact, did not please Stalin.
Stalin always wanted to dilute his Georgian national identity, so the actor Giki, who later became a Russian, won Stalin's favor even more.
Jiki
In terms of appearance, it is difficult to say that there is any similarity with Stalin, but he is tall, calm, and quiet, so he forcibly erects Stalin's image there, and has his own distinctive image aura.
The image of Stalin that Giki created with a pure Russian accent was very pleasing to Stalin, so that Giki, who was difficult to match In appearance with Gallovani, became a inseparable and inconsistent actor who played Stalin for a while.
Giki in The Bloody Battle of Stalingrad
In the book "The Little-Known Profile of Stalin" by Roy Medvedev and Joles Medvedev (Xinhua Publishing House, 2004 edition), Giki is introduced:
In the post-war films The Third Strike and The Defence of Stalingrad, Stalin was no longer played by a Georgian (Mikhail Glovani), as he once was, but by Alexei Tiki, a Russian actor who spoke on screen without a Georgian accent. This was done with stalin's own approval. Ji Genomi received a Stalin prize for playing this role. ”
The 1949 edition of Stalin, played by Giki, was divided into episodes and was screened in China in the early 1950s and left a deep impression on Chinese audiences.
The film uses a chronicle to interpret the course of the war, which also has a great influence on Chinese war films. Later, in "Shangganling", this technique was also adopted, which should be said to have been inspired by this narrative technique in the 1949 edition of "The Great Blood Battle of Stalingrad".
The opening credits of The Great Bloody Battle of Stalingrad
The presentation of the war scene in the 1949 version of "The Great Blood Battle of Stalingrad" also directly affected the "Southern Expedition and Northern War" directed by Cheng Yin.
Let us note that in the shady version of "Southern Expedition and Northern War", there is finally a fierce battle at the General's Temple, which can be clearly seen that it was influenced by the 1949 version of "The Great Blood Battle of Stalingrad".
City street scene in The Bloody Battle of Stalingrad
In this version of "Southern Expedition and Northern War", the People's Liberation Army is also ambushed in the ruins of the broken wall, according to the opening of the film, this General Temple Station, during the War of Resistance, our army once fought here, so it is easy to explain why there is such an empty abandoned building.
Stills from "Southern Expedition and Northern War"
In the shot, we can see that "The Southern Expedition and the Northern War" also adopted the same lateral shot as the 1949 version of "The Great Blood Battle of Stalingrad", sweeping through the remnants of the building on the wall, and our army launched a sniper war in an abandoned building.
Battle scene of "Southern Expedition and Northern War"
In fact, you can think about it, the skeletal broken wall in the 1949 version of "Stalingrad Blood War" was due to the bombing of German aircraft, and in the early days of the Liberation War, it was difficult to have that kind of towering broken wall remnants, and the seemingly realistic sniper scenes in "Southern Expedition and Northern War" must be completely in line with the war situation shown in the movie.
But we can feel the influence of the 1949 edition of Stalingrad Bloody Battle in China.
In November 1952, Petrov, the director of this film, accompanied the Soviet film delegation to participate in the "Soviet Film Exhibition" held in our country, and also held a film lecture in our country.
It's a little odd that the 1949 version of Stalingrad's Bloody Battle was once seen again in Chinese theaters in the 1990s. At that time, there was a record of the fact that the film had been seen in the cinema.
The 1949 edition of "The Great Blood Battle of Stalingrad" was not originally released at the same time, a difference of seven months, and it should be said that it was two films released independently, but when we screened in China, the upper and lower parts were screened together.
In 1990, a three-hour version of the film of the same name directed by the former Soviet famous Ozelov was released, and when it was broadcast on CCTV, the translation of "Stalingrad Blood War" was also used.
Stills from The Great Bloody Battle of Stalingrad
Zhukov is an important character in Ozelov's version of The Great Blood Battle at Stalingrad, but in the 1949 version of The Bloody Battle of Stalingrad, not a single shadow of Zhukov is seen. In the film, Zhukov's future at-the-time command function is assumed by the chief of staff of the Ministry of National Defense, Vasileevsky, and his role in the film is also at the behest of Stalin's clever calculations, nodding his head and saying yes, implementing it in action.
