Students participate in the design in the Tianda classroom
Turning the ruins of nearly 900 years ago into a park
Student work is integrated into practice
Theoretical ideas fall into reality
In the spring semester of 2021, the teaching group of the School of Architecture "Heritage Protection and Traditional Architectural Interpretation" took "Protection and Display Design of Jinzhong Capital City Ruins" as the fourth-grade curriculum design and graduation design topic, and under the guidance of teachers, twelve groups of students proposed strategies for the protection and display of Jinzhong Capital City ruins from different angles; based on previous scientific research and teaching seminars, the design team proposed by the design team with the teaching team class teachers as the core in September 2021 in the international "Jinzhong Capital City Ruins Park Concept Proposal Solicitation" activity. After two rounds of fierce competition between pre-qualification and program competition, it stood out in the bidding of many design institutions at home and abroad, and was selected as the winning design scheme, realizing the integration of scientific research, teaching and practice.
01 Three "Mounds"
It is a physical witness to the history of Beijing's capital construction in the past 870 years
In Beijing's Fengtai District Lize Financial Business District, there are three rammed mounds surrounded by tiger skin stones, which are rarely noticed even by surrounding residents. These three mounds are the remains of the jinzhong capital city wall, the starting point of The capital of Beijing, and the physical witness of the history of the capital construction in Beijing in the past 870 years.
870 years ago, king Hailing decided to move the capital to Yanjing, and expanded in three directions on the basis of Nanjing City in Liaoning Province, east, west and south, which took two years to build, opening the history of Beijing's capital for more than 800 years. With the change of dynasties and the development and evolution of urban construction, only three sections of rammed earth remains above the ground of the capital city of Jinzhong.
From 2019 to 2020, the Beijing Municipal Institute of Cultural Relics carried out two years of archaeological excavations on the sites of and around the Gaolou Village section and the Wanquan Temple section, and found moats, horse faces, wall cores of the city wall, inner roads and tombs of the Tang and Liao dynasties stacked under the city walls, fully revealing the urban pool system of the outer city of Jinzhongdu.
Fengtai District is currently planning to rely on these three rammed earth walls and their archaeological findings to build the Jinzhong Capital City Ruins Park, the Jinzhong Capital City Ruins will be together with the Lotus Pond, the water source of Jinzhongdu, the Jinzhongdu Shuiguan Site, to form the Jin Dynasty cultural business card on the Yongdinghe Cultural Belt in Fengtai District, telling the history of Beijing's three thousand years of founding and the history of more than 800 years of capital construction.
02 Solid academic foundation Students multi-design
Since 1952, the School of Architecture of Tianjin University has taken the Ming and Qing royal buildings in North China as the object of architectural history research and study, and systematically carried out relevant literature and archives, ancient building surveying and mapping surveys and research work. It has successively completed the mapping and research of Ming and Qing dynasty royal buildings such as Qianlong Garden, Jianfu Palace Garden, Ming Tombs, Beihai, Temple of Heaven, Summer Palace, Jingshan, Dagao Xuandian and other Ming and Qing dynasties in Beijing, and undertaken projects such as protection planning, repair and display design of related cultural relics in Beihai, Summer Palace, Taimiao Temple, Yuanmingyuan and Jingshan. For decades, it has contributed to the research, cognition, protection and display of ancient buildings in Beijing. It is based on the achievements of Tianjin University in the field of ancient architecture in Beijing, on September 15, 2020, the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Cultural Heritage and Tianjin University signed a strategic cooperation framework agreement to establish the Beijing Institute of Ancient Architecture based on the Institute of Architectural History and Theory of the School of Architecture of Tianjin University.
In the process of archaeology of the remains of Jinzhong Capital City, Tianjin University was entrusted to undertake the scientific research work of collating relevant documents and archives of Jinzhong Capital City, research on the history of jinzhong capital city, restoration of the city wall and city gate, and extraction and analysis of technical data of archaeological achievements, aiming to lay a solid foundation for the subsequent protection and display of cultural relics.
Architecture, planning and landscape design are the traditional advantageous disciplines of Tianjin University, and it is an important scientific research direction of the School of Architecture of Tianjin University in recent years to reconstruct the contemporary construction system based on the integration mechanism of "architecture-people-environment" in the Chinese context, establish a design and theoretical teaching system in the traditional context, and explore design methods based on traditional architectural deduction.
