Staying up late for a while, staying up late at the crematorium.
The pace of work in this era is constantly accelerating, not because the night is too beautiful, but there are always people who stay up all night with black eyes...
Every young person in the workplace should be familiar with such a scene:
"At 2 a.m., get ready for the deadline."
"At 12:00 p.m., prepare a report plan for due (due) tomorrow."
"At 4 a.m., prepare for the career exam that is already final (final) day."
Some nights are caused by work pressure, and some are caused by procrastination, but whether active or passive, staying up late is not always a good thing.
On November 1, 2019, a study published in the internationally renowned scientific journal Science confirmed that staying up late makes it difficult to discharge harmful waste from the brain, and the harm to the human body is really not small.
During sleep, the electrophysiological activity of nerve cells, brain hemodynamics, and the flow of cerebrospinal fluid interact with each other
The first "brainwashing" picture in history: Sleep is actually helping you detoxify
The study, co-authored by Nina E. Fults and Laura Sanders from Boston University's Department of Biomedical Engineering[1], found that sleep may trigger rhythmic cleansing of the brain.
Specifically, let's take this GIF demonstration below as an example:
After the body enters non-REM sleep, fresh cerebrospinal fluid (the blue logo) enters the brain from the lower half of the figure (i.e., the fourth ventricle), while blood (red logo) flows out of the brain just before.
Therefore, there is reason to believe that cerebrospinal fluid, in the process of people falling asleep, can help the brain clear of toxic proteins. [2]
Based on this intuitive finding, Boston University scholars have reason to believe that cerebrospinal fluid may help clear the brain of harmful proteins, which is also the first public "brainwashing" map in human history.
If you don't get enough sleep, Alzheimer's disease comes to you
"Staying up late will make you stupid"? Translated as, "If you don't get enough sleep, you will become 'demented'"?
The answer is: it really could...
Laura's team's animal studies also showed that cerebrospinal fluid can clear harmful proteins from the brain, including β-amyloid, which is linked to Alzheimer's disease, commonly known as "Alzheimer's disease." And this new finding has made people realize that a similar effect can occur in people who are asleep.
Further trials of the study showed that when the body is awake, the waves of cerebrospinal fluid formation are small and gentle. On the contrary, during the sleep process of the human body, the waves formed by the cerebrospinal fluid are "tsunami-like", with huge waveforms and extremely fast wave speeds.
Therefore, reduced sleep, or sleep deprivation, can lead to impaired ability of cerebrospinal fluid to clear toxic proteins, which may be one of the root causes of the relationship between sleep and Alzheimer's disease.
Image source: Stand Cool Helo
Lack of sleep impairs the effectiveness of cerebrospinal fluid in clearing toxic proteins, thereby increasing or accelerating the onset of Alzheimer's disease
The Healthy China Initiative (2019-2030) recommends that adults sleep an average of 7 to 8 hours a day. Good sleep is important for CSF to clean up toxic metabolites in the brain, and lack of sleep often leads to a buildup of β in the brain, amyloid protein, which happens to be associated with Alzheimer's disease.
Pictured: Science News reports that Boston University found that sleep stimulates brain rhythmic cleansing (toxic proteins)
Researchers have found that the shock waves produced by the flow of cerebrospinal fluid are actually related to specific types of brain waves.
First, slow waves produced by the electrical activity of nerve cells (representing the entry into non-REM sleep) sweep through the brain;
Subsequently, the oxygen content of cerebral blood flow will decrease, indicating that blood will also flow out;
Finally, waves of cerebrospinal fluid form rush into the brain, possibly replacing existing blood flow.
It is worth noting that with age, the intensity of slow waves produced by the electrical activity of nerve cells during sleep will decrease, which is especially important in Alzheimer's disease patients, if it falls, it means that these people's cerebrospinal fluid waves are reduced, and more toxic proteins are difficult to discharge.
In other words, if you stay up late and sleep short for a long time, you are closer to Alzheimer's disease (often called "Alzheimer's disease") ...
What's the harm in staying up late? 6 signals tell you
How much does staying up late affect the body?
