【Ji Ti Lecture Hall】Shhh... These track and field rules don't tell anyone!

Su Bingtian

Track and field competitions are often intense and exciting, so do you understand the rules of track and field competitions? Let's learn it with Xiaobian!

Athletics competitions are competitions of speed, altitude and distance between individual participants under the same conditions, and only relay races are group events. According to the classification of projects, track and field competitions are roughly divided into rules and techniques such as track and field races, road races, and athletics.

1

Track rules

▲ In all track races (except for events with a distance of more than 10,000 meters), when there are more participants, the preliminary round, the second round (the first round) and the semi-round (second round) are usually organized first.

Then, 8 people (at least 6 people) are selected for the final, and the final sports results are used as the results of the evaluation ranking.

▲ The short distance event uses split track competitions, 800 meters, 4×200 meters and 4×400 meters relay races, using the first division and then not parting ways to compete, the rest of the middle and long distance events are used to use non-division races.

▲When sprinting, 4×100 meters, and 4×400 meters relay races, the starter must be used.

Use the three command signals of "each in place" and "ready" to fire the gun.

The non-particulate race starts without using the starter, only using the "each in place" password, and then waiting for each contestant to stabilize and firing the gun.

▲ After the commander's password is issued, the athlete should quickly take a starting position in place and not delay.

Before firing the gun, the athlete's hands or feet must not touch the starting line and the ground in front of the starting line, and they must maintain physical stability.

Today, the IAAF adopts the "zero rush" rule, that is, when the first order is given, who rushes to run will be directly disqualified from the race.

▲ During the track race, the split track should always run in its own track, and must not cross in front of others or hinder others from running in, otherwise you will be disqualified.

When competing in non-divided running events, it is not allowed to hinder or collide with others to run in, otherwise it will also be disqualified from the race.

▲ Track and field records The athletic performance of the participants begins with the firing of the gun or the flash of the starting device until any part of the athlete's torso (excluding hands, neck, legs, arms, head and feet) reaches the vertical surface of the inner edge of the finish line.

At present, large competitions such as the World Athletics Federation and the Olympic Games use a fully automatic electronic meter as a timing method, and the interpretation results are usually accurate to 1/100th of a second.

2

Athletics rules

▲When there are many players participating in the athletics competition, the standard competition should be held before the official competition, and only those who meet the standard first are eligible to participate in the official competition.

In the official competition of the long-range event, if there are more than 8 participants, each person will try to jump or throw three times, and 8 people will be selected from the following competitions.

Each person then tries to jump or throw three more times, and finally the best of each player's 6 times is used as the result of the event, and the ranking is based on the best result.

▲If there are only 8 or fewer participants, each player will have 6 chances to jump or throw.

Before the height event, the referee announces the starting height and the crossbar elevation plan.

At each height, each player has 3 chances to try out the jump in order.

Participants may take off at any height above the specified starting height, or they may implement any "skip-free" opportunity at any height at their own discretion.

▲ Three consecutive failures at any height, i.e. disqualification from continuing the competition.

The participant's final attempt to jump is used as the result of the competition, and the ranking is based on this.

In the athletics event, the participant must complete the test jump or test throw within the specified time, and the time shall not be delayed, and the violator will be judged to fail a test jump (test throw).

If there is another unexcused delay, the applicant will be disqualified from continuing to participate in the competition, but the results of the previous competition will remain valid.

Where the referee determines that the jump or throw is valid, his or her score shall be recorded.

▲ Where there is a similar result in the competition, the ranking shall be determined according to the following rules.

In the preliminaries, second rounds and semi-finals of the track race, if there is no impact on the number of players in the next competition or the final, the same results will advance to the next round of competition.

If there is an impact, athletes with the same ranking must decide by drawing lots to advance to the next round.

When the first place in the final is the same and the ranking cannot be determined, the finish photography referee should consider the actual time of 0.001 seconds of the athlete concerned to make the decision.

▲The results of the field race distance project are the same, and the ranking should be judged by the second best result.

If the second-best grades are still the same, the rank is determined by the third-best result, and so on.

When the results in the height event are the same, the runners who have tried the fewer jumps at the height they skipped last are ranked first.

If it is not possible to distinguish the rankings according to this method, the players who have failed the test jump fewer times in the competition are ranked first.

If it is still impossible to determine, the first runner will try to jump again at the height of the last failure at the previous height, and the successful player will be ranked first.

If the ranking cannot be determined, it can be tied for the ranking.

3

Track rules etiquette

Track culture and etiquette in athletics are indispensable.

For example, a set of standardized track etiquette can not only facilitate all competitors, but also give the public a better running experience.

The main track etiquette is:

The two runways closest to the inside should be reserved for intermittent runners or faster runners;

The easing lane is on the outermost two lanes, generally used for joggers;

The running direction is generally counterclockwise, if you need to run clockwise, you need to use an outer runway;

When it is necessary to surpass others, it should be exceeded from the outside, not from the inside;

When crossing the runway, it is necessary to cross quickly, not to stay, and avoid hindering others from running;

When people continue to surpass themselves on this track, they indicate that they belong to the slow runners, and at this time they must take the initiative to move to the outside road;

When it is necessary to constantly surpass others, it is indicated that you are a fast runner, and you must take the opportunity to move to the inner road.

The image comes from the Internet

Text: New Media Center

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Organizer: Hebei Provincial Sports Bureau

Producer: Guo Lijun

Editor's proofreading: He Wanxuan