Morning of March 18
The Chinese Academy of Social Sciences unveiled it in Beijing
"New Archaeological Discoveries in China in 2021"
Paleolithic site of Pirao, Daocheng County, Sichuan
Neolithic site of Huangshan Mountain in Nanyang City, Henan Province
Sanxingdui Shang Dynasty ruins in Guanghan City, Sichuan Province
Jiangxi Zhangshu City Guozishan Warring States Tomb
Hubei Yunmeng County Zhengjiahu Warring States Qin Han Cemetery
Wuwei City, Gansu Province, Tang Dynasty Tuguhun royal family tomb group
Six archaeological projects were successfully selected
Site strata and relics. Courtesy of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
Located in Daocheng County, Ganzi Prefecture, Sichuan Province, Daocheng County, Daocheng County, Daocheng County
The number of relics is large, with more than 10,000 systematically collected and excavated in 2021. The excavation revealed seven consecutive cultural layers at the eastern foot of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and found rare Paleolithic cultural triasses, of which the third layer is no later than 130,000 years ago. In addition, the remains of the Asheli technology, the highest altitude in the world, have been found, and the stone products such as hand axes and thin-bladed axes unearthed are the most typical, most exquisitely made, most mature technology and most complete combinations of Ashel in East Asia.
Aerial panorama of the summit terrace exploration area (north on the top). Courtesy of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
Part of the artifact combination in the F1-3 storage area of fangju in late Yangshao. Courtesy of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
Huangshan Neolithic Ruins, located on the west bank of the Baihe River in the north of Huangshan Village, Pushan Town, Wolong District, northeast of Nanyang City, is a central settlement site with distinctive characteristics of jade making in Yangshao culture, Qujialing culture and Shijiahe culture. In the Nanyang Basin, the site area is the largest, the ruins are the highest specifications, and the connotation is rich, reflecting the characteristics of the cultural exchange and integration of the north and the south in the late Neolithic period, and providing important materials for discussing the process of social complexity and civilization in southwest Henan.
Yangshao Cultural Fang Residential Building Complex is one of the best preserved prehistoric architectural complexes in China, with high walls, complete internal facilities, and a large number of relics preserved in situ, vividly reproducing the original scene of the ancients making jade tools and life. In particular, the F1 in the "front and back dwelling" large-scale continuous long rooms has an area of more than 150 square meters, which is extremely rare.
Pit Five unearthed a gold mask. Courtesy of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
Pit No. 4 unearthed a bronze figure kneeling on his knees. Courtesy of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
The archaeological excavation of the Sacrifice Area of the Shang Dynasty Site of Sanxingdui is one of the implementation contents of the major project "Archaeology of China" of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage, "Research on the Civilization Process in Sichuan-Chongqing Region". Since the start of excavation in March 2020, the distribution range and internal pattern of the sacrifice area have been preliminarily clarified, and 6 new "sacrifice pits" have been discovered, and the field excavation work of K3, K4, K5 and K6 has been completed, and the excavation work of K7 and K8 has also passed the halfway point.
Up to now, the stratigraphic relationship, accumulation formation process, shape structure, and burial status of relics in the six "sacrifice pits" have been basically clear, and more than 200 pieces of gold, bronze, jade, pottery, etc. have been excavated, and more than 500 ivory have been extracted. Among them, important cultural relics include gold masks, bird-shaped foil ornaments, bronze-crowned kneeling portraits, kneeling portraits with twisted heads, standing portraits, human heads, masks, "altars", jade zhang, ge, chisels, sacred tree patterns, vessel seats, stone ge, pottery dwarf collar urns, pointed bottom cups, silk fabric residues, ivory, ivory carvings, etc., some relics from the shape, ornamentation, etc., are unprecedented.
Distribution map of guozishan tombs. Courtesy of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
Unearthed copper stomps sit on the man's head. Courtesy of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
The Guozishan Warring States Tomb was discovered in 2013 and is a subsidiary remain of the Tsuku acropolis, a central site of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty in the Qingjiang Basin. Inferred from the inscriptions and relics excavated in the tomb, the tomb era is the middle of the Warring States period.
The Guozishan Tomb is the largest archaeological excavation in Jiangxi to date in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. The tomb is surrounded by a ditch, the scale is grand, the multi-chamber structure of the double tomb passage is used, the burial utensils are of high specifications, and the burial varieties are complete, indicating that the tomb owner has a high status status. According to the overall characteristics of the tomb and the excavated inscription data, it is speculated that the owner of the tomb may be closely related to the Yue royal family.
Area C M257 unearthed tiger head pillow. Courtesy of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
Area C M276 excavated bronze ware. Courtesy of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
Zhengjiahu Warring States Qin Han Cemetery is located in Chengguan Town, Yunmeng County, Hubei Province, distributed in the southeast suburbs of the Chu King City site, about 3,000 meters west of the Sleeping Tiger Cemetery.
A number of precious written materials have been excavated from the site, among which there is a long text wooden yao (a kind of polygonal wooden mu, the full text is about 700 words, the font is typical of Qin Li, the Yao wen records that the strategist Jie persuaded the Qin king to sleep in the army Liyi, and the style and style are similar to the "Warring States Policy". It is the earliest and longest wooden tree seen so far, with rare shape and rich connotation, involving archaeology, paleography, paleography, ancient history and many other fields, and has great academic value.
In addition, a number of rare burial utensils wood panel paintings have been unearthed, dating from the end of the Warring States - the Qin Dynasty and the Qin and Han Dynasties. The themes are all first-seen, filling the historical gap in the materials and types of Qin and Han paintings in the Warring States, and are important discoveries in the history of Chinese art, which is of great significance for tracing the formation of Chinese tomb murals.
Murong Zhi's tomb unearthed a set of gold and silver dining utensils. Courtesy of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
Murong Zhi's tomb unearthed pen and ink paper inside a lacquer box. Courtesy of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
The Tombs of the Tuguhun Royal Family of the Tang Dynasty in Wuwei District are located in the southwest of Wuwei City, Gansu Province.
Through continuous archaeological work, it is now possible to initially divide the tomb group of the Wuwei Tuguhun royal family into three major mausoleum areas. The tomb group as a whole shows the distribution characteristics of "large concentration and small dispersion" and the tomb site selection characteristics of "Niugang Remote Area, Horse Mane Open Grave, and Ground Dragon Pile". The tombs all have the basic characteristics of high-grade tombs in the early and middle Tang Dynasty, mainly based on the Tang Dynasty burial system, and have both Tuguhun culture, Tubo culture and northern grassland culture factors.
The discovery of this tomb group vividly reveals the historical facts that the Tuguhun people have gradually integrated into the Chinese civilization system in the nearly one hundred years since their return to the Tang Dynasty. It provides an important foundation for promoting the sustainable development and protection and utilization of the tuguhun royal family site group in Wuwei region, and provides a new research direction for the enrichment and improvement of the Silk Road cultural system.
Edit | Xiao Xi edited | Wang Qiao
Duty Editorial Board | Chen De Source | People's Daily News