preface
Yesterday's sentence pattern is 1-4 followed by Oh Gu, today's talk is 1-3-1 structure complex sentence. There are also several variations in this structure, for example, the first word may be the subject or the preceding object.
A complex sentence is a sentence form that has two or more predicates.
1. Object preposition 1-3-1 structure
1、N-vbx-V
N, noun. v, verb. bx is a proper noun within a noun. It can be seen that this sentence has two predicates. Uppercase indicates primary and lowercase indicates secondary.
Medicine + Qian Han Kang + sell, door + Rong Shangzi + over. The first word, formally the subject, is actually the preceding object from the content point of view. Qian Han Kang + selling medicine, Rong Shangzi + through the door.
Wang Wei (Tang) "The Wall of the Inscription House where the People of Mount Li Live":
The world is like a dream, and the madness stops singing.
Ask the old pine trees, there are many bamboo forests.
Medicine + Qian Han Kang + sell, door + Rong Shangzi + over.
Turning over the pillow seat, there is no white cloud.
2、N-vqn-V
This sentence is exactly the same as the previous one. The difference is that the nouns of the 3rd and 4th characters have the number word, and q, which means the number.
Door + look at the five willows + knowledge, year + count six bodies + know.
Wang Wei's "Murong Cheng's Encounter with Su Feng":
Gauze hat Phi Chi, idle lazy poetry.
Lingshou King,Carved Hu disciple cook.
Empty labor wine and food, holding the bottom to understand people.
Second, the 1-3-1 structure of normal word order
1、N+vnn+V
After looking at the object preposition above, it is easy to understand the 1-3-1 structure of this normal word order:
N + vnn + V, tree + take the city Wu + go, river + even twilight rain + sorrow.
Wang Wei (Tang) "Sending Congratulations to the Nephew of sui":
The southern kingdom has a return boat, and the Jingmen is upstream.
Outside the vast leaves, Yunshui and Zhaoqiu.
Tree + take the city Wu + go, river + even twilight rain + sorrow.
The ape's voice cannot be heard, and it is not waiting for Chu Shan Qiu.
2、N+vnn+F
This sentence form is not much different from the previous one, except that the last word is an adjective as a predicate. The most famous verses of this sentence are du Fu's two sentences:
Dew + from tonight + white, moon + is the hometown + Ming.
White, an adjective indicating color, can also be denoted by c. Dew + from tonight + white, N + vnn + C. Moon + is hometown + Ming, N + vnn + F.
Du Fu (Tang) "Moon and Night Remembering Brother":
The drum breaks the pedestrian, and the side autumn a goose sounds.
There are brothers scattered, homeless to ask life and death.
The letter was not sent for a long time, but the soldiers were not suspended.
3. The 1-3-1 structure of two consecutive verbs
N+vvn+V
Tears + persuasion cup + down, sorrow + even flute + life. In this sentence form, there are three predicates, the first two of which appear in the 2nd and 3rd characters.
From Du Fu's "PanJiang Send-off":
In February, frequent send-offs, dongjin river wants to be flat.
Fireworks are heavy in the mountains, and light in front of the waves.
Tears + persuasion cup + down, sorrow + even flute + life.
Not every day after the feast, it has to be easy to love.
The first 3 kinds can be said to be a class, and the common feature is that the first word is a noun.
There is also a category that follows, and the first word is an adverb.
The first word is the 1-3-1 structure of the adverb
The first 3 can be said to be one category. This one, and the former
1、d+vnn+V
Every + Waiting mountain cherry + hair, time + with haiyan + return. Every time, the adverb modifies the predicate. d, denoting an adverb.
Wang Wei's "Send Money To the Shaofu and Return the Blue Field":
The grass color is good, and the Taoyuan people are thin.
Holding a flat zifu, watching the old Laiyi.
Every + Waiting mountain cherry + hair, time + with haiyan + return.
This year's cold food and wine should be a return to firewood.
2、d+vfn+V
There is only one difference between this sentence and the previous one, and the third word is an adjective.
Lucky + because of rotten grass + out, dare + near the sun + fly.
From Du Fu's "Fireworks" in the Tang Dynasty:
If you are not in the book, you can order a guest clothes.
With the wind, the curtain is small, with rain and forest.
In October, the frost is heavy, and the drift is zero.
Conclusion
The four 1-3-1 sentence forms mentioned today can basically be divided into two categories. The first word is a noun of a class, and the first word is an adverb of a class.
However, these 1-3-1 sentence forms seem to be able to be seen as 2-3 sentences, for example: lucky because of the rotting grass, dare to approach - the sun flies. Fortunately, dare to use as an adverb to modify the predicate cause, proximity, rotting grass out, sun flying (subject-verb structure) as objects.
@Old Street Taste
In the complex sentences of the five-word near-body poem, there are several 1-4 structure sentence patterns