How to learn idioms well? A small dictionary that has been selling well for over 60 years and more than 100 million copies

Is "brightly lit" just "brilliantly lit"?

Does "sin not be condemned" mean "sin should not be condemned"?

Is "tube peeping" meaning "peeping leopard in the tube, a glimpse"?

Is the "theory of not publishing" "a statement that cannot be published, that cannot be published in elegance"?

Chinese idioms contain many historical and cultural allusions, and accurate use of idioms is the proper meaning of learning and carrying forward China's excellent traditional culture.

Today, I would like to share this book, which was collectively compiled by the 1955 language class students of the Department of Chinese of Peking University, and reviewed and revised by famous linguists Wei Jiangong and Zhou Zumo, and comprehensively revised and rearranged the "Small Dictionary of Chinese Idioms" (6th edition) by the Dictionary Research Center of the Commercial Press.

Let's learn to use these 10 idioms that are easy to use.

1. Does "brightly lit" mean "brilliantly lit"?

No.

"Brilliant lights" is easier to understand, and the "Small Dictionary of Chinese Idioms" explains it as: the lights are brilliant. Describe the night as a bright and lively scene.

In some media reports, it is often used to describe the meaning of brilliant lights, which is misused. As:

The lights in Harbin City at night are dimmed and full of lights, and various unique colored lanterns make the beautiful ice city a city that never sleeps. (Heilongjiang Morning Post, January 7, 2011)

"Lantern Shan Shan" said Xin Renjie's "Qingyu Case, New Year's Eve", "The crowd looked for him for a thousand hundred degrees, and suddenly looked back, but the man was there, and the lights were dimmed." ”

"Shan Shan" is a series of words with many meanings, but they all contain the meaning of decay, depression, fragmentation, and end. Used to describe the spark light, it is sparse and dim, which is exactly the opposite of the meaning of the brilliant light.

2. Is it accurate to describe the landscape of nature?

Inaccurate.

First, look at the interpretation of "ghostly work" in the "Small Dictionary of Chinese Idioms", "Zhuangzi Dasheng": "Ziqing cut wood into iron, iron into iron, and those who see it are shocked by ghosts and gods." "It means that Ziqing is skilled in craftsmanship, carved into wooden irons, and people who see it are amazed, thinking that it is made by ghosts and gods." Later, it is used to describe the high level of artistic skill, which is not achievable by human beings.

It can be seen from this that "miraculous craftsmanship" is used to describe people's artistic skills, which do not look like human beings, but from the opposite side, the skills are not artificial, and the "ingenious craftsmanship" describes the skills from the front than the heavens and the earth, which can only be used to praise people's skills, but cannot describe natural scenes.

3. Is the "theory of not publishing" "a statement that cannot be published, cannot be published in a dignified manner"?

No.

The Small Dictionary of Chinese Idioms explains, "Journal: delete, modify." Refers to correct, immutable statements. ”

The word "journal" does not mean "publication, publication" in modern times. In ancient times, "journal" meant "delete typos", "non-publication" meant "unchangeable", and the remarks were appropriate and impeccable.

4. "Living up to expectations" and "living up to expectations" are not living up to everyone's expectations?

No.

In the "Small Dictionary of Chinese Idioms", the "negative" of "not living up to the expectations" means "failing", and "living up to the expectations" means not living up to everyone's expectations.

The "fu" of "unpopular" means "convincing", and this idiom is the meaning of not being able to meet everyone's expectations and not convincing everyone.

5. Are "entering the house" and "inching forward" synonymous?

No.

The "Small Dictionary of Chinese Idioms" explains "entering the room", tang: referring to the hall house, the main room. Chamber: Refers to the inner chamber. Entered the main room and entered the inner room. The analects of the Analects are advanced. Figurative knowledge or skill goes from shallow to deep, step by step, and gradually reaches a high level of achievement. Also known as "Ascension into the Chamber".

Look at the interpretation of "inching forward": get an inch and want to move forward a foot. The parable is that greed is insufficient, and what is small is big.

6. Is "tube peeping" meaning "peeping leopard in the tube, a glimpse"?

No.

The "Small Dictionary of Chinese Idioms" explains "tube voyeuristic detection", voyeurism, from the pores. Lily, a scoop made of shells. The Book of Han and the Tale of oriental Shuo: "Peeping at the sky with a pipe, measuring the sea with a liturg" means looking at the sky from a bamboo pipe hole, measuring the sea with a scoop, and seeing and measuring only a very small part. The metaphor's observation and understanding of things is very narrow and one-sided. It is pejorative and is also used for self-effacing. It should not be understood as a synonym for "peeping" and "speculating" to avoid misuse.