The number of participants used in "The Bloody Battle of Stalingrad" is not huge, but the effect is not presented. In this film, more than 10,000 soldiers participated, more than 100 tanks, more than 100 aircraft, rubber boats, armored airboats were also dispatched. Stalingrad also carved out special places for filming. Trikov, who commanded the defense of Stalingrad on the front line, and the captured German general Paulus both provided background information for the historical facts of the film, especially Pauls gave a lot of real information behind the decisions in the German command.
The problems with the 1949 edition of Stalingrad's Bloody Battle are clear. Just as the image of Stalin in the film is incomparably tall, in the whole movie, only Stalin is strategizing and directing the country, always in the office of the Kremlin, with divine help, constantly giving instructions, determining decisions, deploying troops, and mobilizing troops.
Stalin in The Bloody Battle of Stalingrad
Of course, this also reflects a certain fact, even in the history books of Western scholars in World War II, it is also affirmed that Stalin did have a higher decision-making judgment and position than the soldiers in the front when commanding the war, but Stalin in the 1949 edition of "The Great Blood Battle of Stalingrad" was completely through painstaking thinking about the map, and he continued to export one trick after another and implemented it on the battlefield, which was too magical.
And the war scenes in the movie, even the audience at the time, felt too small and lacked a sense of reality. In the film, we can indeed see the footage of the army charging through the mountains, but the narrow screen scene and the schematicality of the black and white shot cannot convey the real momentum and style.
Battle scenes from the Bloody Battle of Stalingrad
Therefore, the war scenes in the film invested a huge amount of manpower and material resources, but did not achieve earth-shattering visual effects.
By the time Ozelov filmed the new version of Stalingrad In 1990, the Former Soviet Union was at the end of its precarious end, and at the end of the film, there was no money.
In desperation, Ozelov had to ask for help from Warner Bros. in the United States and got the shooting funds, but Hollywood has always been inching forward, asking for American actors to be added in the film, Ozelov was reluctant, but the money could be psychic, the two were weighed, and finally had to give up the first male protagonist, Trikov, played by the American actor Bowers Booth. This is also a strange story before the country will not be a country.
Bowers Booth
Trikov in the 1990 edition
The 1949 version of "Stalingrad Blood Battle" did not create a vivid soldier image, in fact, compared with the movie script, it still portrayed a variety of soldier images and ordinary people's images, including a local old lady, are described very vividly, but to the movie is gone, all are Italian soldier statue-like existence, it looks like the blade of the soldier silhouette, can not see a little real people's hearts, so the war scenes in the movie can not resonate with the audience, I have to say that it is the flaw of the movie.
The 1949 version of "The Great Blood Battle of Stalingrad" still has a big gap with the later filmed "Conquering Berlin". The idea of "Conquering Berlin" is correct, that is, through the love thread of an ordinary soldier, to connect the war, and at the same time, it also reflects the image of Stalin.
In the 1949 edition of The Great Blood Battle of Stalingrad, Stalin, alone, paced back and forth in the main halls of the Kremlin alone, perhaps to take care of the loneliness of Stalin's image, the film specially arranged for an old friend of Tsaritsyn to visit Stalin, and Stalin also picked up a totollo with him to review the state of mind of Napoleon who had been defeated.
Giky was able to step into the role of Stalin, which is related to his previous portrayal of Kutuzov and Admiral Nakhimov, the historical Kutuzov in Moscow to meet the invaders, successfully defeated and won; Admiral Nakhimov defeated the enemy in the Crimean War, which is the model of the modern Soviet soldiers in the Soviet movie "The Third Strike" who won the same war.
Jiji played a national hero in many historical films, this kind of great temperament, under the filming ideas at that time, and Stalin's personal temperament have inherent unity and commonality, Jiji transformed to play Stalin, with the support of historical background, but also has the approval of his appearance and image of the times. Jiki's personality and temperament naturally coincide with the image appeal of a mighty and tall Stalin.
