Author: Pei An Ge, Source: Tang Poetry Song Ci Ancient Poetry (ID: tsgsc8)
When we mention Cui Hao, the first thing we think of is the "Yellow Crane Tower" that has been flowing for thousands of years, in which "Qingchuan Calendar Hanyang Tree, Yerba Buena Parrot Island." Where is Nippori Pass? The smoke wave on the river makes people sad" shows that he is far beyond the pattern and temperament of the times, skillfully combining the perception of life with nostalgia, and although the whole poem is written with melancholy, it can be seen that he is open-minded and wise.
This classic work made Li Bai can't help but issue a sigh of "there is a scene in front of you, and Cui Hao's inscription poem is on the top". However, in addition to this "Yellow Crane Tower", our familiarity with Cui Hao's other works is not high, and even many children can recite "Yellow Crane Tower" with a bang, but they do not know much about the author, to a certain extent, this poem is more famous than the author.
In the "Biography of Tang Caizi", Cui Hao was described as follows: "The young man is a poet, the meaning is flashy, the meaning is more than a light and thin, the late festival suddenly changes into a normal body, and the wind and bones are awe-inspiring." ”
This sentence reflects the impression of most people on Cui Hao's works, that is, most of the early works are rhetorical, but the intention is superficial, but in the later years, they are very different from when they were young, and the works tend to be magnificent and generous. Looking closely at Cui Hao's life course, the change in style is not unrelated to the change in life experience.
1
Cui Hao was born into the famous Cui clan during the Tang Dynasty, noble and wealthy. It can be seen from the "Biography of Tang Caizi" that Cui Hao was a person who showed extremely high literary talent and talent when he was young, and he was already a soldier when he was young, which should have been a state of fresh clothes and angry horses, but at that time, many people did not despise his works were talking about boudoir and women's sorrows, which is why some people commented on his "flashy intentions, more trapped and thin", however, tasting his works, although it is about women living in emotions, it is not simply a pile of gorgeous words to describe eating, drinking and having fun, but often has a different intention.
Fifteen married Wang Chang, Yingying into the painting hall.
Since the least years of self-esteem, the re-reliance on the son-in-law as a lang.
Dance love before the green, song pity the night long.
Idle to fight hundreds of grass, live a day without makeup.
--Tang Cui Hao, "The Young Woman of the Wang Family"
This poem "The Young Woman of the Wang Family" is one of the typical representatives of Cui Hao's early works, and the whole poem depicts the women who marry the Wang family from a beautiful expectation of marriage to a state of loss of hope. A young girl who married into the family at the age of fifteen also walked into the inner hall with the pace of a better life of marriage, although the two also had a good time of singing and dancing together and picking flowers together, but these were temporary after all, and the young girl felt powerless to the husband's like the new and tired of the old, and finally lived into a depressed woman who did not wear makeup all day and was idle.
Cui Hao's poem represents his understanding of the lives of many women who marry into the official family, perhaps these women also live a rich life of fine clothes and jade food and clothing after marriage, but in Cui Hao's pen, they truly express their inner appeals.
Although they do not have to face the hardships of life and material poverty, but since ancient times women are for their own pleasure, these women have enough time every day, but they have not put on makeup every day, it is clear that no one appreciates their appearance anymore, and there is no longer the shyness and good memories of "Yingying entering the painting hall".
In fact, why don't they want to get the real love of their husbands, who wants to be like this, after the enthusiasm is left behind, they have to face the lonely reality of "only seeing new people laughing, and smelling old people crying".
Not only are ordinary dignitaries and nobles, Cui Hao's description of the sorrows of the boudoir even writes about the tragic experience of women after marrying into the royal family:
The king favored the first rest and abandoned his concubine Nagato Palace.
The Purple Hall is full of moss, and the sky is bright and clear.
Night sorrows give birth to pillows, spring curtains.
Crying no one asked, Rong Hua fell into the mirror.
--Don Choi Hao, "Nagato Grudge"
Nagato Palace was the place where Empress Chen of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty moved when she was deposed, and the literati used "Nagato" to describe the miserable life of court women after being rejected by the king.