Spring Semester 2021
Twelve groups of students were there
Under the guidance of the teachers of the teaching group of "Heritage Preservation and Interpretation of Traditional Architecture"
The future of the capital is depicted from different angles
1. City wall pacemaker - eight hundred years after the disappearance of the Jinzhong capital city wall
Ren Yinghui Li Xiaoran
Through the analysis of the different forms of existence and the way the Jin people behave in the process of the transformation of the Jinzhongdu City Wall from construction to abandonment, the four basic types of encirclement, parallelism, infiltration and fragmentation are extracted, and ten connectors are translated, and the boundary of the connector and the underground remains of the city wall overlap to suggest the underground remains, and finally they are connected by the linear visual cues formed by the tower at the corner of the site, and this linear system reconstructs the memory of the city wall in modern life.
2. Secret Realm Zhongdu - A puzzle and reconstruction game about Zhongdu's memory
Yang Kaifan Yang Zhengnan
How to intervene in a gentle gesture to restore the memory of the city wall instead of the antique restoration of the big fight is the first problem that the group members need to solve. In the end, it was decided to build the park into a "secret realm" of Zhongdu: within the secret realm, it is Zhongdu, hoping that visitors will feel the design of this puzzle and reconstruction game about the memory of Zhongdu. For the design of site protection and display, the idea of dismantling and reconstructing is still continued, and the flat roof is divided into a grid, so that the building shape can be initially raised and sunk in line with the shape of the site, and finally form an undulating and folded roof.
3. Pitch between the past and the present
Zhai Yueyang Liu Yangyu
The group hopes that the linear wall can be expressed or implied in the site, and the wall that completely restores the entity will bring obstacles and fragmentation on both sides, so we choose to open the wall locally to ensure linearity and strengthen communication between the two sides. Using the height difference of 1.5m between the Jin dynasty horizon and the modern horizon, two kinds of spaces are formed, uphill and downhill, resulting in two functional streamlines, serving tourists and two types of people living and working in the CBD.
4. Set and solve puzzles
Gong Qiao Zhao Zhicheng
The early study of the construction process of the city wall and the development history of the constituent elements of the city wall provided a spatial prototype and vocabulary for the planning of the site park and the design of the site museum in the later period. Combining the attributes of the museum and the design requirements of the "display" to provide a "dictionary" for the spatial narrative, bridging the huge information gap between the designer and the viewer, so that the entire spatial narrative can be interpreted.
5. The Old City Chronicles Guanfu New Garden
Liang Jiahe Liu Haoyue
The "Guanfu New Park" of JinzhongDu City Ruins Park strives to make people feel the historical existence of jinzhongdu city wall on the same level as the repeated reading of the daily life of the city during the special tour. The protection design of the Ruins of Fenghuangzui Wanquan Temple is "The Chronicle of the Old City", allowing visitors to feel the historical changes of the jinzhongdu city wall in the process of viewing different sites.
6. At the foot of the city wall
Li Hengyu Liu Houhu
This design selects Shuncheng Street and Lifang at the foot of the city wall as the research object, with the intention of making people aware of the boundary of the city wall and feeling the atmosphere of the activities of the neighborhood at the foot of the city wall. Through the low walls of different heights, the landscape ladder forms three different activity functions and street spaces, guiding people's paths and activities at the same time, making people inadvertently feel the changes in history.
7. Reincarnation
Li Yunyi Li Jie
This design is based on two concepts of heritage preservation and protection, with Buddhist ideas, the theme is the regeneration of ancient buildings, and the experimental construction of brick, rammed earth and wooden structures is carried out in the material laboratory. Explore what new possibilities ancient architecture will have in the new era.
8. Ki, Fang, Jian
Liang Jiwei Duan Wenxing
The design of the park takes the historical development of the Jin Dynasty as the context, and sets up four themed exhibition scopes with different personalities in different areas, trying to reflect the rise and fall of the Jin Dynasty through the unique design language of each area, and at the same time closely integrated with the city wall sites, it intends to establish a mechanism for close connection between urban development and historical context, and enrich the spiritual life of residents. The individual buildings are connected to the park, and several barrel arches are arranged side by side, forming a roof for the remains of the above and below ground to protect them from the wind and rain.
9. Beijing with multi-dimensional integration
Zhang Songrui Wang Guozheng Chu Tian Zhu
By investigating the history of the Jin Dynasty, looking for evidence of the multi-dimensional integration of the Jin Dynasty, and using the concept of "multi-dimensional integration' and "multi-dimensional integration" as the design scheme, the park is regarded as an open historical exhibition of the city museum. In the design of heritage protection buildings, the emphasis is on two aspects: protection and display, on the one hand, the indoor exhibition flow and the site are separated, and the multi-angle display is carried out according to the height and size of the site; on the other hand, the two sites are connected by a mezzanine covered bridge, which is closely integrated with the park design scheme.
