The smallest country in the world, with an area of only 0.44 square kilometers, is surrounded by Rome, Italy
Rome, the capital of Italy, is a city full of monuments. Here, in addition to feeling the long and profound historical and cultural heritage, there is also a landlocked city-state, with a mysterious "small pocket country" - the Vatican is worth a visit.
Located in the highlands in the northwest corner of Rome, the Vatican is surrounded by Roman regiments and is known as "Guo China". On my last trip to Rome, Italy, I checked in to the Vatican. As the smallest and least populous country in the world, the Vatican has a land area of only 0.44 square kilometers. In other words, the entire Vatican country is a church.
And this church is St. Peter's Basilica in the Vatican, the largest Catholic church in the world. As the center of Catholicism in the world, St. Peter's Basilica has a prominent position and is world-famous, the seat of the Holy See headed by the Pope, a pilgrimage site for Catholics around the world, and the religious center of one-sixth of the world's population. It can be said that although the Vatican is small, it has infinite "energy".
I took metro line A from Roma Central Station to Vatican Museums Station, and about 5 minutes from the station came to St. Peter's Square in the Vatican, where the semi-circular square is crowded and lively. Stopping at the square gives you a panoramic view of the "world's smallest country".
The Vatican means "City of the Prophets", and its history dates back to the 4th century AD, when the Pope built the Constantine Basilica in the northwest corner of Rome at the site of the martyrdom of St. Peter, the disciple of Jesus, and by the 15th and 16th centuries, the church was transformed into St. Peter's Basilica, becoming the main site of the Catholic Church.
After the unification of Italy in 1870, the Pope retired to the Vatican Palace. In 1929, Italy signed a treaty with the Pope, and the Vatican was recognized as a sovereign state with theocracy. The Vatican St. Peter's Square in front of St. Peter's Basilica, designed by Bernini architects, can accommodate 500,000 people at the same time, and the square also has national borders.
St. Peter's Basilica is the national symbol of the Vatican and the center of the pope's political and religious activities. St. Peter's Basilica was first built by Constantine the Great in 326 AD, and by the 16th century, Pope Giulio II was rebuilt on the site and completed in 1626. Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Raphael and other Renaissance masters participated in the design, construction and decoration of churches.
St. Peter's Basilica, as the most outstanding Renaissance building, is large in scale and beautifully decorated, with a crucifixion on the exterior and a skillful blend of Roman domes and Greek columns. The interior is splendidly decorated with beautiful sculptural frescoes and a 42-metre-diameter vault in the center, 138 metres high. With a total area of 23,000 square meters and a maximum capacity of 60,000 people at the same time, the church is an architectural gem of the European Renaissance.
The triangular distribution of the Vatican territory consists of St. Peter's Square, St. Peter's Basilica, the Vatican Palace and the Vatican Museums, etc., except for St. Peter's Square bounded by lines, other national borders are limited by ancient city walls.
The Vatican is crowded with tourists every day, and here, you can visit St. Peter's Basilica and the Vatican Museums, St. Peter's Basilica is undoubted, but it is recommended to go early, the lines are extraordinary. The Vatican Museums, located north of St. Peter's Basilica, are also worth seeing, with many rare artifacts and art treasures.
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