The day runs by the mountains, and the Yellow River flows into the sea. Want to go to the next level. Since the Qing Dynasty, this song of Wang Zhizhuo's "Climbing the Stork and Bird Tower" has become a famous five-word passage known to women and children in China.
This poem came out in the Tang Dynasty, through the wind and frost years of history, through the great waves and sand, still immortal for thousands of years, has been praised by poetry critics of all generations. So, what's so good about this poem? Song Dynasty scholars say the poem is a description of a magnificent scene.
Ming dynasty scholars say that this poem is strong in the implication of "going to a higher level". Qing Dynasty scholars said that this poem is good in the majestic atmosphere, "the recitation is full of spirit, although thunder can not stop the male." The modern scholar Zhang Taiyan praised this poem even more, calling it "the first of the five Tang people".
At a glance, almost all of them are talking about the merits of this poem. So today, many people do not know that since the poetry came out, there are actually many doubts.
For example, who is the author of this poem? What does "daytime" in the poem really mean? Why is the poem "The Yellow River flows into the sea" controversial? Let's talk about these topics.
Problems in "Climbing the Stork House"
Nowadays, the chinese people all know the author of "Climbing the Stork and Bird Building", named Wang Zhizhuo.
However, when this poem was just "popular" in the Tang Dynasty, a book called "Guoxiu Collection" pointed out that its author's name was Zhu Bin. However, later this statement was directly rejected by Sima Guang, Shen Kuo and others in the Song Dynasty.
The reason why this phenomenon occurs is because the famous poem "Climbing the Stork and Bird Building" is somewhat similar to the experience of "peach blossoms on the face of people" becoming popular. Because their authors were not originally famous, they were famous because of these two poems.
During the Tang Dynasty, the "Stork Tower" was a scenic tourist attraction. According to Shen Kuo, this building has a total of three folds, it is "forward-looking in the middle of the article, overlooking the river", there have been many literati rioters who have visited and inscribed poems at the head of the building.
One day, the author climbed this building and inscribed a poem "Climbing the Stork and Bird Building", which caused a sensation in the literati circle. According to Ye Shi, this poem began to circulate rapidly in the folk and finally reached the ears of Empress Wu Zetian.
So Wu Zetian asked the ministers, who was the author of this poem? The ministers could not find the author of the original poem, and there was a jiedushi named Wang Xiangyun, so they let their son Wang Qingzhuo take the name of this talented man.
As a result, this incident caused a sensation in the local area, and Zhu Bin, a talent who learned the truth, rushed to the capital to confront Wang Qingzhuo in court. But all this is only a story in a wild history novel, which is not enough to prove it. Later, the poem was "red" until the Song Dynasty.
The Literati of the Song Dynasty most liked to examine the Tang poetry, and after Sima Guang, Shen Kuo and others went to the Stork Tower for a "field investigation", they concluded that the inscription poems on the third floor of the building could faintly see a "king" by the signature.
It is conceivable that it is possible to say that the author is not Wang Zhizhuo, but it is absolutely impossible to say that the author's surname is Zhu. So later generations have studied that the author of this poem is called "Wang Meimei", "Wang Wenyan" or "Wang Wendian" and so on. But most people still think that the author is called "Wang Zhizhuo".
Why does the author of a five-sentence poem lead to a thousand-year-old debate? This only shows that this poem is indeed a good poem. It's so well written that people are desperate to know who its author really is.
Well, the controversy about the author, since there is no uniform conclusion so far, I will not say more here. Let me tell you another problem in this poem. What is the solution to the "day of the day" of "the end of the mountain"?
In most of the articles I have read before, "day" is interpreted as sunset. Interpret the first sentence of the poem as follows: The setting sun slowly sets down the hillside.
However, the Ming Dynasty poet Fang Hongjing pointed out in the "Thousand And One Records" that the two sentences "Day by Day and Mountain" in "Climbing the Stork and Bird Tower" seem to be only describing the magnificent scenery in front of the Stork Tower, "and the author has the feeling of the deceased, which is called a good sentence at the beginning, and the Chinese language is also covered."
What does this mean? This means that Wang Zhizhuo wrote the two poems "The day is at the end of the mountain, and the Yellow River flows into the sea", the real intention is to convey to the reader the inner feelings of "the deceased is like a sifu".
In other words, when Wang Zhizhuo saw the scene of "the sun is surrounded by mountains and the Yellow River enters the sea", he had the feeling that life is short and time is fleeting. Contemporary scholars have examined this and found that "daylight" in ancient poetic imagery has the meaning of "daylight is short, and it disappears suddenly".
For example, Song Yu's "Go to the Day of Zhao Zhao Xi, Attack the Long Night", Cao Zhi's "Wind Drifting White Day", Du Fu's "Looking Up at the Emperor's Sky White Sun Speed" and so on.
So the correct interpretation of these two verses is: I just saw the sunrise, and in the blink of an eye, the sun set on the hillside again. For individuals, a day is short-lived. However, for heaven and earth, time is like the water of the Yellow River running eastward day and night.
Only by interpreting these two sentences as "Son in Kawakami: The Deceased Is Like a Sifu" can we better connect with the last two sentences of the poem. Because "wanting to go to the next level" is actually exhorting readers to "strive for the upper hand" in life.
If the first two sentences of the poem are simply understood as scenic descriptions, then Wang Zhizhuo wants to tell everyone: You see, how magnificent the mountains and rivers of the motherland are! Therefore, in order to build a country, we should strive to forge ahead and "go to a higher level"!
However, if the first two sentences of the poem are interpreted as similar to Confucius's exclamation of "the deceased is like a sifu", then the poem praises the magnificence of the mountains and rivers on the one hand, and on the other hand, it hints to the reader the passing of time, which makes it more profound.
The last problem of this poem lies in the poem "The Yellow River flows into the sea". According to the map of the Stork Tower Scenic Area today, there is a large lake called "Auspicious Ruyi Lake" in front of this building. It should be difficult for the poet to see the Yellow River upstairs.
The closest estuary to the Yellow River is also 700 kilometers away. However, poets can use their imagination when writing poetry, and since "daytime" is not a real sun, then the poet can naturally imagine "the Yellow River entering the sea" in the poem.
epilogue
Ancient classic poetry, because of the age of creation, is more or less in the process of circulation, because of some complex reasons led to errors.
However, there is only one different version of this poem" of "Climbing the Stork and Bird Building", that is, the last sentence "one higher floor" is written as "a higher floor". Although the word "layer" has become a "heavy word", the overall meaning has not changed.
This poem was almost uncontroversially revered by scholars during the Tang and Song dynasties. In the Ming Dynasty, some people began to point out that the last two sentences of the poem "do not work against the battle." But soon after, the sound was drowned out.
The publishing industry in the Qing Dynasty developed, which led to the sales of "Thousand Poems" and "Three Hundred Poems of Tang Dynasty" in the folk. "Climbing the Stork and Bird Building" has since become a famous passage that Montessori children must carry through the ages.
Because of the simple inspirational component of "wanting to be poor and go to the next level", it has become more widely circulated. Since then, the people no longer care who the author is, and they do not know the "day" in the original poem, and they are not writing about the sunset.