In a study of 13-year-olds in Finland, it was concluded that staying up late (sleeping more than 11 a.m.) was strongly associated with health problems such as headaches, sleep disturbances, irritability, fatigue, etc. [3].
A large number of clinical studies have proved that staying up late mainly emits physical warning signals in 6 aspects:
1. Low immunity, increased risk of infectious diseases
People who stay up late at night have difficulty getting enough sleep, and all or part of sleep deprivation can reduce immune system function [4].
2. Lack of energy during the day, social isolation
Lack of sleep also reduces social willingness and increases loneliness[5], both of which are high risk factors for premature death!
3. Obesity
Studies have confirmed that people who sleep less have increased activation of food-related areas of the brain, and that people who sleep late have eaten more without realizing it at all [6]. In addition, if you stay up late because of work, it will cause "overwork and fattening".
4. Poor memory and decreased cognitive function
Lack of sleep, the usual memory will really become worse! In 2018, Japanese scientists first found in a study published in the journal Science[7] that there is a special type of brain wave (spikes) during sleep that erase the memory cache and help generate new memories – that is, if you sleep well, the brain is better, and the learning and memory will be better.
5. Sudden death, skin problems
Sudden death from staying up late is not uncommon, and skin problems caused by sleep deprivation such as allergic dermatitis [8] and eczema [9] have also attracted attention.
So, staying up so late is not good, will you still choose to put on the most expensive mask and stay up the longest night?
6. There are many disadvantages of staying up late for a long time
Studies have shown that night workers are more likely than day shift workers to develop peptic ulcers and heart-related diseases [10], and have also found that night shift workers have a significantly lower rate of DNA damage repair and a greater chance of detecting cancer (breast cancer).
Read more medical texts: Chinese ruined by staying up late
Having said a lot, Tencent Medical Code wants to tell you that for your health, you can not stay up late or try not to stay up.
And then say one more thing, hold on, stick to a good routine, you will benefit immensely!
Reviewer
Gao Ping | Chief Physician of the Department of Neurology, Beijing Hospital
Li Zhilian | deputy chief physician of the Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Jingzhou City, Hubei Province
bibliography
[1] N.E. Fultz et al. Coupled electrophysiological, hemodynamic, and cerebrospinal fluid oscillations in human sleep. Science. Vol. 366, November 1, 2019, p. 628. doi: 10.1126/science.aax5440.
[2] Sleep may trigger rhythmic power washing in the brain，Laura.Sanders，
https://www.sciencenews.org/article/sleep-may-trigger-rhythmic-power-washing-brain?fbclid=IwAR04YDRSjisQU_s9kY3aJLeB2KxdExrcE2mULFoE_kbR1fR3CfvZfxBjeVE
[3] Katsunuma R, Oba, Kentaro, Kitamura, Shingo, et al. Unrecognized sleep loss accumulated in daily life can promote brain hyperreactivity to food cue[J]. Sleep, 2017, 40(10).
[4] Faraut B, Karim Zouaoui Boudjeltia, Luc Vanhamme, et al. Immune, inflammatory and cardiovascular consequences of sleep restriction and recovery[J]. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 2012, 16(2):137-149.
[5] Simon E B, Walker M P. Sleep loss causes social withdrawal and loneliness[J]. Nature communications, 2018, 9.
[6] Katsunuma R, Oba, Kentaro, Kitamura, Shingo, et al. Unrecognized sleep loss accumulated in daily life can promote brain hyperreactivity to food cue[J]. Sleep, 2017, 40(10).
[7]http://science.sciencemag.org/content/359/6383/1524
[8] Monti JM, Vignale R, Monti D (1989) Sleep and nighttime pruritus in children with atopic dermatitis. Sleep 12:309–314
[9] Camfferman D, Kennedy JD, Gold M, Martin AJ, Lushington K (2010) Eczema and sleep and its relationship to daytime functioning in children. Sleep Med Rev 14:359–369
[10] SchernhammerES,LadenF,SpeizerFE,WillettWC,Hunter DJ, Kawachi I, and Colditz GA (2001) Rotating night shifts and risk of breast cancer in women participating in the nurses’ healthstudy. JNatlCancerInst93:1563-1568.
*The pictures in this article are Station Cool Heroo, Science Magazine, Science News, etc
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