And when "peeping at the leopard in the tube, a glimpse" is used together, it is only the metaphor that can be inferred from the part of the observation how the whole is.

7. Does "the two ends of the first rat" mean "words and deeds"?

No.

In the "Small Dictionary of Chinese Idioms", the definition is like this, the first mouse: hesitant. Two ends: two ends. Hesitate or waver between the two.

The key to understanding this idiom lies in the word "first mouse". "First rat" is a double-voiced continuous word, meaning "hesitation" and "hesitation". Without understanding this, it is easy to misunderstand "the two ends of the first mouse" as "words and deeds are not the same".

Such as misuse in the media:

It is true that scholars must have credibility, but the premise of having credibility should be consistent in words and deeds, consistent in appearance, at least to be responsible for their own words and deeds, and not to be at both ends, especially not to be skilled in playing with faces.

8. Is "sin not to be condemned" mean "sin should not be condemned"?

No.

In the "Small Dictionary of Chinese Idioms", the meaning is that "sins cannot be condemned", and the crime is extremely evil, and killing cannot offset the crime committed.

Many film and television dramas and media reports often misuse their meaning, often to indicate that the crime committed should not be sentenced to death, not to the point where death must be.

The key to understanding this idiom lies in the word "Rong". "Tolerance" here means tolerance and forgiveness, not "tolerance".

9. Does "unquestionable beak" mean "unquestionable"?

No.

In the "Small Dictionary of Chinese Idioms", it is explained that "there is no need to put a beak", beak: the mouth of a bird and a beast, borrowing the mouth of a person. Beak: Plug in. No interjection. This idiom means "not to allow others to interject", not "no doubt, no doubt".

In some media reports, it has been used to indicate "indisputable", which is obviously a misuse. As:

The fact that China is fast becoming the world's largest market for high-end products and services is an indisputable fact.

10. Does "vehicle load" just mean a large number?

No.

In the "Small Dictionary of Chinese Idioms", the "Three Kingdoms Zhi Wu Shu Sun Quan Biography" quotes the "Book of Wu": "Such as the ratio of subjects, the number of vehicles, innumerable." "This means that people like me can use the car and the amount of buckets, and they can't be counted." Later, "vehicle bucket volume" was used to describe the number of lots, not nothing.

It can be seen that "vehicle volume" is not only used to describe the large number of people or things of the same kind, the key lies in its emotional color: it is not surprising that there are so many.

"Vehicle load" means to be contemptuous and considered unsurprising. If this is ignored, using it to praise respectable and extraordinary people or things is emotionally incongruous. As:

Traditional cultural readings that are harmless and beneficial to children, such as Tang poems and Song poems, Tang and Song poems, Tang and Song articles...

Here, the valuable literary heritage of Tang poetry and Song poetry and yuanqu is not suitable for the use of "vehicle-mounted bucket volume", and can be changed to "vast sea".

The above content is a comprehensive compilation of the "Chinese Idiom Dictionary" (6th edition), "200 Cases of Idiom Misuse" and other editors, and the small editor has adjusted

5 good books to learn idioms

1. "Chinese Idiom Dictionary" (6th Edition): It contains 4600 of the most commonly used idioms, which is especially suitable for teachers and students of primary and secondary schools and general language workers, and is one of the best-selling books welcomed by readers.

On the basis of the fifth revision, it was comprehensively revised and rearranged by the Dictionary Research Center of the Commercial Press.

It was collectively written by the 1955 language class students of the Department of Chinese of Peking University, and reviewed and revised by the famous linguists Wei Jiangong and Zhou Zumo.

The interpretation clearly indicates the figurative meaning, the adjective meaning, and the positive and negative colors. Difficult words are particularly annotated and dialecticed.

2. "200 Cases of Idiom Misuse Discrimination", "Continuation of 200 Cases of Idiom Misuse Discrimination", "200 Cases of Idiom Misuse (III)": What should I do if Idiom misuse and abuse? Why is it wrong? How can I use it correctly? What should I pay attention to in understanding and applying this idiom?

The idioms selected in this book are highly frequently misused in the media, taken from recent major newspapers and major websites.