Below, let's take a look at some of the movies giki has starred in:
In 1934, he played a role in Fishermen's Revolt.
Jiki in Fishermen's Revolt
In 1943, he played the number one role in Kutuzov.
Jiki in Kutuzov
When this film was made during the Great Patriotic War, the film's intention to use historical examples of victory to encourage real-life struggles was clear. The movie now looks a little rough, with characters with comic overtones. This film has been screened in our country.
In 1946, he played the male lead in Admiral Nakhimov.
Admiral Nakhimov poster and stills
In 1947 he played Admiral Nakhimov in The Surgeon Perogov.
Poster of "Perogov the Surgeon"
In 1947, he played Stalin in "Ordinary Soldier". This is the first film in which Ghiki has a record of starring in Stalin.
Poster of "Ordinary Soldier"
In 1948, he played the role of vasily Vasilyevich, a military doctor, in The Real Man.
Stills from The Real Man
In 1948, he starred as Stalin in The Third Strike.
Stills from "The Third Strike"
In 1949, he played Stalin in the Bloody Battle of Stalingrad.
Interested readers can learn more details about Giki's artistic path from the following actor profile:
Giki (1889--1955) Soviet actor, director, People's Artist of the USSR (1949). In 1909 he studied at the Haryugina School. From 1910 he worked at the Moscow Art Theater and in 1913 at the Theater's First Art School. From 1931 to 1936, he presided over the work of the drama school. He has worked in the Vakhtangov Theater, the Little Theater, the Pushkin Opera House in Moscow, etc. From the film in 1919 ("What Are You"). His roles include Kutuzov in The Great Defeat of Napoleon (i.e. Kutuzov, 1944, 1946 Soviet State Prize), Nakhimov in Admiral Nakhimov (1917, Soviet State Prize, Venice International Film Festival Prize), Third Strike (1948, Soviet State Prize) and Stalin in Battle of Stalingrad (1949, Soviet State Prize in 1950). Giki's character is known for having great inner strength. His most important creation was as the surgeon Vasily Vasilyevich in the film The Real Man (1948).
From this resume, we can see a doubt, that is, after 1936, how did his acting career be interrupted?
In fact, Giki's life experience is still quite bumpy. Incredibly, although he later played Stalin and received the approval of Stalin himself, he also went to prison and was assigned to Siberia in the 1930s. This is also the reason why his acting experience during that period is not mentioned in the resume.
According to the data, in 1936, Giki was expelled from Moscow, went to a theater in Leningrad as a director, because of his talent, was jealous, framed, in 1937, he was charged with anti-Soviet activities, sent to a siberian labor camp, stayed until 1941 was released, but also did not allow him to return to Moscow and Leningrad, was placed in the Siberian city of Omsk. It was not until 1944, when he starred in Kutuzov, that he achieved a turnaround in fate.
Because of his role as Stalin, Jiki also received the attention of Stalin himself, who had invited him to meet in the Kremlin, asked him about his experience, knew that he had been in exile in Siberia, and Stalin told him that his imprisonment was a must, and that everyone in the country had to experience such an experience in exile and prisoner-of-war camps.
But the ordeals of the past have not prevented Giki from creating the most powerful and tall image of Stalin on the screen.
It was only later that Ji Ji's colleague, because he directed a stage play that satirized bureaucracy, caused a lot of trouble and was criticized, and Ji Ji was very close to this colleague, and his mood was also affected, and he became addicted to alcoholism and his spirit was depressed.
In 1955, two years after Stalin's death, Giki died of heart failure at the age of 66.
Another Stalin actor, Guélovani, died in 1956 at the age of 63.
The two actors who played the heroes, Gallovani and Jiki, when Stalin was alive, indeed had unlimited scenery and enjoyed full glory, and the two people interpreted Stalin's most handsome side and the most powerful side respectively. These two world-recognized temperament dimensions are no longer seen in the future image of Stalin.
In terms of artistic image, these two people did leave a special image structure in the film film, which can reflect the various fluctuations and colors of Stalin's image in the future, which has a unique reference significance.
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