There are eight planets in the solar system: four terrestrial planets, two Jupiter-like planets and two sea-like planets. In addition, there are dwarf planets (such as Pluto), many moons, a large number of asteroids, and rock and ice debris. Historically, people have documented and depicted our side of the universe as much as possible. The question is: How exactly do we name the stars of the solar system?
Back to the point.
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune, these planets orbit the Sun (Sol). The so-called sun is the sun . We may have used a lot of slips of the tongue to memorize planet names when we were in school, but we rarely asked what the meaning behind those names was.
To illustrate further, we're going to go back in time. As early as 6,000 years ago, the ancient Sumerians and Mesopotamians began to study the solar system, which was the first time in the history of civilization. Around the Earth, there are five planets closest to the Sun. They are visible to the naked eye and, therefore, were first named. We believe that the Sumerians named these planets after their gods.
Today's Mercury was originally called Enki, meaning the god of knowledge and creation. Venus used to be called Inanna, meaning the goddess of reproduction. Mars may have been named after Gugalanna or Nergal in the Underworld, meaning the god of death and war. Jupiter is the largest planet in the solar system, so it is conceivable that it was named Enlil, the king of the Sumerian gods. In addition, Enlil's son, the god of harvest, was used to name Saturn.
The ancients also knew about other celestial bodies in the solar system, such as the moon and the sun (the sun was also considered a planet at that time!). ）。 Although the interpretation of celestial bodies is constantly changing, at least we can get a rough idea of how human cognition of the universe originated.
By the Time of Babylon, on the basis of the wisdom of previous generations, people continued to study the stars and further developed planetary theory. Today, some of the earliest recorded record of planetary observations can be traced back to the Babylonian period, that is, around 2000 BC.
While most of the gods' names have changed, their roles tend to be very similar . Ninurta (son of Enlile) is still saturn's name, but the main god is Marduk (son of Duku), so Jupiter struck that name instead of Enrile. Mars (God of War) is also still associated with Nelgal, the god of destruction (Pluto). Inanna was replaced by a similar fertility goddess, Ishtar. Enchi (now Mercury) became Naboo, although Nabu remained the patron saint of knowledge. These five gods, along with the sun and the moon, are revered as vital gods.
They were so important that the Babylonians traditionally believed that the number seven had an extremely important meaning. That's why we now have seven days a week. But later, as the ancient Greeks and more significant changes emerged, the Greeks also gave the planets the names of their own gods. The planet closest to the Sun is now known as Hermes, the messenger of the gods. (Apparently because its rapid orbit around the star reminds people of Hermes' reputation for striding like a fly.)
The current Venus is named after Aphrodite, and this is the third time he has been calibrated as the goddess of love or fertility. Similarly, Mars is named after Ares, the god of war, and in this case, the largest planet in the solar system is named after Zeus, the other lord of the gods. At the same time, to break with tradition a little, saturn today is actually named after Kronos, the father of Zeus. Eventually, however, major changes came with the rise of the Roman Empire. When a large nation absorbed the knowledge of previous groups and surrounding lands, it established a culture (whether acquired through conquest or cultural absorption), and when this culture involved planets, it introduced some more recognizable terms.
Greek gods are basically very similar to Roman gods (and even more similar than in ancient civilizations), but the Romans gave their gods a large number of other different names. It is also from here that we see more familiar planetary names emerge: Hermes became Mercury, Aphrodite became Venus, Ares represented Mars, Zeus represented Jupiter, and Kronos became Saturn. And, at least for these five planets, that's how the original planet was preserved.
But why, after so many iterations before them, did the names of the Roman gods stand firm? Latin (the language in which the Roman planets are named) has also become the language of the Catholic Church for centuries. Protected by the Church, it is also one of the most influential languages of contemporary English, and today it has permeated every aspect of society.
In alternate history, however, the planet of Rome may have remained unpopular in medieval Europe. Apparently they were not popular, due to the belief that Mercury to Saturn might also have been preserved in the Middle East [this passage should have been translated inaccurately because it was not understood with the help of the above], when astronomers in the Islamic world continued to study and record stars, while Europe fell into the Dark Ages and some areas of science were condemned. But eventually in the early twentieth century, scientists popularized what we know by standardizing on Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn.
So by this time five of the eight planets had been discovered and named, so what about the rest? The planet that was discovered next was Saturn's next planet, first officially catalogued in 1781 by Sir William Herschel[1]. Herschel initially mistook the planet for a star (like many who observed Saturn earlier than him), and it was originally named George m Sidus or George's Star because the reigning King of England at the time was George III.
But George m. Sidoos was not a popular name outside of England, so some other names were gradually proposed until the name Uranus appeared. Today, there's a joke in many classrooms that Uranus's naming does follow tradition—it's used to symbolize the Greek god of the sky,[2], the father of Kronos 3.