There are no flowery words in Cui Hao's "Nagato Complaint", and every word is telling the experience of the woman in the deep palace after being abandoned, and expressing melancholy from the side of every bit of environmental description. The moss-covered front hall can be seen here desolate, no one has set foot on it for a long time, and the people who live here cannot sleep at night, and their hearts are full of sorrow. However, life outside Nagato Palace is as springy as ever, but these prosperity and splendor, as if this spring, came to an abrupt end at the entrance of Nagato.
In fact, no matter how many scenery, no matter what the four seasons, will not let go of any corner of this world, this Nagato Palace feels that it is not in line with the spring color outside, it is precisely because the hearts of the people who live inside have long been indifferent to all this. After all, at the end of the poem, she dried her tears, and no one cared, and all she could see every day was the aging face in the mirror.
Cui Hao's poem focuses on the things and scenery inside and outside Nagato, making people constantly think about this tragic state of life, and through these vivid descriptions, they can imagine how a fancy woman has become so miserable, as if seeing the unloved abandoned woman, crying red eyes, singing sad tunes, telling about her bitter heart.
Regarding the life of the royal woman, in addition to describing the tragedy of the deep palace, Cui Hao is more bold, he has a surprising sentence in "Meet and Go": "The female brother is newly favored, and the brothers are close to the Marquis", which is a satire on the situation when Yang Guifei and her Yang family brothers played with power and covered the sky with one hand, during the Tang Xuanzong years, due to Yang Guifei's special favor, the Yang family's power was like day in the day, although most people and ministers were dissatisfied, but not everyone could boldly write emotions in the poem like Cui Hao.
It can be seen that although Cui Hao's early works depicted the life of women, in most cases they did not write about a luxurious life, and it was inevitable that his works were biased by describing his works with "flashy intentions and many traps", and he would also express his views on the current situation, dissatisfaction with the affairs of the court, and his heart, but also concerned about the development of the country and his own political ambitions.
Although Cui Hao came from a large family, most of his early works on women were concentrated in the royal power and nobility, but there were also works depicting the lives of commoner women.
Where the Jun's family lived, the concubines lived in Hengtang.
Stop the boat for a while, or I am afraid that it is a fellow countryman.
--Don Choi Hao, "Four Long Dry Songs"
Cui Hao's "ChangganQu" series is simple in speech, expressing his emotions by describing common scenes in daily life. The boat woman met a certain man and innocently asked the other party if she was a fellow countryman, and such a simple detail of life became a complete poem written by Cui Hao. He did not describe too much about the age or living conditions of women, but the words revealed the woman's faint sorrow for her hometown, I don't know what purpose she thought she might meet with her hometown, but she stopped the boat to inquire, you can know that the mood is slightly urgent, presumably it is also the reason why she has not returned to her hometown for a long time and has not seen the deceased, and the whole poem also shows the loneliness and longing of the woman when she lives in a foreign country.
2
Although Cui Hao had won the Jinshi early, he had never held a prominent official position, and he later left the capital and traveled all over the world, from the flowing water town in jiangnan to the frontier of the desert yellow sand. In this process, Cui Hao broadened his horizons, had more understanding and thinking about life, and his literary style also changed, mainly writing about military service and magnificent mountains and rivers, expressing a magnificent, optimistic and open-minded mentality, and the famous "Yellow Crane Tower" mentioned above was also written by Cui Hao in this state.
The young man is bold and brave enough to regain his knowledge.
The sword went out, and the isolated city was surrounded.
Kill people on the water, walk horses and fish yang return.
Staggered gold lock armor, monty mink rat coat.
Also home and hunting, the bow arrow is as fast as flying.
Ground eagle dog disease, grass deep fox rabbit fat.
Two strands are suspended around the waist, and the eyes are radiant.
Gu said that today's battle, how to follow Jianwei.
- Don Choi Hao, "The Generals of the Ancient Ranger's Army"
In this song "Ancient Ranger Presents the Generals in the Army", Cui Hao portrays the image of a young Ranger who is loyal and courageous, and kills the enemy on horseback, describing the whole process of him leaving home, fighting heroically after encountering a fierce war, and returning home after achieving fame. The young man was heroic since he was a child, and when he encountered his own land surrounded and suppressed by the enemy when he fought at the end of the sword, he did not hesitate to kill the enemy and charge and restrict until he returned to his hometown with victory.
After returning home, life is not boring, he is addicted to going out hunting, and he will also mention to those people around him about the days when he used to fight with the army. Whether on the battlefield or not, the Ranger is always a heroic and powerful image.
