Author | Fan Deng Reading · Face love
Anchor | Fan Deng Reading · Yang Gun Gun
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Dear book lovers, good evening
Welcome to Fan Deng's reading character column - "Stars".
Reading the Stars Shine · Experience extraordinary life.
One issue per day, welcome your continuous attention~
The protagonist who will appear today is the first great talent of the Ming Dynasty, Jin Shengsi.
He was the "great freak" in Hu Shi's mouth, and also the "great impressionist critic of the 17th century" in Lin Yutang's eyes. As China's most prestigious literary critic, what kind of life story does he have?
Let's walk into the legendary life of the great talent - Jin Shengsi~ together
In 1661, the streets of Nanjing were crowded with people, and the people who were in a hurry looked dejected, and everyone's faces revealed panic and uneasiness.
An execution was about to begin, and the onlookers were witnessing it.
Suddenly, a prisoner shouted at the executioner: Hey, be the first to cut off my head! I have two silver tickets in my ears, and if you cut me first, they will all belong to you.
When the executioner heard this, his heart moved, and he immediately sprayed a sip of wine on the knife, and the knife fell in his hand, and the first one beheaded the prisoner.
After the head landed, two paper balls rolled out of the ears, and the executioner quickly opened them, only to see that one of the paper balls was written "Good" and the other was written "Pain".
This person is what Hu Shi called "a great freak of the seventeenth century","Jin Shengsi.
Worship freedom as air, regard rules as nothing, and at the last moment of life, still teasing the world.
When he was young, he played the imperial examination, the middle-aged criticism of literature and history, and the belief of dedication in old age, he lived for himself all his life.
There are many ways for a person to live, but the most advanced way to live is to be loyal to oneself.
In 1608, a baby cry came from the Jin family outside Suzhou, and the baby born was named Jin Shengsi.
The Jin family is well-off, Jin's father is a reader, quite literate, Jin Shengsi has been reading books since childhood.
Under the influence of the ears, Jin Shengsi, who was less than 9 years old, knew the Confucian classics such as "University" and "Zhongyong".
He was clever and precocious, and even the gentleman of the private school could not help but praise him: the widow is a different day, it is really the seed of reading in the world.
This reading seed is not only talented, but also extremely hardworking, and at a young age, people around him are looking forward to his future scientific expeditions.
But Jin Sheng sighed as if he was not here, and he wanted to see the unrestrained world outside the books.
Once the freedom-loving soul in the heart began to awaken, it was out of control.
In the classroom, everyone was immersed in hard reading, but Jin Shengsi could not help asking: Sir, why do you have to read such a boring book day and night? What's the point?
When the gentleman heard this, he exclaimed:
Cold window hard reading for ten years, it is the first in a dynasty. If you don't read it, then what is the merit?
Mr. Jin Shengsi's sharp words did not frighten Jin Shengsi, but he said in his heart: All the people in the world are famous for their merits, and I want to be a different person.
In order to break free from the shackles of the teacher, Jin Shengsi simply took leave to study at home, but in fact, he hid at home and read idle books, and he was very happy to read.
At the age of 16, as a well-known talent, Jin Shengsi participated in the scientific expedition.
But to everyone's surprise, he actually got zero points.
It turned out that the exam question that year was: I am forty and I am not moved.
This quote is from Mencius, and the purpose of the exam is to write about life ambitions through the stories of saints.
At that time, the form of the Eight Strands of Writing was very old-fashioned, and the content written before and after was stipulated.
For Jin Shengsi, who is debauched and loves freedom, such a rule is undoubtedly a constraint on thought.
So he directly waved a large pen and wrote on the test paper: 39 "moving" words.
The examiner saw his test paper, almost scolded, and directly gave zero points.
One zero point is not enough, Jin Shengsi has released himself on the scientific expedition one after another, and each time he has received zero points.
Repeatedly teasing the scientific expedition, he completely entered the blacklist of the examination and could no longer participate in the scientific expedition.
Unexpectedly, after being deposed, Jin Shengsi laughed and said: Today I can return my freedom.
At that time, for the readers, the career path was the best way to change their destiny.
The title of the golden list, the position and the subject, are the things that many people dream of.
But Jin Shengsi, who loves freedom by nature, does not want to be trapped by fame and fame, and is a prisoner of wealth.
Without fear of the world's vision, play the imperial examination, only to pursue the inner yearning for freedom.
Lin Yutang once said:
I want to have the freedom to be myself, and the guts to dare to be my own.
Jin Shengsi, who gave up his career, then encountered the death of his father, and his family's situation plummeted, and he became destitute after his originally rich life.
Fortunately, the reputation of the great talent is still outstanding, and many rich and noble families want to hire him as a teacher in private schools.
For Jin Shengsi, such a job is not a good choice.
But he refused, life is not only the life in front of you, but also a lofty ideal.
Reading a lot of books, he found that there was only one author's words on the book, which was too monotonous, and he wanted to do something different.
So he started a new profession, which was to annotate literary classics.
A down-and-out student actually wants to comment on the classics, which is a fool's dream in the eyes of the world.
Despite the sneers of countless people, Jin Shengsi still did it without hesitation.
Dreams are beautiful, but reality is cruel after all.
The mainstream cultural circle does not accept This unique new creation of Jin Shengsi, and the life of Jin Shengsi's family is tight.
Friends come to visit, and the family does not even have money to entertain guests.
There was no other way, Jin Shengsi's wife had to pawn her own hairpin to alleviate the dilemma.
