No rules, no squares.
Author | Cosca
Edit | Literary
"Drunk driving, but with the intelligent driving function, is it drunk driving?"
This problem has been plaguing the residents of Utah for a long time.
Recently, the state passed a bill: even if drivers turn on the intelligent driving system when they control the vehicle after drinking, they will still be charged with serious offenses against the health and safety of others, "the same crime" as drunk driving.
At the same time, the bill also "intimately" reminds car owners not to buy a system provided by a car company through subscription.
Utah has the highest standard for the national penalty for drunk driving, which is a blood alcohol content of 50 mg/100 ml. Compared to the continental standard, which is greater than or equal to 20 mg/100 ml, the standard is slightly lower, but it is second to none in the United States. After all, the standard set by other states is greater than or equal to 80 mg/100 ml.
In fact, Utah already has the lowest number of drunk driving deaths in the United States. To further reduce behaviors such as drunk and fatigue driving, Utah has been working to become the first state to fully legalize smart driving.
It was just unexpected that "restraint" would come faster than "encouragement".
Now, the bill is on Gov. Spencer Cox's desk, pending final signature.
Caught in the Mobius Ring?
The progress of science and technology, in the final analysis, is a kind of humanitarianism.
For intelligent driving, too, the first nature is by no means a commercial interest, but safety.
Last August, Musk first announced the reason tesla launched Autopilot: to avoid accidents.
He tweeted, "We're busy launching Autopilot V1 and putting a lot of effort into it. The reason behind this is that a driver fell asleep while driving a Tesla vehicle that did not carry autopilot, resulting in the death of a cyclist in a car accident (the Tesla driver was not injured). ”
In fact, Tesla, Weilai, Xiaopeng, Ideal and other companies at the forefront of technology have all had casualties related to assisted driving. Among them, Tesla has had the most frequent such accidents in the past few years.
At this point, we are not only worried, but also whether the intelligent driving technology born in the name of "benevolence" is "saving people" or "hurting people"?
According to media statistics, since 2013, Tesla has had at least 218 accidents worldwide. Among them, in more than 90% of the accidents, "out of control" is the culprit.
Picture note: In 2018, a car accident occurred on the southbound Highway 101 in the Bay Area of California
But on the other hand, intelligent driving systems can indeed "save lives" at some specific moments.
According to information released by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, in 2013 alone, there were 10,076 deaths due to drunk driving in the United States, accounting for 31% of the total number of traffic fatalities.
Coincidentally, in the statistical analysis of road traffic accidents in the first half of 2020 on the mainland, it is shown that among the 10 types of illegal acts that are prominent in traffic accidents, such as failure to give way according to regulations, speeding, drunk driving, etc., more than 90% of the causes of fatal traffic accidents lie in the traffic violations of drivers.
Industry insiders believe that with the popularity of smart driving, the number of such accidents will be reduced by about 90%. Because artificial intelligence will respect traffic rules more and can calculate the next move of pedestrians and pedestrians around them.
So in a pinch, maybe the vehicle is really more "reliable" than humans.
Temptation with benevolence, bondage with punishment
Earlier, intelligent driving cars were in the ascendant, because the lack of relevant laws and regulations seriously restricted its growth rate.
It was not until March 2016 that the United Nations revised and entered into force a new amendment to the Vienna Convention on Road Traffic.
The bill stipulates that the intelligent driving system is allowed to control the driving of the vehicle when it meets the requirements and the driver can take over the vehicle at any time, which also means that the legal status of intelligent driving is officially confirmed by the international community.
The Vienna Convention on Road Traffic currently has 74 signatories, including most European countries and mexico, Brazil and other countries in the Americas, but the 74 signatories do not include the United States, China and so on.
The United States has always been at the forefront of intelligent driving technology. Many automakers and tech giants, including General Motors and Google's Waymo, have repeatedly urged the U.S. federal government to enact smart driving bills to make it easier for them to test and mass-produce smart driving cars.
In order to persuade the US Congress to act as soon as possible, volkswagen groups and others will directly bring smart driving cars to the vicinity of Congress for testing, so that legislators can personally "get addicted" to smart driving cars.
Now, many states in the United States have introduced laws and regulations related to intelligent driving, but they are separate and the requirements are not completely consistent.
Figure Note: An overview of the legal situation of smart driving cars in the United States
For example, the definition of "vehicle operator" varies from state to state. The Tennessee SB151 program considers intelligent driving systems (ADS) to be considered "vehicle operators," while the Texas SB2205 program "vehicle operators" must be "natural persons." Meanwhile, the Georgia SB219 Act defines an operator as the person operating the ADS and doesn't have to sit in the car. These differences will affect how states issue road permits for future human drivers and smart-driving vehicles.
The Utah Act this time is more detailed to specify the subject of the intelligent driving system or "ADS", regardless of whether the ADS is limited to a specific operational design area, the hardware and software that can jointly and continuously perform the entire dynamic driving task are considered intelligent driving.
In Europe, Germany was the first country to regulate intelligent driving technology.
In July 2016, due to the "seismic effect" caused by the Tesla traffic accident, Germany issued a decree requiring automakers to install black boxes for their cars equipped with intelligent driving mode.
The black box can help the police clarify the rights and obligations of the driver when using the intelligent driving system: if the accident occurs during the artificial driving stage, the driver is liable; if it occurs during the intelligent driving stage, or if the accident is caused by the failure of the system, the car manufacturer is liable.
Compared with foreign countries, although the mainland's intelligent driving legislation work started late, after fully absorbing the experience of foreign countries, the supervision is more cautious and stable.
After careful consideration, in 2017, Beijing issued opinions and related administrative rules on accelerating the promotion of road testing of intelligent driving vehicles. Subsequently, Shanghai, Chongqing, Shenzhen and other cities have also joined the ranks of intelligent driving open road tests.
Last year, the Ministry of Public Security also drafted the Road Traffic Safety Law (Revised Draft) and solicited opinions from the public, which is also the first time that the mainland has put forward normative opinions on intelligent networked vehicles and intelligent driving in the law.
Although there were already normative documents on the development strategy of intelligent and connected vehicles and road testing, there were no special provisions on the law on intelligent and connected vehicles in the mainland at that time.
Until March 2021, the Standing Committee of the Shenzhen Municipal People's Congress issued the Regulations on the Administration of Intelligent and Connected Vehicles in the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone (Draft for Solicitation of Comments). The draft opinion is divided into ten chapters, including road testing and demonstration applications, cybersecurity and data protection, and vehicle-road collaborative infrastructure.
It may become the first local comprehensive legislation of intelligent networked vehicles in the mainland, which is of immeasurable significance for regulating the application of intelligent networked vehicles and ensuring road traffic safety.
Write at the end
As the saying goes, there are no rules, no squares.
The publicity of intelligent driving is very loud, relevant incentive policies are frequently issued around the world, and regulatory regulations should not be left behind.
The emergence of intelligent driving cars will inevitably have an impact on the current legal regulations, and there are many incompatibilities with the current legal regulations.
However, in the foreseeable future, the adoption of legislation to promote the implementation of intelligent driving technology and escort people's traffic safety is an urgent issue in all countries.
Technology doesn't matter if it's right or wrong, what matters is how we treat it and use it well.
After all, life is priceless.
link:
http://us.xinhuanet.com/2017-05/01/c_129582700.htm
http://sfj.beijing.gov.cn/sfj/fzbwj/resources/content/PDF/201706/20180330155310.pdf
https://www.leiphone.com/category/transportation/kjQaIYkoHwia8HCs.html
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