Cui Hao's poem is called "Ancient Rangers Present to the Generals in the Army", which can be seen that this poem was written to the generals in the army, and the image of this brave ranger created in the poem is undoubtedly an encouragement to the generals and soldiers, and at the same time expresses Cui Hao's admiration for them. It can be seen that at this time, Cui Hao's work has a more atmospheric poetic style, and the emotions are more of a defense of the mountains and rivers of the homeland and a praise for the great deeds of merit.
Yanjiao Fang is late in life, and the snow is frozen in the border city.
In April, the grass merges, and the spring aquatic life in Liaoyang is born.
The Hu people were herding horses, and the Han generals were conscripting troops.
The dew-heavy treasure knife is wet, and the sand is weak and the golden drum is sounding.
The winter clothes are exhausted, and the spring clothes are with whom.
Send a message to the Envoy of Luoyang, for the sake of passing on the border.
- Tang Cui Hao, "Liaoxi Zuo"
This "Liaoxi Zuo" is one of Cui Hao's famous works in the later period, depicting the training and defense of soldiers outside the frontier in the spring. It is the season of Spring and April, and the season of flowers blooming in Kannai has long passed, and in the cold frontier, the spring wind has just arrived, and the snow has begun to melt, and even the remnants of snow remain. When the weather was still not warm, the warriors' swords were stained with dew, and the loose yellow sand in the sky sounded together with the war drums of the army. At this time, both the Hu people who herded horses and the Han army, which were recruiting troops every day, hinted that there would be a great war trigger in the near future.
As for this, Cui Haoxing saw not only the tense military atmosphere that probably condensed in the air, but also focused on the hardships and hardships of frontier soldiers. In the poem, he wrote that the winter clothes of the warriors were in tatters, but he did not know who could send them spring clothes. Finally, he hoped to "send a message to Luoyang envoys to spread the border", and he hoped that Luoyang could know the hardships of these warriors.
In the whole poem, although Cui Hao describes the life of the frontier army, on the one hand, he expresses his sympathy for the exceptional hardships of the generals, on the other hand, it is not the anger and disappointment that the capital city is not sympathetic to the suffering of the chargers, and even the basic materials cannot be equipped.
From Cui Hao's works, it can be seen that the war with the Hu people at that time was a problem that the country has always faced. However, it is worth mentioning that Cui Hao did not single-handedly oppose the Han and Hu people, especially for the people on both sides, who firmly believed that the people were peace-loving.
He described the living conditions of the Hu generals in the "Song of the Hu People of Yanmen", one of which is "Hearing that there is no war in western Liaoning, always drunk and sleeping at the wine house" is quite classic, when the Hu people heard that the war that was supposed to happen was a false alarm, and when everything was stable and there was no war, they resumed the peace of mind of buying wine for fun. Cui Hao firmly believed that the Hu people, like the Han people, hated war and bloodshed, and wanted to live a peaceful life. From this poem, it can be seen that Cui Hao's views on many things are not limited to a single perspective, but have a more comprehensive consideration, which is mainly due to what he has seen and learned in his travels.
Cui Hao's works at this time are already full of thinking about the rise and fall of the country and the safety of the world, and there is no lack of cognitive changes in his own life. He has walked through the great rivers of the motherland, experienced the power of the natural world, seen the hardships and boldness of the life of the horse, most of his works turn to these related experiences, no longer only to describe the life of women to express their emotions, that rich teenager from a rich family, the boy who is ridiculed by many people and only pays attention to the life of the boudoir, and now he is a rough man who has seen the world and is more mature.
Cui Hao experienced two completely different lives in the first half of his life, but in any state of life, his desire for fame has never stopped. Unfortunately, he returned to Chang'an after his travels, and eventually had to take a minor official position, and failed to realize his ideal ambitions until his death.
Counting his life, it can be said that there are many legends, prominent births, young fame, it seems to have the brightest future, but in the end. He has understood the sorrows of women in a family, and he has also experienced the lament of the smallness of human beings in the face of the vastness of heaven and earth, he has written the story of the wind and snow, and he has also told the magnificent past, he left a famous poem "Yellow Crane Tower" throughout the ages, and also added a poet who changed from "superficial" to "awe-inspiring" in history.
-Author-
Pei An Ge, a serious girl who loves words and hot pot.