When dreams collide violently with reality, one is that dreams crush reality, and the other is that reality crushes dreams.
Jin Shengsi undoubtedly chose the former, and the poor and impoverished him successively annotated many classics such as "Water Margin" and "The Tale of the West Chamber".
With no background and no connections, most of his annotated works are only circulated among friends and cannot enter the mass market.
Looking at the painstaking works, no one cared, Jin Shengsi's heart had unspeakable sorrow.
The friends around him couldn't help but persuade him to give up and find a subsistence life.
But Jin Shengsi still did not change his original intention, since he chose his dream, he was not afraid of wind and snow.
Mountains and rivers are doubtful and there is no way, and the willows are dark and the flowers are bright and another village. Jin Shengsi finally ushered in his own highlight moment.
In the late Ming Dynasty, the world suffered from the imprisonment of the Eight Strands of Literature and longed to seek new ideological sustenance.
Jin Shengsi's novel creations and wonderful annotations made everyone's eyes shine.
His annotated "Water Margin" and "West Chamber" became the best-selling books in the streets and alleys, and an endless stream of people came to the door to ask for his side.
Even the Shunzhi Emperor couldn't help but praise:
"This is a master of ancient Chinese, and you can't look at him with Shiwen's eyes."
The emperor's praise made the obscure Jin Shengsi successfully enter the mainstream cultural circle and gain the recognition of the world.
Along the way, the ridicule of the crowd and the pressure of life did not make Jin Shengsi shake his heart.
The hot dream in his heart guided Jin Shengsi all the way forward, fearless.
It is good to live a peaceful life, but a life without dreams is doomed to be bleak.
It is not easy for people to live a life and want to live out of themselves, some people choose to give up, and some people choose to stick to it.
Jin Shengsi is undoubtedly the latter, the so-called brave, is even if life is low, will not give up the pursuit of ideal life.
In the last years of the Ming Dynasty, the Qing army entered the customs, the society was turbulent, and many famous Confucians changed hands one after another in order to save their lives.
Among them was Jin Shengsi's uncle Qian Qianyi, who was the hottest red man in the new dynasty.
One day, Jin Sheng sighed at the entrustment of his mother to give his uncle money to wish him a happy birthday.
At the feast, the people invited him to compose a poem to please him with money and humility.
Jin Sheng sighed and said: "Then I will write a couplet!"
"A civilian official with a big face, the elder of the three dynasties and a traitorous minister" was just 14 words, so angry that Qian Qianyi's face turned pale and he could not speak for half a day.
The seller's quest for glory is already a great shame for the readers, even if it is his own uncle, Jin Shengsi cannot agree.
Such a ruthless face shows Jin Shengsi's fierce madness, and this also lays the groundwork for his later fate.
In 1661, a new county commander of Wu County, Suzhou took office.
This new county order strictly urged the payment of taxes on the one hand, and on the other hand, it wantonly stole and sold official rice to enrich his own pockets.
The common people complained bitterly and suffered unspeakably.
Witnessing the tragic situation, Jin Sheng sighed and was indignant in his heart, and led a group of Xiucai to cry loudly at the Confucius Temple, pleading with the imperial court to punish the new county order.
The Weeping Temple declared that it was the right way since ancient times, but with the change of the imperial court, many of the right paths became crooked roads.
The gun shot the head bird, and as the drafter of the weeping temple text, Jin Shengsi, was arrested by the imperial court as the first offender and sentenced to be reprimanded.
In just fifty-three years, Jin Shengsi ushered in the end of his life.
Before crying at the temple, he had already expected that capital crimes were inevitable, but if he did not go, he would be ashamed of the morality in his heart and face the people without face.
Seeing death as a homecoming, he calmly waited in prison for the end of his life.
On the day of the execution, Jin Sheng sighed and looked at the two sons who were crying into tears and said: What is the use of crying, I will make a pair of you.
Then it comes to shanglian: Renko is bitter in her heart.
Looking at the father who is about to be in a different place, where the two sons have the mood of the pair.
Jin Sheng sighed and said: Get up, don't cry. I'll do it for you to the lower link, pear belly acid.
"Lotus" is homophonous with "pity", "pear" is homophonous with "away", and the two sons immediately cried out to the point of liver and intestines.
But Jin Sheng sighed from beginning to end without shedding tears, and resolutely went to death.
Between the world of life, integrity is self-elegance.
In the face of the great righteousness of the country, some people choose to protect themselves, which is beyond reproach.
But there are also people who are willing to stick to their hearts, even at the cost of their lives, and this is the case with Jin Shengsi.
Life is meaningless, only care about whether this life is lived in the way you like.
Jin Sheng sighed all his life and has been practicing this sentence in person.
Lu Xun once commented on Jin Shengsi: He is the most famous person in China.
Learning to be rich in five cars, only eight buckets high, attracted countless literati to bend their waists for him.
Playing with the imperial examination, criticizing the classics, and unleashing oneself in the turbid world, becoming the "alternative" of that era.
The rain enters the heart of the flower, and it becomes bittersweet. Inside the water return vessel, each square circle is present.
Walking life for more than fifty years, loyal to the heart, loyal to the ideal, loyal to morality, never let down the true self.
Floating three thousand, he lived to become the most dazzling self.
Click "Watching" and encourage your friends.
Author | Yan Lian: Reading, writing, looking at the world, looking at the world.
Column Director | Cheng zi
Typography | Zheng to the north
Image | The pictures in the text come from the Internet, invaded and deleted
Music | Piano Diary -