This stunning photo was taken while searching for a supermassive black hole.
The spiral galaxy UGC 11537 is located 230 million light-years away in the constellation Aquila. (Image credit: ESA/Hubble & NASA, A.) Seth)
A new image of a spiral galaxy from the Hubble Space Telescope shows sparkling stars, including two Galactic stars in the foreground that have crept into the image.
The telescope captured the UGC 11537 galaxy in the constellation Aquila, 230 million light-years away from Earth, 10 times the distance of the spectacular Andromeda Galaxy (M31) from Earth, which is barely visible to the naked eye in Earth's sky.
The European Space Agency said in late November 2021 that UGC 11537's proximity to the Milky Way plane, where most of the stars in the Milky Way is located, caused two bright stars closer to Earth to sneak into the image.
"The spikes around the star are illusions, and these are called diffraction spikes, caused by the interaction of the starlight with the structures that underpin the Hubble mirror," the European Space Agency added in its formulation.
The image of the spiral galaxy was taken during a massive search for a supermassive black hole embedded in the center of the star's structure, and the study used Hubble as well as ground-based telescopes to measure the mass and motion of stars in galaxies like UGC 11537. The European Space Agency says the indicators will help estimate the mass of supermassive black holes.
Hubble's image comes from data from its wide-field camera 3. On October 26, 2021, a synchronization error put Hubble cameras and other instruments on hold and put the 31-year-old observatory into safe mode. Engineers adjusted the observatory's work plan and carefully reactivated each instrument, completing the process on Monday (December 6, 2021).
After years of technology and funding delays, Hubble's successor, known as the James Webb Space Telescope. According to NASA, since Hubble is expected to remain well-functioning in 2020, the two observatories will collaborate on some surveys at least in the coming years.
The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is an international cooperation project on space telescopes between NASA, the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Canadian Space Agency (CSA). The telescope is named after James E. Webb, who served as NASA director from 1961 to 1968 and played an integral role in the Apollo program. The James Webb Space Telescope, designed to succeed the Hubble Space Telescope as NASA's main mission in the field of astrophysics, was launched on December 25, 2021, on the Ariane flight VA256.
It is designed to provide higher infrared resolution and sensitivity than Hubble, can see objects of 100 times the darkness, and will be extensively studied in the fields of astronomy and cosmology, including observing some of the oldest and most distant events and objects in the universe with redshifts as high as z≈20, such as the formation of the first stars and the first galaxies, and allowing for detailed observations of the atmospheric characteristics of potentially habitable exoplanets.
The main mirror of the James Webb Space Telescope is an optical telescope element, consisting of 18 hexagonal lenses made of gold-plated beryllium, which combine to form a mirror with a diameter of 6.5 meters (21 feet), which makes the Webb telescope's light collection area about 5.6 times that of Hubble's 2.4 meters (7.9 feet) mirror (Hubble's 4.525 square meters of light collection area is 25.37 square meters).
Unlike Hubble, which observes in the near-ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared (0.1-1.0 μm) spectrum, james Webb will observe in a lower frequency range, from long-wave visible light (red) to mid-infrared (0.6-28.3 μm), which will allow it to observe high-redshift objects that are too old, dull, and distant for Hubble.
The James Webb telescope would have to be kept below 50 K (-223 °C; -370 °F) to observe the faint signal in the infrared without interference from any other heat source, so it would be deployed in space near the second Lagrange point of earth and sun, which is about 1.5 million kilometers (930,000 miles) from Earth, while the telescope's five-layer kite-shaped sun visor protects it from simultaneous heating of the sun, earth, and moon.
Related knowledge
The Hubble Space Telescope is a space telescope operating in Earth orbit under the name of astronomer Edwin Hubble. Hubble receives instructions from ground-based control centers and transmits various observational data back to Earth by radio. Because it sits above Earth's atmosphere, it gains benefits that ground-based telescopes don't have: the image is not disturbed by atmospheric turbulence, the visual contrast is excellent, there is no background light caused by atmospheric scattering, and ultraviolet light absorbed by the ozone layer can be observed.
BY: Elizabeth Howell
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