10. YuanYuan
Zhang Yuhuai Zheng Mingyuan
The overall design of Jinzhongdu Park adopts the way of restoring the image of jinzhongdu city wall on the site, guiding the transfer of commercial functions to the outside of the office building and guiding people to enter the site to understand the history and get rid of depression. At the same time, protected buildings and squares for people to rest and visit were built at the remains of the Phoenix Mouth City Wall, making it the finale of the entire park's designed route. The shape of the square and the rest platform is similar to the image of the stage, which not only echoes the Central Academy of Opera, but also implies that the tourists who visit the ruins in the square are also witnesses to the long river of history, sublimating the theme.
11. The "crossroads" of the park
Huang Can Cui Shulei
The design of Jinzhongdu City Wall Ruins Park extracts the temporal concept contained in the "layer" from the soil layer of the site, and puts forward the concept of time and space wall, so that people can feel the sense of historical time in the change of elevation and the shuttle and look back. The Jinzhongdu City Wall Site Museum is located at the "crossroads" of the park, and the group chose to form a relatively free space under the large roof with integrity of the protection site to achieve the continuity of the park. The design of the pillar has a scoring effect, which has both the quaint feeling of the ruins and the natural sense of walking through the woods.
12. Protection and display design of the relics of Jinzhong Capital City
Zheng Chengyu Wang Suwei Jin Ziqi
The design of the park embodies the most influential ritual ideology and nature worship in the construction of the capital city, reconstructs the base of the longitude and latitude roads in the capital city, takes the city wall as the boundary, and strengthens the concept of the capital city wall in terms of visual perception and spatial experience through the contrast between the regular "inside the city" part and the free "outside the city" part in the landscape, and reflects the ideological origin of the historical capital city construction. The four major design elements of the city wall system, nomadic culture, Jurchen script and Jin Dynasty opera are extracted and embodied in the design of the design plane, artistic flooring, planting methods, landscape structures and so on.
03 Beautiful and practical
The design scheme of the heritage park
Based on the previous research and discussion, the teaching team teachers, together with the General Institute of Architectural Design and Planning Research of Tianjin University and NEXT Architectural Firm, continued to depict the future of Zhongdu and proposed more feasible concepts.
Based on systematic historical research and current situation investigation, with the goal of "highlighting the overall value of Beijing's history and culture, strengthening the style of the capital, the charm of the ancient capital, and the style of the times", the project positioned the Jinzhongdu Ruins Park as a cultural park that "inherits the past and the future, inherits the past and opens up the future, records the long history and great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation", puts forward the design concept of the times, and divides the strip site into three parts: the site protection area, the sinking square area and the natural green area, which are in the form of folded lines, blank spaces and curves, corresponding to the city. The three themes of history and nature provide valuable public space and green environment for the high-rise Lize business district.
Stand on the ground of the Jin Dynasty and look up at the city walls
The site protection belt is slightly raised, hinting at the extent of the city wall and protecting the underground remains; the protective shed derived from the image of the city wall is also a new urban function generator, providing public activity venues and cultural display windows for Lize, Fengtai and even Beijing.
Near the side of the urban building, the height difference of the Jin Dynasty horizon is 1.5m higher than that of the modern flat floor, forming two kinds of space on the slope and downhill, sinking along the boundary of the site, creating a continuous and spectacular city wall display surface, weakening the urban noise and the sensory intrusion of the surrounding buildings, so that people can touch the history and feel the changes of the times.
On the other side of the road near the city, a dense green belt combined with the undulating terrain is adopted to provide a comfortable slow travel space for citizens. The three cultural buildings are closely integrated with the sinking space of the heritage park, turning the Jinzhong Capital City Ruins Park into an immersive archaeological landscape belt, a participatory new landmark of the capital, and an open city museum, realizing "millennium dialogue and integration of ancient and modern".
Shelter from the rain and do not cover the wind
The protective shed adopts the scale and imagery of the Jin Dynasty city wall to reflect the traditional wooden structure aesthetics of the prefabricated steel structure. The scaly walls and planted roofs symbolize the texture of rammed earth and the form of the ceremonial house, and have the functions of rainproof, ventilation and dehumidification, realizing the dialogue between the protection of soil sites and history and the city.
Use of advanced lighting technology
The protective shed and rammed earth remains are illuminated with emphasis, and advanced lighting technology is used to restore the historical charm of Jinzhongdu and create a unique night scene effect.
Integrate scientific research and teaching into practice, and put theoretical ideas into reality. The victory of this international bidding is also another successful case of the School of Architecture and the General Institute of Design to promote the transformation of scientific research achievements, build an industry-university-research platform, and strengthen school-enterprise cooperation.
We look forward to the early completion of the Heritage Park
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