Supported by the Central Propaganda Department (Information Office of the State Council) "Record China" communication project, guided by the Propaganda Department of the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television, and jointly produced by Hunan Satellite TV, Mango TV and Beijing Bojing Culture, the second season of the large-scale historical and cultural documentary "China" is currently being broadcast every Monday to Thursday at 19:30, Mango TV members are the first to watch, enjoy the HDR experience, and the documentary "China" book of the same name published by Shanghai People's Publishing House and Xuelin Publishing House has also been listed at the same time. The fourth episode of "Shijing", which is broadcast today, tells the story of Guan Hanqing's opera life and artistic creation, and draws historical figures such as dramatists Yang Xianzhi, Bai Pu, Ma Zhiyuan and other historical figures who have had an important influence on yuanqu, showing the evolution process of "sinking" Confucian culture with drama as the carrier to the countryside of Shijing, and activating the spiritual genes of Chinese.
"Gold Medal Screenwriter" Guan Hanqing's Life in the City
At the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, the imperial examination was suspended for a long time, and many literati were depressed and lonely, and could not find a place for the sages to use, so they mixed up the fences and joined the city artists, including Guan Hanqing. Legend has it that he was born into a family of doctors and worked in the Jin Dynasty Tai Hospital. Giving up his identity as a "doctor" and transforming into opera creation was an important turning point in Guan Hanqing's life, and he decided to use drama to express his depressed emotions.
Because of his outstanding talent, Guan Hanqing's fame soon spread among his peers, and he lived like a dream in the Vasher hook bar in Dadu, accompanied by playwrights and kabuki artists. Later, he went to Jiangnan to live and wrote the famous play "Dou E'e Grievance", which borrowed Dou E's mouth and said the grievances of many small people. With the dream of salvation, he cared about the suffering of peasants, merchants, craftsmen and other low-level people, and the difficulties of widows, prostitutes, nursing women and other female groups, and created a new era of opera with his profound achievements in drama.
The Confucian cultural inheritance of the "Guan Hanqing" in the city
Guan Hanqing, who had systematically studied Confucianism since childhood, longed for Zhu Xi's golden age, known as the "Oriental Renaissance", and he often dreamed of returning to the year when Zhu Xi went to Yuelu Academy and Zhang Yu to debate openly, the ideal society full of "benevolence, righteousness, wisdom and faith". Therefore, he moved these Confucian ideas to the stage of Shangjing Opera, and successively created The Confucian student with the title of the golden list in "Baiyue Pavilion", "Golden Thread Pond", "Dream of Crimson Clothes", and "Chen Mother's Godson", Guan Yu, the brave and fearless hero guan Yu in "Single Knife Society", and the honest and honest officials who enforced the law impartially in many works. These people represented the Confucianism and etiquette in his heart, and pinned his ideal belief in his desire to enter the country.
At the same time, Guan Hanqing's friend Yang Xianzhi, a friend of Mo Rebellion, gathered together Gao Jiezhi and practiced the Confucian vision of "helping to become a civilizer"; Bai Pu, who broke the country and died in his childhood, adhered to the integrity of his family and country, and was no longer an official in the Yuan Dynasty, and YuanQu let him achieve himself; Ma Zhiyuan initiated the Yuan Zhen Book Club, taking drama as a friend and building a unique spiritual rest house like the sage Zhu Xi; Outstanding opera actor Zhu Curtain Show, adhering to the ideal of freedom in his heart, entrusted his life to the Taoist priest and hid in the wind and dust. These "city youths" who are in the same situation as Guan Hanqing have completed their mission inheritance in different ways.
Due to the strong commercial and civic atmosphere of the Yuan Dynasty, China's cultural heritage has been able to go out of the palaces, literary gardens and schools to the private market, achieving an unprecedented transformation, and the popular cultural tradition of the city has been continued to this day. The drama thus undertook the mission of "carrying the Tao with literature", sank down to the Confucian culture of the city and the countryside, and since then has been more extensively and deeply integrated into the spiritual genes of Chinese.
The fifth episode of the second season of the documentary "China" "Chenzi" will be broadcast simultaneously on Mango TV and Hunan Satellite TV on March 7, approaching the legendary life of Zhang Juzheng, the "Famous Minister of The Ages", and Hai Rui, the "Qingguan of the World", and exploring the different life pursuits and ways of being a subject of Chinese scholars, so stay tuned!