Authoritative answers about vaccinations from the Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention

Vaccination has played an important role in controlling infectious diseases and protecting people's lives and health. April 25 this year marks the 36th National Child Vaccination Day, with the theme of "Timely Vaccination for Life and Health". In response to the problems related to vaccination that the public is concerned about, the Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention has conducted centralized answers.

What achievements has the city's immunization program made?

Since the implementation of the national immunization program in 1978, the incidence of vaccine-preventable infectious diseases such as polio, diphtheria, pertussis, neonatal tetanus, measles, and hepatitis B has been effectively controlled. The practice of immunization programmes over the years has fully proved that vaccination is the most economical, effective and fundamental measure to control and even eliminate infectious diseases, and through the vaccination of school-age children, it is conservatively estimated that at least 400,000 children will be protected from the invasion of these infectious diseases.

What is an immunization programme vaccine and what is a non-immunization programme vaccine?

Immunization program vaccines refer to vaccines that residents shall receive in accordance with the provisions of the government, including vaccines determined by the national immunization program, vaccines added by the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government when implementing the national immunization program, and vaccines used in emergency vaccination or mass vaccination organized by people's governments at or above the county level or their competent departments for health and health.

Non-immunization programme vaccines are complementary to immunization programme vaccines and are given "voluntary, self-funded" vaccinations. It can be understood as all vaccines other than immunization program vaccines, such as the more common influenza vaccine, chickenpox vaccine, pneumonia vaccine, HPV vaccine, etc.

What vaccines are available in immunization programmes?

At present, the vaccines included in the immunization program in our city include hepatitis B vaccine, BCG vaccine, live attenuated polio vaccine, polio inactivated vaccine, acellular DTP vaccine, DTP vaccine, measles mumps rubella combined live attenuated vaccine (MMR), Live Attenuated Japanese encephalitis vaccine, group A flow brain vaccine, A +C group flow brain vaccine, and live attenuated hepatitis A vaccine.

The 11 immunization programme vaccines mentioned above are provided free of charge by the government to children. Prevented diseases include: polio, tuberculosis meningitis and disseminated diseases, diphtheria, whooping cough, tetanus, measles, rubella, mumps, hepatitis B, hepatitis A, Japanese encephalitis, meningococcal meningitis, a total of 12 infectious diseases.

Is the vaccine safe and reliable?

For example, the current large-scale vaccination of the new crown virus vaccine, the probability of serious adverse reactions is one in a million, while the case fatality rate of new crown pneumonia is two percent, compared with the two, it is not difficult to make trade-offs and trade-offs. Overall, humanity has benefited a lot from vaccines, and through vaccination, an effective immune barrier has been established, and if the disease is not controlled, the harm will be greater.

What do I need to be aware of when getting vaccinated during the pandemic?

1. During the epidemic period, it is recommended that parents plan their babies' vaccinations early.

2. Vaccines delayed due to the closure of the epidemic should be given priority to immunization programme vaccines with fixed immunization schedule time requirements (free vaccines), and then non-immunization program vaccines (self-funded vaccines).

3. If you have any questions, you can consult the vaccination clinic by telephone, etc., and the contact number of the vaccination clinic is registered on the homepage of the vaccination certificate, or pay attention to the "Dalian Disease Control" public account to obtain the vaccination clinic information.

4. For outpatient clinics that require appointments, parents should confirm the appointment and then go to the outpatient clinic according to the appointment time.

5. Vaccination should be suspended in five cases: abnormal body temperature or conscious discomfort; family members with novel coronavirus infection; travel to overseas or areas where local cases have occurred and continue to spread in the most recent month; have a history of contact with people infected with the new crown virus or suspected cases and their close contacts; and family members whose babies can reach have a history of fever within 14 days.

6. During the pandemic, vaccinations require protection. Reduce the number of accompanying personnel, it is recommended that "one child, one parent"; children and parents must wear masks after entering the clinic, keep a distance of at least 1 meter from others, and avoid unnecessary contact. Children within the age of one should not wear masks, parents should do a good job of protection, indirect protection of the baby; choose a ventilated and small place during the observation period; after returning home after vaccination, the mask should be correctly disposed of at the first time, and do a good job of hand disinfection treatment, pay close attention to the physical condition of the recipient. If there is fever, local redness and swelling after vaccination, it can generally be relieved by itself without special treatment; if there are other conditions that cannot be alleviated, contact the vaccination clinic or go to the local hospital in time.

Does delayed vaccination affect immunity?

The vaccination time is temporarily postponed, generally it will not affect the final immune effect of the vaccine, parents do not need to be nervous and anxious, but before vaccination, the risk of children suffering from the corresponding diseases still exists, so the postponed vaccine still needs to be re-injected as soon as possible.

How long can vaccines be delayed?

The problem varies from seedling to seedling and from dose to dose, and in general, the younger the child, the shorter the tolerable delay. For example, the first dose of hepatitis B vaccine needs to be completed within 24 hours after birth; vaccines involving basic immunization procedures should not be delayed as much as possible, and if they must be postponed, they should be arranged to be completed within 12 months of age, 3 doses of hepatitis B vaccine, the first 3 doses of polio vaccine, the first 3 doses of DTP vaccine, etc. Are all in this case; there are also some vaccines that need to take into account the high incidence season of the disease, such as live attenuated measles vaccine, it is best to complete vaccination before the spring high season of measles, rubella, and mumps. For better protection.

Peninsula Morning News, 39 degree video reporter Huang Fengtong