Introduction: A picture of the universe from an X-ray perspective.
If you ever wanted Superman's X-perspective, you're now one step closer to discovering it as a coveted superpower.
A team of researchers drew a map of the universe with X-rays, giving us an unprecedented view of the infinite universe surrounding our world.
The map was drawn using data from an instrument called Eros (an extended Roentgen measurement using an imaging telescope array) on the German-Russian Spectral Roentgen Gamma satellite mission.
The space observatory has recorded data for the past six months, which synthesized X-ray maps in mid-June.
The universe passes through X-rays of the eye. MPE/IKI
The resulting image looks like a dark, celestial jaw cracker or a pile of elongated galactic slime. But it's actually made up of explosive supernovae, black holes, and burning hot gas.
This image reveals the structure of the hot gas inside the Milky Way, as well as the region surrounding the Milky Way's disk, the medium around the Milky Way.
X-ray maps also show stars with a highly magnetically active hot corona, binary star systems with neutron stars, black holes or white dwarfs, and supernova remnants in our own and nearby galaxies, such as the Magellan's Cloud, two irregular dwarf galaxies in the southern hemisphere.
Since it went into operation in December 2019, eRosita has recorded more than 1 million X-ray-emitting objects, twice as many known X-ray sources as found in X-ray astronomy over the past 60 years.
It's just a hyper-experience of the future. "
Kippel Nandra, head of the High Energy Astrophysics Group at the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, said in a statement: "With one million radiation sources in just six months, eROSITA is enough to change the scientific landscape of astronomy and X-rays. "It's certainly a super-experience for the future."
When matter accelerates, is crushed, or heated, most celestial bodies use X-rays as a medium to radiate substance. The newly discovered objects are mainly active galactic nuclei, because the black hole at the center of these galaxies is constantly devouring the surrounding material and growing (such objects can escape from the black hole through activity). ）。
The observatory's sky observations also include flares from dense objects, merging neutron stars and stars swallowed up by black holes.
Space telescopes search the sky 1.5 million kilometers from Earth, firing data to the ground every day. So far, the ground team has received and processed about 165 GB of data collected by eROSITA's seven cameras.
"The combination of sky area and depth is revolutionary progress," Nandra said. "We set out to sample the cosmological volume of the fiery universe, which is much larger than before."
Space telescopes observe images of deep space in an X-ray field of view. Roentgen-Gamma spectrum
The telescope will continue to observe the sky in X-rays for the next three and a half years and map the stars that gather millions of galaxies to understand how they behave under gravity. Galaxies typically exist in hundreds or thousands of galaxy clusters.
Seven maps similar to the team's first collaborative effort were planned.
The mission also hopes to uncover the secrets behind dark energy (dark matter) and its role in the expansion of the universe. Although dark energy accounts for about 68% of the universe's energy, it is quite dark and therefore has never been directly observed. Astronomers believe that it is the forces of dark matter that act as antigravity and accelerate the expansion of the universe, and they have not yet been able to come up with a reason.
"Over the next few years, we'll probe farther in deep space, hoping to find the first place where the massive cosmic structure and supermassive black holes formed," Nandra said.
Related knowledge
A black hole is a region where space-time exhibits an extremely strong gravitational pull that all particles, not even electromagnetic radiation such as light, cannot escape. General relativity predicts that a sufficiently tight mass can distort space-time to form a black hole; a boundary from which it is impossible to escape from that region is called an event horizon. Although the event horizon has a huge impact on the fate and condition of objects passing through it, observations of the area do not seem to detect any features. In many ways, a black hole is like an ideal blackbody that doesn't reflect light.
Cosmic rays, also known as cosmic rays, are charged, high-energy subatomic particles from outer space. They may produce secondary particles to penetrate Earth's atmosphere and surface. The term radiation derives from a history that was once thought to be electromagnetic radiation. The main primary cosmic ray components on Earth are generally stable particles, such as protons, atomic nuclei, or electrons. However, there are very small proportions of stable antimatter particles, such as positrons or antiprotons, and the remaining small part is an active area of research.
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