Finally, the eighth planet of the solar system was actually predicted before it was discovered. Due to the influence on Uranus' orbit, the planet was mathematically presumed to exist before it was finally officially discovered in 1846.
Although it was originally called the Star of Le Vier (named after its discoverer, Le Vier), scientists and astronomers soon offered it additional mythological options, including Okeanos [4] and Janus [5]. However, the scientific community eventually settled on the name Neptune, named after the Roman god poseidon. Considering the planet's unique blue color, this is a good choice.
Let's talk about Pluto, even though it is no longer considered a planet according to the guidelines of the International Astronomical Union. The dwarf planet orbiting Neptune was also mathematically predicted before it was first discovered and observed in 1930. There have also been debates about how to name the planet, but this time, the decision fell to a member of the public, as an 11-year-old British girl interested in mythology suggested naming it Pluto after Pluto.
And, to demonstrate how influential planet naming itself is, Pluto's naming at the same time also inspired the naming of other things, such as the chemical element plutonium and Mickey Mouse's pet dog. But have we forgotten something more important? For example, our own planet!
Although most of the other planets in the solar system have lofty and legendary names, our English name for "Earth" is a relatively simple English word that stands for land or soil. Of course, Earth is sometimes anthropomorphized to the Greek goddess Gaia and the Roman goddess Terra (from which we get the phrase "terra firma"), but for English speakers, without regard to accuracy, the etymology of our world's name is a bit boring compared to other planets, because most of the earth is covered by water!
However, this alternative naming method may stem from a long-standing cultural error. For most of history, most people thought the sky revolved around us, so we didn't even feel like we should have named the planet we inhabited. We're just more interested in other distant planets! In general, early civilizations actually assimilated the visible planets to their highest gods, or simply named them that way. Moreover, these beliefs have been passed down from generation to generation and influenced by different cultures, and these names have been improved many times and finalized.
The naming of icy giant bodies and other bodies in the solar system is also heavily influenced by classical belief—most moons and even some asteroids are named after ancient and sacred names. Eventually, even now, when we look up at the stars, we can usually be guided by those immortal gods, which is where the planet's name comes from.
Pluto ( asteroid name : 134340 Pluto ) is a dwarf planet in the Kuiper Belt , which is made up of a circle of objects outside neptune 's orbit. Pluto was the first object to be discovered in the Kuiper Belt and the largest object ever discovered in the Kuiper Belt. After the discovery of Pluto in 1930, it was declared the ninth largest planet in the solar system. Beginning in the 1990s, several objects similar in size to Pluto have been discovered from the Kuiper Belt and its scattered disks, including the dwarf planet Eris, whose status as a planet has been questioned. This led to the international astronomical union formally defining the term planet in 2006 — removing Pluto from the planet and classifying it as a dwarf planet.
Pluto is the ninth largest and tenth most massive object known to orbit the Sun directly. It is the largest known overseas object , but slightly less massive than Pyrrhos. Like other objects in the Kuiper Belt, Pluto is composed mainly of ice and rock, and it is relatively small—one-sixth the size of the Moon and one-third the mass of the Moon.
Pluto has a moderately eccentric and oblique orbit, which is 30 astronomical units from the Sun at its closest point and 49 AU units (4.4-7.4 billion kilometers) from the Sun at its farthest. This means that Pluto will periodically be closer to the Sun than Neptune, but the stable orbital resonance with Neptune prevents them from colliding. It takes 5.5 hours for sunlight to reach the average distance of Pluto (39.5 astronomical units).
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Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel (15 November 1738 – 25 August 1822) was an English astronomer, classical composer, and musician. The founder of stellar astronomy, known as the father of stellar astronomy. First President of the Royal Astronomical Society. Member of the French Academy of Sciences. Uranus and its two moons, saturn's two moons, the space motion of the Sun, infrared radiation in sunlight were discovered with large reflecting telescopes of its own design;
The god of the sky, Uranus, was the first god king in ancient Greek mythology. Born from the finger of Gaia, the god of the earth, he was originally the ruler of the universe as the first king of the gods, the deification of the sky.
Kronos (Ancient Greek: Κρ νο; English: Kronos) was the second generation of god kings in ancient Greek mythology, originally the sons of the first generation of gods, Queen Uranos and Gaia, and the youngest of the twelve titan gods.
Oceanus or Oceanus. One of the twelve Titans, the god of the oceans, is the belt of the river that revolves around the universe, so his end is also the beginning: the river of the universe itself forms a circle and rotates.
Janus (the god of heaven in Roman mythology, with a face in front of and behind the head, is also called a two-faced god, guarding the portal and the beginning and end of all things
By: Awakawa, Ann is going to grieve your waist, Raphael, I said